The infinitive 'to' + the present form of the verb is used: 1.. Infinitive without 'to' present form of the verb is used: 1.. After 'make' and 'let' Gerunds and infinitives Special
Trang 1Gerunds and infinitives
Student's name _ Date _
The gerund (verb in the present form + 'ing') is used:
1. After prepositions and adverbs
2. After certain verbs
3. As subject or object of a sentence
4. After some expressions and verbs which are followed by the preposition 'to'
The infinitive ('to' + the present form of the verb) is used:
1. After certain verbs
2. After some verbs followed by an object (sb/sth)
3. After some certain adjectives
4. To express purpose
5. After questions words (how, where etc.) and compounds of 'some' and 'any' (somebody, nothing etc.)
Infinitive without 'to' (present form of the verb) is used:
1. After modal and auxiliary verbs
2. After 'make' and 'let'
Gerunds and infinitives Special Cases
* Begin, continue and start
These verbs can be followed by both gerund and infinitive except in the present
continuous
form, where the infinitive must be used
It started raining. or
It started to rain
Look! It's starting to rain!
** Stop
Stop + Gerund = Finish one action
She's angry with me and has stopped talking to me
Stop + Infinitive = Stop one action and start another
I saw Jane and she stopped to talk to me. (she stopped walking and we started chatting)
Trang 2*** Try
Try + Gerund = What you do to get what you want
I wanted to improve my English so I tried having private classes
Try + Infinitive = Your objective, what you want to do
I tried to learn English but I didn't have enough time to study properly
In the continuous tenses, the infinitive is used
He's been trying to learn the piano
**** Help (sb) and ask (sb)
Help + sb. can be followed by infinitive or infinitive without 'to'
He helped me tidy up the room. or
He helped me to tidy up the room
If there is no direct object (sb) then infinitive without 'to' is more natural
He helped tidy up the room
*5 Remember & forget
Remember / forget + Gerund = Sth which happened before or in the past
I remember having to wake up very early when I was at school
I'll never forget arriving at work for the first time
Remember / forget + Infinitive = Sth which happened after or will happen in the future
Please remember to buy some more sugar when you go to the supermarket
Don't forget to pay the electricity bill tomorrow
*6 Need
If a person is the subject of the sentence, the infinitive is used:
John needs to take his cat to the vet's
If a thing is the subject of the sentence, the gerund is more common
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Gerunds and infinitives
Student's name _ Date _
Verb patterns
Here is a list of the verbs and expressions and the form which any verb which follows them should take:
Here are examples of the three forms using the verb 'to do'
Gerund = doing Infinitive = to do Infinitive without 'to' = do
WITHOUT 'TO' Prepositions and
adverbs
verbs
Expressions and
Verb as subject or
object of a sentence
Trang 4Viv Quarry's intermediate grammar practice
Gerunds and infinitives exercises
Answer these questions using the verbs given:
Example: Why does Tom go to the cinema so often? He likes watching films on a big screen
Why does Ann watch tv so often? (enjoy) She _
Why does Jack take so many photos? (like) _
Why don't you work in the evenings? (hate) _
Put the verb into the correct form using a gerund or infinitive
Example: I enjoy being (be) alone
Would you like to come (come) to a party?
It shouldn't be difficult to talk to John. Have you tried (phone) him at home?
I wouldn't like (live) here. There's nothing (do) at night!
My boss always expects me (arrive) at work early
Would you mind (open) the window? It's very hot in here
Ann began (wash) up after she'd finished (cook)
I can't stand people (tell) me what to do when I'm driving
Did you forget (post) my letter?
I'm looking forward to (go) to Bahia
When (work) at home, I need (have) complete silence
We tried (put) the fire out but we weren't successful
That's strange! I don't remember (lend) you my notebook
Make your own sentences using one of the verbs below in each sentence
be surprised can't stand let sb (don't) like make sb
My mother
Trang 5Back to grammar worksheets
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