Bài tập ngữ pháp tiếng anh

Ngoai le: tie cot, buoc —> tieing hoac tying hie voi va, di voi va —> hieing hoac hying L ifu y : Khong dung thi hien tai tiep dien v6i cac dong tiT chi nhan thile, tri giac nhu: to be,,

XUAN BA

TIENG ANH

L O I N O I D A U

Cac ban hoc vien than men!

De co them tai lieu thiet thUc phuc vu nhu cau hoc tap va luyen thi chiing chi A, B, C tieng Anh ngay cang nhieu cua dong dao cac ban hoc vien, chung toi da bien soan va lan lUdt cho ra mat loat sach gom 13 tap nhu sau:

1 Bai tap Trac Nghiem Tieng Anh trinh do A B (tap I)

2 Bai tap Trac Nghiem Tieng Anh trinh do C (tap II)

3 Bai tap Doc Hieu Tieng Anh

4 Bai tap Dien Tti Tieng AnJi

5 Bai tap Dat Cau Tieng Anh

6 Bai tap Bien Doi Cau Tieng Anh

7 Bai tap Cum Dong Tif Tieng Anh

8 Bai tap Trac Nghiem Gi6i Tu1 Tieng Anh

9 Bai tap Tif Vung Tieng Anh

10 Cac Bai Luan Tieng Anh

11 Bai tap Nguf Phap Tieng Anh

12 Bai tap Thanh NgU Tieng Anh

13 Bai tap Luyen Viet Tieng A.nh

Loat sach tren co nhulng dac diem cau:

Cung cap doi dao so lu!dng bai tap ve cac bai gui dinh doi vdi mon thi Doc - Viet nhu trac nghiem, doc hieu, dien tCf, dat cau v.v

Moi mot tap sach la mot chuyen de luyen thi rieng re giup ban ren luyen va nam vUng kien thijfc cung nhil kl nang ma moi loai hinh bai tap doi hoi

Cac bai tap dUdc bien soan cho ca 3 trinh do A, B, C theo dung dang thtic de thi cua Bo Giao Due - Dao Tao Rieng ve Bai Tap Bien Doi Cau Tieng Anh chi co bai tap cho 2 trinh do B va C

vi theo m iu de thi A cua Bo khong co ph4n bai tap nay

Rat m ong nhan ditoc nhieu dong gop qui bau cua ban doc gan xa Chuc cac ban thanh cong

> 7 1 / • f

Tac gia

1/ T e n s e s 5

II/ S e q u e n ce o f T e n s e s 31

III/ T h e p a s s iv e a n d a ctiv e s e n t e n c e s 45

IV / T h e p a r ts o f s p e e c h 58

1.N o u n s 58

2 P r o n o u n s 72 3 A je c tiv e s 84 4 A d v e r b s 94

5.W ord s t u d y 102

6 D e g re e s o f co m p a riso n o f A d jectiv es an d A d v e rb s 133 7 V e r b s 145

8 N u m e r a l s 162 9 P r e p o s it io n s 170

1 0 C o n ju n c tio n s 195 11 A r t i c l e s 199

V / C la u s e s a n d P r a s e s 206

V I/ E x e p re ssio n o f q u a n t it y 245

V II/ E m p h a s is 251

V III/ S t y l e s 254

IX / R e p o rte d s p e e c h 25 9 X / S e n t e n c e s 266

X I/ P ra ctice T e s t 274

X II/ K e y 310

A p p e n d ix A

T o ch iic q u oc te - chvif v ie t ta t th o n g d u n g 370

• D o, ca n , d on g

A p p e n d ix B

B a n g liet k e cac dong tti b a t quy ta c 383

I TENSES

(CAC THi)

1 The Sim ple Present Tense (Thi hien tai dOn)

a Form

- I, We You, They + Verb (without to)

- He, She, It + Verb + s/es

- Dong tti chia d hien tai (V,)

(Neu chu ngut d ngoi thti ba so ft, ta phai them “ S” hoac “ ES” vao sau dong tuf)

ij U sa g e :

Thi hien tai ddn dien ta mot thoi quen, mot hanh dong xay ra thUdng xuyen lap di lap lai d hien tai

Ex

+ He w atches TV every night

+ W hat do you do everyday?

(tim eta b les), chUdng trinh (p rogram m es) .

Ex: + The plane leaves for London at 12.30 p.m

+ She departs for Australia tom orrow

+ The film begins at 8 o’clock

- Thi hien tai ddn de chi “ Hien tai lich s t f , nhat la trong nhQng bai binh luan ve cac mon chdi hoac cac vd kich.

Ex: + The badm inton player sends the shuttlecock over the net.Thi hien tai ddn dung sau nhUng cum tii chi thdi gian "when” ,

“as soon as” va nhung cum tu: chi dieu kien “ i f ’, “ unless”

Ex: + We will not believe you unless we see it ourselves

+ If she asks you, tell her that you do not know

c S p e llin g :

* Ta them S de hinh thanh ngoi thCf b a ’so* it cua hau het cac dong tu! NhUng ta them ES khi dong tii co tan cung la o, sh s ch x, z Ex: He teaches French

* Neu dong tii tan cung la “y” va diing tru(6c no la mot phu am, thi

ta doi “y” thanh “ i” trUdc khi them “es”

Ex: + He tries to help her

+ She studies at Canberra

d C a c p h o t if t h iid n g dxidc d u n g c h u n g vcfi th i h ie n tai dtfn:

+ Often, usually, frequently

it khi, hiem khi hang ngay/ tuan/ thang

e N e g a tiv e F o r m (T h e p h u d in h )

* Doi vdi dong tu: dac biet (be, can, may ), ta them “not” ngay sau dong tii do

Ex: + He is a good pupil

—> He isn’t a good pupil

+ My brother can swim

-* My brother can t swim

* Doi vdi dong tti thUdng, ta dung trd dong tu "D o” hoac “ Does” tuy theo chu ngCt.

Ex: + She doesn’t hke coffee

+ They don’t want new shoes

f I n t e r r o g a t iv e fo r m (T h e n g h i v a n )

* Doi vdi dong tu1 dac biet ta chuyen no len dau cau va them dau

“?” d cuoi cau

Ex: + Are you tu ed now?

+ Can Peter drive a car?

* Doi v6i dong tii thUdng, ta them “Do” hoac "Does” vao dau cau

(Nhd dUa dong tif chfnh ve nguyen mau)

Ex: + Her father likes tea

—> Does her father like tea?

+ They do their homework every day

-> Do they do their homework every day9

2 T h e P r e s e n t C o n t in u o u s T e n s e (T h i h ie n tai tie p d ie n )

a F o rm :

- 1 + am

- He, She, It + is + V-ing

- We, You, They + are

Ex: + The children are playing football now

+ W hat are you doing at the moment?

- Thi n ay cung thUdng dude dung theo sau cau de nghi, menh lenh.

Ex: + Look! The child is crying.

+ Be quiet! The baby is sleeping in the next room.

- Thi nay con dude dung de dien ta mot h a n h dong sap xay ra (d tUdng lai g&n)

Ex: + He is com ing tomorrow

+ My parents are planting trees tomorrow

Ngoai le: tie (cot, buoc) —> tieing hoac tying

hie (voi va, di voi va) —> hieing hoac hying

L ifu y : Khong dung thi hien tai tiep dien v6i cac dong tiT chi nhan thile, tri giac nhu: to be,, see, hear, understand, know, like, want, glance, feel, think, smell, love, hate, realize, seem, remember, forget, belong to, believe

Vdi cac dong tti nay ta thay bang thi Simple Present.

Ex: + I am tired now

+ She wants to go for a walk at the moment

+ Do you understand your lesson?

Yes, I understand, it now

•

d Negative Form (The phu dinh)

Them “not” vao sau dong tu: “to be” : “am is, are” tuy theo chu ngU Ex: + She is not working

+ They are not learning now

Chu y :

is not viet tat la isn’t

I am not I’m notare not aren’t

e Question form (The nghi van)

Dao am, is, are len trUdc chu ngut

Ex: + Are you a teacher?

- Yes, I am

- No, I am not

+ Is she watching T.V now?

- Yes, she is

- No, she isn’t

3 The Present Perfect Tense (Thi hien tai hoan thanh)

a F orm :

I, W e, They, You + have + past part,;clple ( v 3)

He, She, It + has

The p h u dinh: S + h a v en ’t/ h a sn ’t + Vs

The nghi vain: H ave/has + S + Vs ?

b U sa ge:

- Thi hien tai hoan thanh dien ta hanh dong vtia mdi xay ra vifa mdi ket thuc, thUdng di vdi trang tti “just”.

Ex: + The concert has just begun

+ I have finished my hom ew ork recently.

- Thi hien tai hoan thanh dien ta mot hanh dong bat dau tif qua

khif, con keo dai den hien tai va co kha nang tiep tuc d tUdng lai.Ex: + Mary has lived m this house for ten years

+ They have studied English since 1990

- Hanh dong xay ra trong qua khif ma khong biet ro thdi gian

Ex: + I have gone to Hanoi

+ He has done his housework

- Th) hien tai hoan thanh dien ta mot hanh dong dude lap di lap lai nhieu lan d qua khti

Ex: + Daisy has read that novel several times

+ I have seen “Titanic” three times

c Cac pho tif thu’ofng di kerrt vdi thi hien tai hoan thanh la:

just, recently, lately: gan day, vtia mdi

ever: da tting

never: chUa bao gid

already: roi

yet: chUa

since: tii khi (thdi diem)

for: khoang (thdi doan)

so far = until now = up to now = up to the present: cho den bay

Ex: + He has just seen her.

(but) He said that he had just seen her

+ I have already done my exercises

(but) When I came, they had already shown the film

c N otes:

- Ta thUdng dung “ju s t ” vdi thi hien tai hoan thanh.

Ex: W ould you like something to eat?

No, thanks I’ve just had lunch

- Dung “for” de chi khoang thdi gian cua hanh dong, va “since” de chi thdi diem ma hanh dong bat dau

Ex: + He has worked there for six months

+ I have learnt English since 1999

- Dung “yet” trong cau phu dinh va nghi van, dung “already” trong cau khang dinh

Ex: + Has John called vet?

+ I’ve already posted the letter

+ He has already started his new job

- Ta thUdng dung “ever” v a “never” vdi thi hien tai hoan thanh.

Ex: + Have you ever eaten snake meat?

+ He has never been there

- Dung thi hien tai hoan thanh sau nhting tut so sanh d c£p cao nhat

Ex: + W hat a boring film! It’s the most boring film I’ve ever seen

- Diing thi hien tai hoan thanh vdi: This is the first time, it is the

first time

Ex: + It is the second time he has lost his passport

+ This is the first time he has driven a car

- Gone to khac vdi been to

Ex: + Ann has gone to Italy

Ann da di nUdc Y

(Cau nay co nghia la bay gid co ay dang d nude Y hoac co ay dang

+ Ann has been to Italy

I’ve smoked ten cigarettes today

I haven’t seen Tom this m orning Have you?

4 The Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Thi hien tai hoan thanh tiep dien)

a Form:

I, We, You, They + have

He She, It + has + been + V ' mg

AIiCv, has always worked hard

(Khong dung has always been working)

* Khong dung thi hien tai hoan thanh tiep dien vdi cac

dong tif difctc liet ke d thi hien tai tiep dien (Cac dong tif

chi nhan thtic, tri giac)

Ex: How long have Bob and Alice been married?

(Khong dung have Bob and Alice been being married)

1 I, We, You, They C + Verb + ed (regular)

He, She, It L + Verb in the past tense (irregular)

R egular Verbs la nhung dong t£f co qui t ic nhU:

to work (lam viec)

to die (chet)

to stay (d lai)

to play (chdi)

Irregular Verbs la nhung dong tti bat qui tac co 3 cot nhU:

to sleep/ slept/ slept (ngu)

to go/ went/ gone (di)

to com e/ cam e/ com e (den)

to have/ had/ had (co)

b U sa g e:

Thi qua khil ddn d iln ta hanh dong da xay ra trong qua khii, cham diit roi va biet ro thdi gian

Ex: + Tom went to Paris last summer

+ My mother left this city two years ago

+ He died in 1980

c C a c p h o tu” d i k e m : la st (trU6c) ., ago (cach day), yesterd ay (horn qua).

d N e g a tiv e fo r m (T h e p h u d jn h )

* Doi vdi dong tii d&c biet, ta them “N O T ’ vao sau no

Ex: + He wasn’t absent from class yesterday

+ I couldn’t open the door last night

* Doi v6i dong tu: thUdng, ta dat trd dong tti “didn’t” trade dong tti chi'nh.

Ex: + He didn’t watch TV last night

+ She didn’t go to the cinema with him last Sunday

e I n t e r r o g a tiv e fo r m (T h e n g h i va n )

* Doi v6i dong tCf dac biet, ta chuyen no len dau cau

Ex: + Were they in hospital last month?

+ Could she answer your questions then?

* Doi vdi dong tti thUdng, ta dat trd dong tii “did” d dau cau

Ex: + Did you see my son, Tom?

Li/u y: Khi d o i sa n g p h u d in h va n g h i v a n n h d d iia d o n g tif

* Neu dong tti co qui tac tan cung la “y” ma trUdc no la mot phu

am thi doi “y” thanh “i” roi them “ed”

* Neu dong tii co qui-tac co mot am tiet, tan cung la mot nguyen

am d giufa hai phu am thi ta nhan doi phu am cuoi len roi them

“ed”

stop —> stopped

* Neu dong i u co qui tac co hai am tiet, tan cung la mot nguyen am

0 giuta hai phu am va trong am rdi vao am tiet cuoi thi ta nhan doi phu am cuoi len roi them “ed”

permit —> permitted

* Neu dong tu tan cung la “1” , trUdc no la mot nguyen am ddn thi

ta n h an doi “1” len roi them “ed”

travel —> travelled

g P r o n u n c ia t io n (C a c h p h a t am )

* NhUng dong tti co qui tac tan cung la am [t] va [d] khi them “ed”

ta doc them am [id]

divide [di’vaid] -> divided [di’vaidid]

* Nhufng dong tu! co qui tac tan cung la am [k], [p], [f], [s], [1], [tj] khi them “ed” ta doc them am [t]

laugh [la:f] —> laughed [la:ft]

* Ngoai hai trUdng hdp tren, cac dong tif co qui tac con lai sau khi them “ed” ta doc them am [d]

play [plei] - » played [pleid]

6 T h e P a st C o n t in u o u s T e n s e (.Thi q u a khuf tie p d ie n )

a F o rm :

I, She; He, It + was

We, You, They + were

b U sa g e: T h i q u a k h ii tie p d ie n d ie n ta:

- Hanh dong da xay ra va k6o dai mot thdi gian d qua khti

Ex: + Yesterday, Mr Moore was working in the laboratory all the afternoon

+ W hat were you doing from 3 p.m to 6 p.m yesterday?

- Hanh dong dang xay ra vao mot thdi diem d qua khii

Ex: + I was doing my homework at 6 p.m last Sunday

+ They were practising English at that time.

+ What were you doing at this time yesterday?

- Hanh dong dang xay ra (d qua khOO thi co mot hanh dong khac xen vao (hanh dong dang xay ra dung Past Continuous, hanh dong xen vao dung Simple Past)

Ex: + When I came yesterday, he was sleeping

+ What was she doing when you saw her?

+ As we were crossing the street, the policeman shouted at us

- Hai hanh dong xay ra song song cung mot luc cl qua k h i

Ex: Yesterday, I was cooking while my sister was washing the dishes

Ltfu y: Khong dung thi nay vdi cac dong tif chi nhan thvifc, tri giac Thay vao do, ta dung thi Simple Past.

c Negative form (The phu dinh)

Dat “not” sau “was” hoac “were”

Ex: + They were not (weren’t) eating dinner when you arrived.+ She was not (wasn’t) watching television at 8 o’clock yesterday evening

d Question form (The nghi van)

Ta chuyen “was” hoac “were” len trUdc chu ngut

Ex: + Were they eating dinner when you arrived?

+ Was she having breakfast at 7 o’clock yesterday m orning?

7 The Past Perfect Tense (Thi qua khvf hoan thanh)

a Form:

- (V3 : past participle)(- Negative form: S + Hadn’t + V 3

- Interrogative form: Had + S + V 3?)

Subject + had + V 3

b Usage:

Thi qua khii hoan thanh dien ta mot hanh dong qua khti xay ra trUdc mot thdi gian qua khil hoac trU6c mot hanh dong qua khCf khac (Neu trong cau co hai hanh dong qua khil hanh dong nao xay ra trUdc ta dung Past Perfect, hanh dong nao sau ta dung Simple Past)

Ex: + We had lived in Hue before 1975

+ W hen I got up this morning, my father had already left.+ After the children had finished theu homework, they went

to bed

+ It was the most difficult question that I had ever known

8 The Past Perfect Continuous Tense (Thi qua khtf hoan thanh tiep dien)

a Form:

Subject +• had + been + V-mg j

b Usage:

Thi qua khti hoan thanh tiep dien dien ta mot hanh dong qua khti

da xay ra va k6o dai cho den khi hanh dong qua khii thi? hai xay

ra (hanh dong thti hai dung Simple Past) ThUdng thUdng khoang thdi gian k6o dai dUdc neu ro trong cau

Ex: + The men had been playing cards for 3 hours before I came.+ They had been living m Lodon for 10 years when I met them

9 The Sim ple Future Tense (Thi tifcfng lai dofn)

* IAV e/he/She + w ill

* Negative form: S + W ill/ Shall + Not + V ml-}

W on’t/ Shan’t

* Interrogative form: W ill/Shall + S + V (bare int.)

b U sage:

* Dung khi ta quyet dinh lam mot dieu gi do vao luc noi

Ex: A: Did you phone Ann'-1

B: Oh no, I forgot I will (’11) do it now

- Oh, I’ve left the door open I will (’II) go and shut it

* Dung de yeu cau ai do lam viec gi

Ex: + Will you shut the door?

+ Will you please be quiet9

* Dung de de nghi lam dieu gi

Ex: + That bag looks heavy I will help you with it

O f course I’ll bring it back this afternoon

+ I’ve asked John to help me but he w on't

* Dung de dong y hoac tu1 choi lam dieu gi

Ex: - You know that book I lent you? Can I have it back?

- I need some money

- Don’t worry I will lend you some

* Dung de hiia hen lam dieu gi do

Ex: 1- I promise I will call you as soon as I irnv^

+ I won’t tell Tom what you said I promise

* Dung shall / va shall we de de nghi hoac gdi y.

Ex: + Where shall we go this evening?

+ Shall I open the window?

*Dung I think I ’ll hoac / d on ’t think I ’ll khi ta quyet dinh

lam dieu gi

Ex: + I think I’ll stay at home this evening

f 1 don't think I'll go out tonight I’m too tired.

c Cac pho tiV di kem:

Someday: mot ngay nao do

Tomorrow: mai

Next week, next month .: tuan/thang tdi

Soon: Chang bao lau niia

10 Near future (Tu’cfng lai gan)

a Form:

1 + am

| He, She, It + is + going to + V lW<,.,nf, | (,Du dinh se)

We, You, They + are :

I + am

He, She, It + is + V-mg (sap sU»)

[ We, You They + are _ _j

b U sa g e:

du dinh sap tdi (thUdng thu'dng ti ">ng cau khong co cum tu1 chi thdi gian)

Ex: + My father is retiring

-h W here are you going to spend your holidays?

c. Phan biet giufa ttftfng lai thu’ofng (will) va tu’cfng lai chi’ y

dinh (be going to).

* Ta dung will khi ta quyet dinh lam dieu gi do vao luc noi, chUa

co quyet dinh trUdc.

Ex: Tom: My bicycle has a flat tyre Can you repair it for me0 Father: Okay, but I can’t do it now Ill repair it tomorrow

* Ta dung be goin g to khi ta da quyet dinh lam dieu gi do roi.

Ex: M other: Can you repair Tom's bicycle? It has a flat tyre

Father: Yes, I know He told me I’m going to repau 11tomorrow.

11 The Future Continuous Tense (Thi tiitfng lai tiep dien)

a Form:

'1 /W e + Will (or Shall)

j He/She/It/You/They + Will + Be + Verb -m g

b Usage:

*Chi hanh dong dang tien hanh tai mot thdi diem d tUdnglai.

Ex: + At 10 o’clock tomorrow morning he w ill be w orking

+ I will be watching TV at 9 o’clock tonight

* Chi hanh dong dang xay ra d tUdng lai thi co m ot h a n h dong khac xay ra.

Ex: + I will be studying when you return this evening

+ They will be travelling in Italy by the time you arrive here

* Ta dung will you be + verb-ing? de hoi ve du dinh cua mot ngUdi khi ta can dieu gi hoac can ngUdi do lam dieu gi.

Ex: A: W ill you be using your motorcycle this evening?

B: No, you can take n

A: Will you be passing the post office when you go out?

- Thi nay thUdng dung trong cau co cac cum tCi chi thdi gian nhtf

“ By (+ moc thdi gian)” ; “BY THE TIME” ; “ BY THEN”

Ex: + I’ll have finished my work by noon

+ They’ll have built that house by July next year

+ W hen you come back, I’ll have written this letter

13 The Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Thi tiicfng lai hoan thanh tiep dien)

- Cac cum tti chi thdi gian di kem la:

+ BY for (+ khoang thdi gian.)

+ BY then

+ BY the time

Ex: + By November, we’ll have been living in this house for 10 years + By March 15th, I’ll have been working for this company for 6 years

Note:

1 Khong dung cac thi tiep dien (Continuous Tenses) vdi cac dong tif chi nhan thuc, tri giac (see, be, hear )

2 Khong dung cac thi tUdng lai (Future tenses) trong cac menh

de trang ngiit chi thdi gian, thi Simple Future dUdc thay bdng Simple Present; thi Future Perfect (hoac Future Perfect Continuous) dUdc thay bang thi Present Perfect (hoac Present Perfect Continuous)

I S u p p ly th e c o r r e c t v e r b fo rm s : T h e S im p le P re s e n t T e n s e

o r T h e P re s e n t C o n tin u o u s T e n se :

1 Hurry! The buslcom e) H not want) to miss it

2 Listen! Somebody (sing)

3 How often ^yofu rean; a newspaper9

4 The sun always (ris^j^n the east Look, it (rise) now

5 I (hear) you: I(knqw) what you (say)

6 The concert (start^&t 7.30 this evening

7 Ann, we (go) to town, (jo v l^ r T ^ w it h us?

8 She^have?) coffee(for^breakfast every morning

9 I (see) that you (wear) your best clothes

10 She sometimes (buy) vegetables at this market

11 S u p p ly th e c o r r e c t v e r b fo rm s : T h e P r e s e n t P e r fe c t o r

P r e s e n t P e r fe c t C o n tin u o u s :

1 I (try) to learn English for years, but I (not succeed) yet

2 Mary (rest) m the garden all day because she (be) ill

3 She (work) so hard this week that (not have) time to go to the movies

4 That book Hie) on the table for weeks You (not read' yet0

5 He (not, be) here ;ince Christmas I wonder where he (live) since then

6 Jack (go) to Pans for a holiday He never (be) there

7 You (sleep) so far? I (ring) the bell for the last twenty minutes

8 He (write) a novel for two years, but he (not finish) it yet

9 Mary (lose) her hat and she (look) for ^ until now

1 0 1 (see) that film several times because I like it

III S u p p ly th e c o r r e c t v e r b fo rjn s: P r e s e n t T en se^

1 Jack ( l o o k ) no trouble with my English lesson up to n o w

2 The weather generally (get) quite hot in July and August.

3 That brown briefcase (belong) to Dr Rice

4 Yes, I (remember) that older fellow’s name now

5 Michael (work) thirty eight hours a week

6 I (be) sorry I (forget) that girl’s name already

7 How many times you (see) him since he went to Edinburgh /

8 Fred’s brother just (graduate) from Oxford University

9 The earth (circle) the sun once every 365 days

10 Up to the present, we (write) almost every lesson in the book

IV Supply the correct verb forms: Simple Past or Pre'sknt

1 We (study) a very hard lesson the day before yesterday

2 I (read) that novel by HemingwayCseveral times before

3 We (study) alm ost every lesson in this book so far

4 My wife and I (travel) to Mexico by air last summer

5 I (have) a little trouble with my car last week

6 What you(do) yesterday?

7 How long you (learn) English?

8 Tom (never be) in Hanoi

9 The plane (stop) at a small town It then (take) off immediately after refuelling

10 She (be) so happy when she (hear) the news that she (cry)

V Supply the correct verb forms : Simple Past or Past Continuous.

1 W hen I (arrive) at his house, he still (sleep)

2 She (water) the flowers in her garden while her next door neighbour (chat) with her over the fence

3 As w e'(cross) th e street, we (sfee) an accident

4 The bell (ring) while Tom (take) a bath

5 She (hear) a noise and (get) out of bed when the door (open)

6 The children (play) football when their mother (come) back

7 Who (be) that man that you (talk) to? I (see) him at the gate when I (come) in.

8 We (wait) for the bus when he (pass) by in his car and (offer) us

a lift

9 I (be) very tired because I (work) all day yesterday

10 When the students (hear) the bell, they (get up) and (leave)

VI Give the right forms o f the verbs in brackets: Sim ple Past or Past Perfect.

1 He (forget) what I (tell) him I (remind) him many times, but

he still (not bring) what I (want)

2 He (ask) me whether I (see) his pen on the table I (tell) him that I (not see) it around

3 If I (wait) only a little while longer, I would have met her I (not see) her since we last (meet) two years ago

4 They (go) home after they (finish) their work

5 W hen we came to the stadium, the match (already, begin)

6 They told me they (not, eat) such kind of food before

7 After they had gone, I (sit) down and (rest)

8 After taking a bath, he (go) to bed

9 W hat (be) he when he (be) young?

10 It was the first time I (ever, see; such a beautiful girl

VII Give the right forms of the verbs in brackets: Past Tenses.

1 The house (be) much smaller than he (think) at first

2 Before you (mention) him, I never (hear) of that author

3 She (win) the gold medal in 1986

4 W hen he (go) to see them last night, they (play) cards They (say) they (play) since six o’clock

5 He (teach) in this school before he (leave) for London

6 Daisy (agree) with other members in the last meeting

7 Our teacher (tell) us yesterday that he (visit) E n g la n d in 197Q

8 While you (play) the piano, I (write) a letter.

9 The little girl (ask) what (happen) to her ice-cream

1 0 1 didn’t recognise Mrs Johnson She (change) a lot

VIII Give the right forms o f the verbs in brackets: Simple Future or Sim ple Present.

1 W'e'll go out when the rain (stop)

2 I (stay) here until he (answer) me

3 Wait until I (catch) you

4 She (not com e) until you (be) ready

5 Miss Helen (help) you as soon as she (finish) that letter tomorrow

6 After the class (be) over, ask the teacher about that sentence

7 I (come) and (see) you before I leave here

8 We (go) hom e as soon as we have finished our work

9 I (wait) here until you (come) back tomorrow

10 I (send) you some postcards as soon as I (arnve) in London

DC Give the right forms o f the verbs in brackets: Simple Present, Sim ple Future, Present Perfect or Future Perfect.

1 I’ll wait until he (finish) his novel

2 W hen you (come) back, he already (buy) a new house

3 Don’t com e until I (finish) lunch

4 I (hope) it (stop) raining by 5 o’clock this afternoon

5 The river (not begin) to swell until some rain (fall)

6 By next m onth I (leave) for India

7 The film (end) by the time we (get) there

8 They (build) a house by June next year

9 We (start) our plan next week

10 I (give) her your letter when I (see) her tomorrow

X Give the right forms of the verbs in brackets: Simple Present, Simple Future or Future Continuous.

1 W hen you (go) into the office, Mr John (sit) at the front desk

2 Our English teach er^ xp lain ) that lesson to u<= tomorrow

3 We (wait) for you when you (get) back tomorrow

4 W hat you (do) at 7 p.m next Sunday9

I (practise) my English lesson then

5 When I (see) Mr Pike tomorrow, I (remind) him of that

6 When you (come) today, I (work) at my desk in Room 12

7 He (work) on the report at this time tomorrow

8 Please wait here until the manager (return)

9 Don’t leave until you (see) her

10 The Browns (do) their housework when you (come) next Sunday

XI Give the right forms o f the verbs in brackets: Future Tenses.

• I,

1 I’ m sure they (complete) the new road by June

2 He (wait) for you when you (get) back tomorrow

3 At this same time tomorrow, we (drive) through Pennsylvania

4 We (see) you next Monday

5 In two years from now, the contract (come) to an end

6 Who (look) after the children when you are awav9

7 By November I (work) for this company for 6 years

8 If you call her at 6, she (practise) the piano then

9 By March 15 I (be) here for one year

10 We (move) to our new house at Christmas this year

11 By the end of December John (work) as a reporter for ten years

12 By the time you arrive, I (finish) writing an essay

1 3 1 (give) him your message when I (see) him

14 He certainly (not do) all his homework by ten tonight

15 Don i call him at Z.3U p.m He (interview) job applicants at that time.

16 The teacher hope we (pass) our exams

17 By this time next week, he (write) his novel for 6 month?

18 They (arrive) on Wednesday

19 I hope the w eath er (be) fine tonight.

20 You (finish) your work by 9 tonight?

X II Supply the correct verb forms:

1 I’m busy at the moment I (redecorate) the sitting room

3 How you (get) that scar9

I (get) it in a car accident a year ago.

m orning” to me.

5 The driver of that car (sound) his horn for the last ten minutes

6 I (teach) hundreds of students but I never (meet) such a hopeless

7 This time next month I (sit) on a beach

8 You (feel) better when you’ve had a meal

9 I am sure that I (recognize) him

10 He (lose) his job last month and since then he (be) out of work

11 I (see) a car accident while I (wait) for you on this corner yesterday

12 Mr Jone (be) principal of our school since last year

13 Violets (bloom -) in Spring

14 W e (not live) in England for two years now

15 I (never forget) what you Oust tell) me

16 They (prepare; the Christmas dinner at the moment

17 W hen 1 last (stay) in Cairo, I (ride) to the Pyramids on a camel that my friend (borrow) the day before

18 George (work) at the university so far

19 When he lived in Manchester, he (work) in a bank

20 Birds (build) their nests in the summer and (flv) to the s o u t h in winter.

21.1 (lose) my key (Can) you help me look for it?

22 My father (not smoke) for 5 years

23 My teacher wasn’t at home when I (arrive) He (just go) out

24 How long Bob and Mary (be) married?

25 You (receive) any letter from your parents yet?

26 My brother (join) the army when he (be) young

27 You (remember) my name or you (forget) it someday?

28 Tom (study) chem istry for three years and then he gave it up

29 Miss Lee often (write) when she was on holiday

30 He (leave) home two weeks ago and we (not hear) from him since then

31 You (speak) to Mrs Baker yesterday?

No, I (not see) her for a long time

I (not can) rem em ber when I last (see) her

32 W hen the teacher came in, the pupils (play) games

33 Columbus (discover) America more than 400 years ago

34 By next month, I (finish) my first novel

35 By May 5, we 0 ive) ui this city for ten years

36 Yesterday the police (report) that they (capture) the thief

37 My friend (thank) me for what I had done for him

38 Someone (steal) my handbag on the bus

39 The Browns (live) m P ans for 7 years when the second World War (break) out

40 Last month I (be) in the hospital for ten days

41 Don't call me in the afternoon I usually (be) aw ay :n the afternoon

42 Mr Clark (be,i n New York 2 months ago Mr Rossi (be) in New York until 2 m onths ago

43 John (drive'' that car ever since I (know) him

44 People (speak) English in most of Canada

45 The doc (wag) his tail whenever he (see) me

16 What you (do) when I (ring) you last night0

47 Up to then I never (see) such a fat man.

48 I (not see) him since last Monday

49 They had sold all the books when we (get) there

50 When your father (die)?

I (not know) when he (die)

51 Bill said he (forget) to buy a dictionary

52 He felt asleep while he (do) his homework

53 We (not see) them for a long time

54 It (rain) when we arrived

55 Kite and I (wait) right here until you get back

56 He’ll leave as soon as he (hear) the news

57 Dick (start) school before he (be) seven

58 How long you (study) in this school?

59 We (not receive) any letter from him since he (leave) four months ago

60 Where are you? I’m upstairs I (have) a bath

61.1 (speak) to you about that matter after the meeting tonight

62 At this time next week, we (live) in USA

63 Hurry up! The train (come)

64 Be quiet! The teacher (be) angry

65 W'hy didn’t you listen while I (speak) to you?

66 Some animals (not eat) during winter

67 I (finish) the book before my next birthday

68 John (watch) TV at 8 last evening

69 Mr Pike (live) here since last October

70 Someone (cut) down all the trees in the garden

71 The house (build) two years ago

72 Listen! The bird (sing)

73 Trees (plant) since it (stop) raining

74 Tom Baker (not com e) here tomorrow

75 By the end of last March, I (study) English for 5 years

76 He often (say) O.K when he (talk) with the guests

77 W hat you (do) after you (go) home yesterday?

78 How long you (wait) for me? Just a few minutes

79 He (do) his homework before he went to the cinema.

80 By noon, I (wait) for her for two hours

81 By the time you come there, she (make) a big cake

82 Yesterday thieves (break) into the house and (steal) a lot of fur coats while the guests (dance)

83 When I came m they all (sit) round the fire Mr Pike (do) a crossword puzzle Mrs Pike (knit), and the others (read)

ft4 Mr Jackson (paint) his house since last month

So. She (ask) me to tell about him several times

86 The audience (listen) to everything he said last night

87 At 4 p.m yesterday? Well, I (work) in my office at that time

88 A: I (play) since you (come) to England?

B: You (play) since you (come) to England?

A: Oh, yes I (play) quite a lot I (join) a club the day after I (arrive)

89 I’ m preparing to support anything he (say) tomorrow

90 Sometimes I (get) up before the sun (rise)

91 He said he (be) mistaken

92 Don’t speak until someone (ask) you

93 Mary (come) from London

94 Please be quiet! I (work)

95 When I (be) a child, I (want) to be a doctor

96 David (be) born after his father (die)

97 Long ago, my younger brother often (cry)

9 8 1 (not send) the parcel until I hear from you

99 The last train (leave) the station at 5 p.m

100 Up to now thp teacher (give) our class five tests

II SEQUENCE OF TENSES

(SV PHOI HOP GIUA CAC THI)

Trong cdu co hai menh de trd len, cac dong tu phdi co

su phoi hop ve thi.

1 Su" phoi hrtp cua cac dong ti/ trong menh de chinh (main clause) va menh de phu (subordinate clause) nhtf sau:

MAIN CLAUSE SUBORDINATE CLAUSE

/ Simple Present Simple Present

Present Perfect r Present Tenses Present Continuous '

Simple Future/ Near FutureSimple Past (neu co thdi gian xac dinh dqua khvi)

2 Sim ple Past Simple Past 'i

Past Perfect r Past TensesPast Continuous

W ould/was going to + V(bare-inf.)

wereSimple Present (neu dien ta mot chan ly)

3 Present Perfect Simple Present

4 Past Perfect Simple Past

Ex: + People have ^.iid that London has fog

+ She says she has finished her homeworK already

+ She said she would visit me again

+ Tom says he will visit me again

+ They had done what was necessary

+ He says he was born in 1980.

+ My teacher said that the sun rises in the East

+ Mary said that she was cooking then

II Stf phoi hcfp cua cac dong tif trong menh de chinh va menh de trang nguf chi thcfi gian (adverbial clause o f time) nhif sau:

MAIN CLAUSE ADVERBIAL CLAUSE OF TIME

1 Present Tenses Present Tenses

2 Past Tenses Past Tenses

3 Future Tenses Present Tenses

* Menh de trang ngvif chi thofi gian thiicfng dtfcfc bat dau vofi cac tif noi nhu’ sau:

when: khi until: cho den khi

whenever: bat ci'1 khi nao - just as: ngay khi

as: khi since: tti khi

while: trong khi no sooner than: ngay khibefore: trUdc khi hardly when: kho khiafter: sau khi as long as: chiing nao, cho

as soon as: ngay khi den khi

till: cho den khi

• Present Tenses: Tat ca cac thi hien tai tuy theo ngU canh cua cdu.

• Past Tenses: Tat ca cac thi qua khu tuy ngU canh.

• Future Tenses: Tat ca cac thi titctng lai tuy ngU canh.

Ex: + He never goes home before he has finished his work

+ I often read a newspaper while I am w aiting for the bus.+ We will go as soon as you have finished vour work

+ It was raining hard when I got there.

+ The train had already left when I arrived at the station,+ Please wait here until I come back

L iiu y : Khong dildc dung thi tUdng lai (Future Tenses) trong cac menh de trang ngii chi thdi gian (co the thay bang thi hien tai)

- Trong tritdng hcfp dung til noi SINCE liCu y:

S + V (present perfect/ present perfect cont.) + since + S + V 2

Ex: + She has played the piano since she was ten years old

+ He has been studying English since she cam e here

EXERCISES

I Supply the correct verb forms:

1 I see that Tom (write) his composition

2 He says that he (look) for a job next week

3 They think he (be) here last night

4 He tells us that he (be) to the mountains before

5 I hoped that he (be) able to attend

6 He wants to do it before his father (come)

7 The student who answered the question (be) John

8 This is the house that Jack (build) three years ago

9 Mary (have) dinner when her friend called

10 John Give) in the same house since he left school

11 Shut all the windows before you (go) out

12 You may begin when you (be) ready

13 He is saving his money so that he (take) a long vacation

14 I see that Henry (write) his com position now

1 5 1 had done what (be) necessary.

16 They have found that the road (be) very long

1 7 1 saw that I (make) a mistake

18 The teacher asked Bill why he (not go) to school the day before

19 We find that we (take) a wrong way.

2 0 1 want to know how long she (live) here

2 1 1 didn’t know who (help) him

22 Do you hear what she (just, say)?

23 Did you hear what she (just, say)?

24 They believe that the police (capture) the thief soon

25 Did John say he (call) you again'7

26 She has thought that the work (be) easy

2 7 1 wonder what changes the new President (introduce)

28 The students had thought that the English test (be) rather difficult

29 He thinks that it (rain) tonight

30 She said that she (get) married soon

II Supply the correct verb forms:

1

Many people who are in London (1) (prefer) to liveoutside it, and to go to their offices, factories or school everyday bytrain, car or bus, even though this means they ( 2 ) (have) toget up earlier in the morning and (3) (reach) hom e later inthe evening One advantage of living outside London ( 4 ) (be)that houses are cheaper Even a small flat in London w ithout agarden ( 5 ) (cost) quite a to rent Then in the country onecan rest from the noise and hurry o f the town Even though one (6) (have) to get up earlier and (7) (spend) tram s orbuses, one can sleep better at night and, during e v e n in g s , one can enjoy the fresh, clean air of the country If one (8) (like)

garden, one can spend one’s free time digging, planting, watering

and one hundred other jobs which (9) (be) needed in a

garden

2

I was walking along the deserted main street of a small seaside town in the north of England looking for somewhere tomake a phone call My car (1) (break) down outside thetown and I wanted to contact the AA The street (2) (run)parallel to the sea and was joined to it by a number of narrow side streets Low grey clouds (3) (drift) across the sky and there(4) (be) a cold damp wind blowing off the sea which nearlythrew me off my feet when I (5) (cross) one of the sidestreets It ( 6 ) (rain) for a long time

Last Sunday, Mrs Hay (1) cU.QY£ (drive) along a small

country road when she (2) (see) a man at the side of theroad He (3) (wave) and pointing at this car Mrs Hay (4) (stop) and ( 5 ) (ask) the man if he ( 6 ) (be) allright “My car’s broken down” , said the man

4

I’d just parked my car in the street near a football stadium

in Liverpool It ( 1 ) (be) ten minutes before the start of thematch and I ( 2 ) (be) in a hurry Two little boys ( 3 ) (come) up to me and ( 4 ) (say), “Give me some money and we(5 ) (look) after your car while you are at the match” I (6) (tell) them to clear off and one of them (7) (look)

at me with big, round eyes and said, “Unless you (8) (give)

us the money, som ething might happen to your car while you are away, you know, a scratch or a flat or something like tjiat.”

It was early evening it (1) (begin) to get dark in thesurgery of Doctor Nigel Harris The young, handsome doctor (2) (stand) looking sadly out of the window when there was aquiet knock at the surgery door The door ( 3 ) (open) and DrHarris ( 4 ) (turn) round to see the young girl who had justentered the room She was very beautiful W ith a sad smile the doctor ( 5 ) (ask), “Are you the new n u rse?’

6

After (1) Qeave) school when she was 18, Laura (2) (go) to Bristol university for three years W hile she (3) (be) at university, Laura (4) (join) a university folkgroup and started singing It was at this time that she (5) .(write) her famous song “The Price of Peace”

7.

My name is Lynne Carter I work for a travel com pany called Timeways Travel I’ve been a travel agent for six years now I (1) (be) a manager of Timeways Travel London office I (2) (have) this job for three years I’ve got a new flat in London

I (3) Qive) there for six months My boyfriend’s nam e isBruno W e (4) (know) each other for two years Bruno isItalian, but he (5) Give) in England for over five years, heworks for BBC studio He ( 6 ) (have) this job for a year

8

Today there (1) (be) more than 3,000 different (2) (speak) languages m the world English (3) (be) themost widely spoken language, over 350 million people (4) .(speak) it but more people speak C hirose You may wonder why

English (5) (more widely/speak) although more peoplespeak Chinese This is because people who (6) (speak)Chinese are found in China but English (7) (speak) bypeople ( 8 ) (find) in almost every corner of the world.

9

I work up when I (1) (hear) a noise downstairs I (2) (get) out of bed quietly because my wife (3) (still/sleep) and ( 4 ) (go) to the top of the stairs It was dark, but Icould see two men downstairs in the livingroom They (5) .(try) to open the safe W hen I ( 6 ) (switch on) the light, thetwo men (7) (run) in to the kitchen and (8) (escape)out of the back door Then, before I ( 9 ) (have) a chance to do

anything I ( 10) (hear) a police car pull up outside the

house A neighbour of mine (11) (see) the men breakinginto my house and ( 1 2 ) (phone) the police

10.

Ronnie has had a busy day He has been making a lot ofpreparations He (1) (wake) up early, went to a rent-a-caroffice, and ( 2 ) (hire) a new car Then, after a quick breakfast,

he (3) (go) to John’s house, borrowed a long ladder, which

he ( 4 ) (put) on the roof of the car, and ( 5 ) : (drive) towork During his coffee break, he (6) (make) a copy ofcertificate, and before he (7) (have) lunch, he visited thebank and (8) (close) his account After lunch, he just (9) (have) the travel agent’s book a hotel room

11.

Smoking (1) (cause) lung cancer Lung cancer is thenumber one cancer am ong men Ninety percent of the p*eople who

(2) (get) lung cancer (3) (die) Smokers have sixtime as much cancer of the mouth, tongue, and throat asnonsmokers Smoking (4) (give) people breathing problems.

It also (5) (harm) the stomach Smoking causes onemillion yearly deaths in the world every year Throughout theworld, women (6) (live) longer W hy? Because men (7) (smoke) more All of these facts from research (8) .(show) that smoking is bad So why people (9) (smoke)?Young people start smoking because everyone else (10) .(smoke) They feel grown up and independent

so he (4) Oeam) it for nearly 10 years He just (5) .(take) an exam If he passes, he ^6) (move) into the nextclass He (7) (be) excited today because his parents (8) (come) tomorrow to stay with him for a few days

14

Shortly after the war my brother and I ( 1 ) (invite) (2) (spend) a few days’ holiday with an uncle who (3) .(just/return) from abroad He (4) (rent) a cottage m thecountry, although he rarely ( 5 ) (spend) much time there

We (6) (understand) the reason for this after ourarrival The cottage (7) (have) no comfortable furniture in

it, many of the windows (8) (break) and the roof ( 9 ) (leak), making the whole house damp

15

Maria Fernandez is Spanish She lives in Madrid, where she( 1 ) (work) for an export company She ( 2 ) (be) withthis company for two years now At the moment she (3) .(study) English on a one month intensive course in London She( 4 ) (be) in London for one week now She ( 5 ) (arrive)there last Saturday This is not M aria’s first time in Britain She( 6 ) (be) there twice before

16

I (1) (sit) in the big chair in Henry’s barber’s shop atthat time Henry (2) (cut) my hair with his big pair ofscissors when we heard the sound of horses outside The noise wassoloud that we ( 3 ) (go) over to the window to look Throughthe window we could see at least twenty gunr.on ridmg into town.Henry im m ediately (4) (go) over to his desk and (5) (put) on his gun and sheriffs badge

17

The last time I went to London, I (1) (not have) time

to visit all the places I ( 2 ) (want) to see This time 1 hope to

do better I (3) (be) able to find my way, of course, and 1soon ( 4 ) (get) to know where the mam streets and the mostfamous building were But I had no time to go inside and (5) (have) a good look at them I think I (6) (spend) aday at W estm inter If I can (7) (go) to the houses ofParliament of course I can spend quite a long time in W estm inter

Abbey and (8) (learn) about all the interesting thingsthere The parks (9) (be) worth a longer visit too I thinkthe one I (10) (like) best is Kensington Gardens, but theyare all beautiful in their own way.

18

Sometimes dreams are frightening Terrible creatures (1) (threaten) and (2) (pursue) us Som etim es, indreams wishes (3) (come) true At other times we aretroubled by dreams in which everything (4) (be) confused

We are lost and can’t find our way home The world seem s to (5) (be) turned upside-down and nothing makes sense Indreams, we ( 6 ) (act) very strangely W e do things we never(7) (do) when we are awake We (8) (think) and (9) (say) things we would not say W hy ( 1 0 ) (be) dreams

so strange? W here do dreams com e from?

19

Mary ( 1 ) (have) to go to New York last week, but shealmost (2) (miss) the plane She (3) (stand) in thequeue at the check-in desk when she suddenly ( 4 ) (realize)that she ( 5 ) (leave) her passport at home Fortunately, she(6) (not live) very far from the airport so she (7) .(have) time to go back hom e to get the passport She (8) .(get) back to the airport just in time for her flight