Read these sentences: Ex: I rarely write letters to my friends and I take a long time to reply.. I wrote back only last week because John came up with a great suggestion.. Complex senten
Trang 1SIMPLE STRUCTURES have a simple structure They only have one clause which must include,
at least, one subject and one predicate They may also (and often do) include an object or a complement.
Ex: I love computers.
Rule: subject (I) + predicate (love) + object (computers)
COMPOUND SENTENCES AND COMPLEX SENTENCES have more than one clause.
Compound sentences – in these sentences, the clauses are independent; they may be
understood alone Read these sentences:
Ex: I rarely write letters to my friends and I take a long time to reply.
I wrote back only last week because John came up with a great suggestion.
Note: you may use the two clauses in one sentence or may separate them and use them in two independent sentences (Ex: I rarely write letters to my friends I take a long time to reply).
Complex sentences – in these sentences, there is one main clause and, at least, one subordinate
clause The subordinate clause makes no sense without the main clause: “… because John came
up with a great suggestion.” – cannot be understood without the main clause: “I wrote back only last week…”
Note: We use certain words to relate the clauses in complex or compound sentences These words
are called CONNECTORS.
Coordinating connectors:
AND - Ex: I rarely write letters to my friends and I take a long time to reply.
BUT – Ex: I like getting letters but I don’t like writing them.
OR - EX: You can write a letter or send an email.
SO - EX: I don’t have a computer, so I used a pen and writing paper.
Subordinating connectors:
BECAUSE – EX: I wrote back only last week because John came up with a great
suggestion.
ALTHOUGH – EX: Although email is quick, I prefer snail mail.
WHEN – EX: He stopped seeing his friends when he bought the computer.
AS LONG AS – EX: You may use my computer as long as you are careful.
SIMPLE STRUCTURES have a simple structure They only have one clause which must include,
at least, one subject and one predicate They may also (and often do) include an object or a complement
Ex: I love computers.
Rule: subject (I) + predicate (love) + object (computers)
COMPOUND SENTENCES AND COMPLEX SENTENCES have more than one clause.
Compound sentences – in these sentences, the clauses are independent; they may be understood alone Read these sentences:
Ex: I rarely write letters to my friends and I take a long time to reply.
I wrote back only last week because John came up with a great suggestion.
Note: you may use the two clauses in one sentence or may separate them and use them in two independent sentences (Ex: I rarely write letters to my friends I take a long time to reply).
Complex sentences – in these sentences, there is one main clause and, at least, one subordinate clause The subordinate clause makes no sense without the main clause: “… because John came
up with a great suggestion.” – cannot be understood without the main clause: “I wrote back only last week…”
Note: We use certain words to relate the clauses in complex or compound sentences These words are called CONNECTORS
Coordinating connectors :
AND - Ex: I rarely write letters to my friends and I take a long time to reply.
BUT – Ex: I like getting letters but I don’t like writing them.
OR - EX: You can write a letter or send an email.
SO - EX: I don’t have a computer, so I used a pen and writing paper.
Subordinating connectors :
BECAUSE – EX: I wrote back only last week because John came up with a great suggestion.
ALTHOUGH – EX: Although email is quick, I prefer snail mail.
WHEN – EX: He stopped seeing his friends when he bought the computer.
AS LONG AS – EX: You may use my computer as long as you are careful.
Trang 2Correlative connectors:
BOTH … AND … - EX: Both email and snail mail are used to communicate NEITHER … NOR …- EX: The envelopes are neither on the desk nor in the
drawer.
Exercises:
Join the following pairs of sentences, using a suitable coordinating connector:
I like writing letters I do it every week.
She doesn’t have a pen friend She would like to have one.
I’m not a computer fan I want to learn to use the email.
You can write me a letter You can phone me, instead.
Robert’s mother is a computer expert She is going to teach him to use the email.
Fill the banks in the sentences with an adequate subordinating connector:
The internet is appealing _you can learn about lots of subject.
He pressed Enter he finished the letter.
Most schools have computers _ they are expensive equipment Computers are helpful you don’t get obsessed by them.
Correlative connectors:
BOTH … AND … - EX: Both email and snail mail are used to communicate NEITHER … NOR …- EX: The envelopes are neither on the desk nor in the drawer.
Exercises:
Join the following pairs of sentences, using a suitable coordinating connector :
I like writing letters I do it every week.
She doesn’t have a pen friend She would like to have one.
I’m not a computer fan I want to learn to use the email.
You can write me a letter You can phone me, instead.
Robert’s mother is a computer expert She is going to teach him to use the email.
Fill the banks in the sentences with an adequate subordinating connector :
The internet is appealing _you can learn about lots of subject.
He pressed Enter he finished the letter.
Most schools have computers _ they are expensive equipment Computers are helpful you don’t get obsessed by them.