Lý thuyết và bài tập về các loại câu so sánh trong tiếng Anh. Chia làm 2 phần, for teacher (có đáp án) và for students (không có đáp án). Dành cho ôn thi học sinh giỏi trung học phổ thông và học sinh ôn thi tuyển sinh.
Trang 1I FORMATION:
A Complete the following table.
tall
short
big
red
clean
quiet
clever
gentle
narrow
happy
gay
old
beautiful
intelligent
good
bad
little
many
much
forth
far
NOTES:
1 So sánh bằng nhau của danh từ:
the same + noun + as
- The high school is in the same building as the elementary school
- He came at the same time as I did
2 So sánh với những từ: similar, like, alike, different.
A and B are alike (similar / different)
- My car and yours are alike (similar)
- My car and yours are different
A is like B
A is similar to B
A is different from B
- My car is like yours (My car is similar to yours.)
- My car is different from yours
3 So sánh không ngang bằng:
not so + adjective + as not as + adjective + as
- French is not so difficult as English
French is not as difficult as English
4 So sánh KÉM nhau:
less + adjective + than
Trang 2- This car is less expensive than that one
= This car is not so expensive as that one
= This car is cheaper than that one
5 So sánh KÉM NHẤT:
the least + adjective
- This is the least beautiful building in the city
II STRUCTURES OF COMPARISOM:
1 Càng ngày càng … hơn / Mỗi lúc một …… hơn.
a) Adj.-ER and Adj.-ER b) more and more + Adj.
- The weather gets warm er and warm er.
- He is more and more studious
2 Càng ngày càng ít ……… / Càng ngày càng kém ………
less and less + Adj.
- Her grandfather becomes less and less strong
- She is less and less joyful
3 Càng ………… thì càng ………
a) The + Adj.-ER + Subject + Verb, the + Adj.-ER + Subject + Verb b) The + more +Adj + Subject + Verb, the + more +Adj + Subject + Verb c) The more + Subject + verb + (Object), the more + Subject + verb + (Object)
- The darker it gets, the colder it is
- The more beautiful she is, the more miserable her husband is
- The more I hate him, the more he likes me (So sánh của động từ)
Notes:
- The richer he is, the more miserable he gets
- The more she smiles, the more graceful she is
- The more he worked, the richer he was
4 Càng ít … thì càng ít / Càng kém … thì càng kém
a) The less + Adj + Subject + Verb, the less + Adj + Subject + Verb b) The less + Subject + verb + (Object), the less + Subject + verb + (Object)
- The less cold it is, the less well I am
- The less he cuts school, the less they hate him
5 Hơn là = RATHER THAN
- I drink water rather than coffee
- We want to be poor rather than rich
6 Thích … hơn = WOULD RATHER / HAD RATHER
- We had rather go to the theater (than to the cinema.)
- He would rather play (than work.)
7 Khác = OTHER … THAN …
- I want to read other novels than these
- I have no friends than you
Trang 31 Jane is the of the two sisters
2 Michael is the member of the team
3 Tim is I am
4 This box is than that one
A more heavy B heavy C the more heavier D heavier
5 He ran than his friend
6 He was only nine, but he ate his father did
7 Who is , David or John?
8 Mr Brown returned home as as he could
9 David is short He is not to be a policeman
A so tall B tall enough C quite tall D tall that
10 This is elephant I have ever seen
A the most big B most big C the bigger D the biggest
11 Janet prefers singing dancing
12 Lit is two years than Jane
13 Which woman are you going to vote for? - I'm not sure Everyone says that Joan is
A smartest B more smart C the smartest D more smarter
14 No machines are computers in our modern time
A as effective as B as effective so C as effective than D more effective than
15 I would rather wait here the bus
A than risking to miss B as risk missing C than risk missing D better than to risk missing
16 people use their computers, self-confident they become
C The more/the more D More and more/more and more
17 Inside, the old house was a church
A as darker than B darker than D darker that D as dark that
18 My car is hers
A cheaper and more convenient than B more cheap and convenient than
C more cheaper and convenient as D as cheap and more convenient than
19 His sister is than his wife
A more prettier B prettier C very pretty D most pretty
20 He was
A more greatly disappointed as we thought B more disappointed greatly than we thought
C more greatly disappointed than we thought D the more greatly disappointed than we thought
21 "That's a nice bike."
"We bought one we could find because we don't plan to use it very much
A cheapest B a cheapest C the cheapest D of cheapest
22 He prefers playing football tennis
23 This bicycle is not that one
A as expensive so B so expensive as C expensive alike D so expensive like
24 There are fewer dogs in Cardiff
A than Bristol B than in Bristol C as Bristol D as Bristol as
25 This film was the one we saw last night
A as funnier as B as the funniest than C funnier than D more funny than
Trang 426 Look at these two beautiful vases Which do you like ?
27 He is
A taller than anyone else in the team B so tall as anyone else in the team
C more tall than anyone in the team D the tallest as anyone in the team
28 Eloise has Chantal
A more money than B much money than C as many as D as much money than
29 It was I thought
A more later than B much later than C a little more late D much more later than
30 The tusk of a mastodon is
A the bigger than that of an elephant B bigger than of an elephant
C bigger than that of an elephant D bigger than of an elephant's
31 The more we travel,
A the more we get knowledge B the more knowledge do we get
C the more knowledge we get D the most knowledge we get
32 We should walk fast It gets
A dark and dark B darker and darker C darkest and darkest D the darker and darker
33 The new dictionary gives us
A more information than the old one B more information than the old
C information more than the old one D information much more the old one
34 I spend
A time on homework less than you do B time on homework less than you are
C less time on homework than you do D less time on homework than you are
35 We became by his selfish behavior
A more irritated than B much than irritated
C much and more irritated D more and more irritated
36 Among the students that Mr Pike has ever taught, Peter is
37 After he has got his Bachelor Degree, he can earn he used to
A twice as much as B twice as many as C as much twice as D as much as twice
38 Your car is mine
A same with B the same to C the same as D as same as
39 Today, industry turns out products at speed and with labor to meet the demands
of the increasing population
A more than / the greatest / least B more / greater / less
C as much as / greatest / the less D as many as / more greater / less
40 This is I have ever heard
A more exciting story than B so exciting story as
C the most exciting story that D most exciting story
41 His new digital camera is that one
A far expensive than B many more expensive than
C far more expensive than D much expensive more than
42 I am not so good at math Mary
43 ., the more we try to solve it
A The most difficult the problem is B The more difficult the problem is
C The most difficult is the problem D More and more difficult the problem is
44 live in Washington as in New York
A Not so many people B Not as much people C More people D Not more people
45 The less you spend,
A the most you save B as most as you save C more you save D the more you save
46 Rivers carry to the sea
A more calcium with chloride B as calcium as chloride
C much calcium than chloride D more calcium than chloride
47 The oceans contain about
A more forty-six times chloride than calcium B forty-six times more chloride than calcium
C more chloride than calcium forty-six times D forty-six times much chloride than calcium
Trang 548 San Francisco ……… Los Angeles.
A is so big as B is not so big as C is less big as D is not so more big as
49 Russian is ……… language to learn than English is
A a more difficult B the most difficult C a least difficult D difficult
50 The flowers of alpine pastures are ………
A more colorful than the lowlands B more colorful than that of the lowlands
C more colorful than those of the lowlands D more colorful than the lowlands'
51 His house is ……… mine
A larger and more expensive than B more large and expensive than
C large and expensive more than D more expensive and larger than
52 Of fifty-two states in the US, Alaska is ………
53 Ho Chi Minh City is much ……… Hanoi capital
54 Australia is the ……… continent in the world
A smallest B more small C most small D as small as
55 Living in the countryside is ……… than in cities
A as peaceful B most peaceful C more peaceful D least peaceful
56 Your car is in ……… condition than mine
57 That was the ……… day in my life
58 His sister doesn't cook ……… his mother
A as bad as B as good as C as quick as D as well as
59 She is the ……… beautiful girl I have ever met
60 The Queen of England is one of the ……… women in the world
61 I'm sorry I'm late It took me ……… to get here than I expected
62 Her illness was ……… we first thought
A so fatal as B more severe than C more serious than D the most important as
63 Health and happiness are ……… money
A more importantly than B more important than
64 We often go camping when we go on holiday because it's ……… than staying in a hotel
A much cheaper B more cheaper C less cheaper D least cheaper
65 Please let me know immediately if you hear any ……… news
66 There were ……… people at this meeting than at the last one
67 That house over there is the ……… building in the town
68 What's the ……… film you've ever seen?
69 What's the ……… river in the world?
70 I stayed in one of the ……… rooms in the hotel
71 His bicycle is ………
C much better than she is D much better than hers
72 Let's walk It's just ……… taking the bus
A as quick as B so fast as C as soon as D as early as
73 There's plenty of food, so eat ……… you like
A as many as B as much as C as lot as D as great as
74 The US spends ……… the UK
Trang 6A more on food than B much on food than C as many food as D less food as than
75 ……… contribution to architecture is skyscrapers
A America's the more unique B America's the most unique
C America's as much as unique D America's most unique
76 Summer is usually ……… time of the year
A the drier B so dry as C the most dry D the driest
77 The Japanese use seven times ……… for food as Americans do
78 I think we cannot find places in a big city that are ……… the country
A so quiet as B as quiet as C as and as quiet D more and more quiet
79 ………, the less she talks
80 He plays the guitar ……… my brother
A as well as B as good as C as better thanD so good as
Exercise 2: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that means exactly the same as the sentence given.
1 I'd rather stay at home than go to see that film
> Staying at home is better than going to see that film
2 Nam was shorter than he is today
> Nam wasn't so (as) tall as he is today
3 Have you got a cheaper watch than this?
> Is this the cheapest watch you have got?
4 He drives more carelessly than he used to
> He doesn't drive as (so) carefully as he used to
5 Mum doesn't speak English as well as Dad does
> Dad speaks English better than Mum does
6 No one in the class is taller than Dave
> Dave is the tallest in the class
7 Julia is shorter than her sister
> Julia's sister is taller than Julia
> Julia's sister is not so short as Julia (is)
8 My kitchen is smaller than yours
> Your kitchen is bigger than mine is
> Your kitchen is not as small as mine is
9 I've never read a better book than this
> This is the best book I've ever read
10 Ann is a better cook than Peter
> Peter can't cook as well as Ann (can/does)
11 Minh is better at Chemistry than Hung
> Hung is worse at Chemistry than Minh
> Hung is not as good at Chemistry as Minh
12 Jane can swim further than I can
> I can't swim as far as Jane can
13 He prefers golf to tennis
> He'd rather play golf than tennis
14 I can't cook as well as my mother does
> My mother cooks better than I do
> My mother is a better cook than I am
Trang 7For Students PRACTICE
1 Jane is the of the two sisters
2 Michael is the member of the team
3 Tim is I am
4 This box is than that one
A more heavy B heavy C the more heavier D heavier
5 He ran than his friend
6 He was only nine, but he ate his father did
7 Who is , David or John?
8 Mr Brown returned home as as he could
9 David is short He is not to be a policeman
A so tall B tall enough C quite tall D tall that
10 This is elephant I have ever seen
A the most big B most big C the bigger D the biggest
11 Janet prefers singing dancing
12 Lit is two years than Jane
13 Which woman are you going to vote for? I'm not sure Everyone says that Joan is
A smartest B more smart C the smartest D more smarter
14 No machines are computers in our modern time
A as effective as B as effective so C as effective than D more effective than
15 I would rather wait here the bus
A than risking to miss B as risk missing C than risk missing D better than to risk missing
16 people use their computers, self-confident they become
C The more/the more D More and more/more and more
17 Inside, the old house was a church
A as darker than B darker than D darker that D as dark that
18 My car is hers
A cheaper and more convenient than B more cheap and convenient than
C more cheaper and convenient as D as cheap and more convenient than
19 His sister is than his wife
A more prettier B prettier C very pretty D most pretty
20 He was
A more greatly disappointed as we thought B more disappointed greatly than we thought
C more greatly disappointed than we thought D the more greatly disappointed than we thought
21 "That's a nice bike."
"We bought one we could find because we don't plan to use it very much
A cheapest B a cheapest C the cheapest D of cheapest
22 He prefers playing football tennis
23 This bicycle is not that one
A as expensive so B so expensive as C expensive alike D so expensive like
24 There are fewer dogs in Cardiff
A than Bristol B than in Bristol C as Bristol D as Bristol as
25 This film was the one we saw last night
A as funnier as B as the funniest than C funnier than D more funny than
26 Look at these two beautiful vases Which do you like ?
Trang 8A most B better C more than D best
27 He is
A taller than anyone else in the team B so tall as anyone else in the team
C more tall than anyone in the team D the tallest as anyone in the team
28 Eloise has Chantal
A more money than B much money than C as many as D as much money than
29 It was I thought
A more later than B much later than C a little more late D much more later than
30 The tusk of a mastodon is
A the bigger than that of an elephant B bigger than of an elephant
C bigger than that of an elephant D bigger than of an elephant's
31 The more we travel,
A the more we get knowledge B the more knowledge do we get
C the more knowledge we get D the most knowledge we get
32 We should walk fast It gets
A dark and dark B darker and darker C darkest and darkest D the darker and darker
33 The new dictionary gives us
A more information than the old one B more information than the old
C information more than the old one D information much more the old one
34 I spend
A time on homework less than you do B time on homework less than you are
C less time on homework than you do D less time on homework than you are
35 We became by his selfish behavior
A more irritated than B much than irritated
C much and more irritated D more and more irritated
36 Among the students that Mr Pike has ever taught, Peter is
37 After he has got his Bachelor Degree, he can earn he used to
A twice as much as B twice as many as C as much twice as D as much as twice
38 Your car is mine
A same with B the same to C the same as D as same as
39 Today, industry turns out products at speed and with labor to meet the demands
of the increasing population
A more than / the greatest / least B more / greater / less
C as much as / greatest / the less D as many as / more greater / less
40 This is I have ever heard
A more exciting story than B so exciting story as
C the most exciting story that D most exciting story
41 His new digital camera is that one
A far expensive than B many more expensive than
C far more expensive than D much expensive more than
42 I am not so good at math Mary
43 ., the more we try to solve it
A The most difficult the problem is B The more difficult the problem is
C The most difficult is the problem D More and more difficult the problem is
44 live in Washington as in New York
A Not so many people B Not as much people C More people D Not more people
45 The less you spend,
A the most you save B as most as you save C more you save D the more you save
46 Rivers carry to the sea
A more calcium with chloride B as calcium as chloride
C much calcium than chloride D more calcium than chloride
47 The oceans contain about
A more forty-six times chloride than calcium B forty-six times more chloride than calcium
C more chloride than calcium forty-six times D forty-six times much chloride than calcium
48 San Francisco ……… Los Angeles
Trang 9A is so big as B is not so big as C is less big as D is not so more big as
49 Russian is ……… language to learn than English is
A a more difficult B the most difficult C a least difficult D difficult
50 The flowers of alpine pastures are ………
A more colorful than the lowlands B more colorful than that of the lowlands
C more colorful than those of the lowlands D more colorful than the lowlands'
51 His house is ……… mine
A larger and more expensive than B more large and expensive than
C large and expensive more than D more expensive and larger than
52 Of fifty-two states in the US, Alaska is ………
53 Ho Chi Minh City is much ……… Hanoi capital
54 Australia is the ……… continent in the world
A smallest B more small C most small D as small as
55 Living in the countryside is ……… than in cities
A as peaceful B most peaceful C more peaceful D least peaceful
56 Your car is in ……… condition than mine
57 That was the ……… day in my life
58 His sister doesn't cook ……… his mother
A as bad as B as good as C as quick as D as well as
59 She is the ……… beautiful girl I have ever met
60 The Queen of England is one of the ……… women in the world
61 I'm sorry I'm late It took me ……… to get here than I expected
62 Her illness was ……… we first thought
A so fatal as B more severe than C more serious than D the most important as
63 Health and happiness are ……… money
A more importantly than B more important than
64 We often go camping when we go on holiday because it's ……… than staying in a hotel
A much cheaper B more cheaper C less cheaper D least cheaper
65 Please let me know immediately if you hear any ……… news
66 There were ……… people at this meeting than at the last one
67 That house over there is the ……… building in the town
68 What's the ……… film you've ever seen?
69 What's the ……… river in the world?
70 I stayed in one of the ……… rooms in the hotel
71 His bicycle is ………
C much better than she is D much better than hers
72 Let's walk It's just ……… taking the bus
A as quick as B so fast as C as soon as D as early as
73 There's plenty of food, so eat ……… you like
A as many as B as much as C as lot as D as great as
74 The US spends ……… the UK
A more on food than B much on food than C as many food as D less food as than
Trang 1075 ……… contribution to architecture is skyscrapers.
A America's the more unique B America's the most unique
C America's as much as unique D America's most unique
76 Summer is usually ……… time of the year
A the drier B so dry as C the most dry D the driest
77 The Japanese use seven times ……… for food as Americans do
78 I think we cannot find places in a big city that are ……… the country
A so quiet as B as quiet as C as and as quiet D more and more quiet
79 ………, the less she talks
80 He plays the guitar ……… my brother
A as well as B as good as C as better thanD so good as
Exercise 2: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that means exactly the same as the sentence given.
1 I'd rather stay at home than go to see that film
> Staying _
2 Nam was shorter than he is today.
> Nam wasn't .
3 Have you got a cheaper watch than this?
> Is this ?
4 He drives more carelessly than he used to
> He doesn't _
5 Mum doesn't speak English as well as Dad does
> Dad
6 No one in the class is taller than Dave
> Dave _
7 Julia is shorter than her sister
> Julia's sister _
> Julia's sister is not so short as Julia (is)
8 My kitchen is smaller than yours
> Your kitchen _
> Your kitchen _
9 I've never read a better book than this
> This
10 Ann is a better cook than Peter
> Peter can't _
11 Minh is better at Chemistry than Hung
> Hung _
> Hung _
12 Jane can swim further than I can
> I can't _
13 He prefers golf to tennis
> He'd
14 I can't cook as well as my mother does
> My mother _
> My mother _