Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh

Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh

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1 Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.

The grasshopper is an insect found in all but the most frigid parts of the world There are two main types of grasshoppers: long-horned grasshoppers and short-horned grasshoppers The insects are distinguished by the length of their antennae, or feelers, which can be called horns as well Short-horned grasshoppers are also known as locusts Most grasshoppers start laying eggs in the late summer and early fall The eggs hatch the following spring Unlike most insects, newborn grasshoppers resemble adults, except for the absence of wings In the second month of life, a young grasshopper sheds its shell and grows a new one several times This process, called molting, is the transition from youth to adulthood

Grasshoppers spend their time in fields and meadows eating the leaves of plants and trees Some varieties are particular about what they eat, but most will consume anything they can find At times they may destroy whole crops of grain, especially as swarms of locusts In the western United States, grasshoppers destroy several million dollars worth

of crops every year, despite efforts by farmers to control them with chemicals

1 What is the main subject of this passage?

A Insects of the world B Characteristics of grasshoppers

C Cold-weather insects D The horns of the grasshoppers

2 According to the passage, grasshoppers do not survive well _

A unless the temperature is quite frigid

B if the two types share the same habitat

C without the use of antennae

D in extremely cold areas

3 According to the passage, how can we distinguish grasshoppers?

A By the length of their feelers B By the number of horns

C By the shape of their wings D By the size of their bodies

4 It can be inferred from the passage that grasshopper eggs _

A are uniform in size B are laid in early spring

C require several months to hatch D have very soft shells

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5 According to the passage, which of the following most commonly destroy crops?

A Misuses of chemicals

B Short-horned grasshoppers

C Swarms of long-horned grasshoppers

D Field and meadow insects

Regulations for the road user at railway level crossing

1 Approach a level crossing at a moderate speed and cross it with care Do not cross too slowly Never drive over it too close to another vehicle Never drive on to one unless you can see the road is clear on the other side Never stop on or immediately beyond any level crossing

2 Many level crossings have gates operated automatically or by an attendant Some also have orange lights followed by flashing red “Stop” lights Do not pass the lights once they show If there are no lights at all, stop when the gates begin to close

3 There are some unattended level crossings with gates which road users have to open themselves, “Stop” signs, and small red and green lights Do not cross when the red light

is showing, as a train is coming There is a special railway telephone, and if you are driving a very large or slow-moving vehicle, or are on foot with animals, you must first telephone the nearest station to make sure it is safe for you to cross Open both gates before you cross and close them after you When you have crossed, telephone the station

to let them know you are over

4 Some other unattended level crossings have gates but have no red lights At such crossings, stop, look both ways, listen and make sure there is no train coming If there is a special railway telephone, first telephone to make sure it is safe for you to cross Before you cross with a vehicle or with animals, open the gates on both sides wide, and then check once again that no train is coming Drive your vehicle or animals right across and well clear of the crossing and then close both gates

1 All the level crossings described in the passage have _

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C telephones D gates

2 According to the instructions, you should cross all level crossings _

A without hesitating

B in a vehicle

C as cautiously as possible

D as far as possible from the car in front

3 You should never drive on to any level crossing if _

A another vehicle is approaching

B the exit isn’t clear

C the attendant has not operated the lights

D a green light is flashing

4 At a crossing with gates you open yourself you are told to telephone the station if _

A a red light is showing B your car breaks down close to it

C you are driving a very large vehicle D you have not closed the gates

5 Imagine you are going to drive across an unattended level crossing which has no lights at all What is the final thing you must do before actually crossing?

A Open the near gate wide B Look to see if a train is coming

C Telephone the nearest station D Listen for any animals approaching

PURE SCIENCE AND APPLIED SCIENCE

Many of the latest scientific accomplishments fall in the realm of “pure” science This

is research for the sack of increasing man’s knowledge without concern about how the knowledge is going to be used In contrast with pure science is “applied” science The production of synthetic diamonds is an example of applied science In applied science the facts and principles of pure science are used in the solution of a problem which was or will have immediate economic and social importance

Often in the past, applied science has gone far ahead of pure science Its practical applications have been used for man’s good even before the basic facts and principles

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were understood For example, the telegraph, telephone and electric motor, which could not work without electrons, were invented before man discovered the electron People were vaccinated long before viruses were investigated Chemicals like sulfuric acid and soda were manufactured long before man began to understand the nature of the atom Today, however, if applied science is to grow it must depend more and more on, increased knowledge of pure sciences

1 The aim of pure science is _

A to promote the production of pure chemical

B to solve practical problems of everyday life

C to develop human knowledge of general principles of science

D to apply scientific facts to the invention of electronic devices

2 Applied science has _

A made our lives more comfortable with the understanding of basic scientific theories

B made our lives more enjoyable with the production of everything we need

C given us the basic facts and principles of science

D helped us research for the sake of increasing man’s knowledge

3 In the past, applied science went far ahead of pure science because _

A pure science has been discovered only in recent years

B men understood the basic facts and principles of pure science before they discovered and invented things

C pure science had been considered less important than applied science

D many inventions and discoveries had been made before men knew the basic scientific theories

4 The fact that vaccination had been practised long before the investigation of viruses means _

A people devoted a lot of time to the study of pure science

B applied science went far ahead of pure science

C pure science went far ahead of applied science

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D the study of pure science was delayed for a long time

5 If applied science is to develop more efficiently _

A its practical applications must be used for man’s good

B people must devote more time to the study of the neutron and atomic energy

C it must rely on the increasing knowledge of pure science

D people must solve problems of immediate economic and social importance

MONEY MATTERS FOR STUDENTS

GETTING A GRANT

Who pays? The local education authority (LEA) for the area in which the student is

living

Who can get this money? Anyone who gets a place on a first degree course although a

student who has already attended a course of advanced further education may not Students must also have been resident in the UK for at least three years, which can exclude some students from overseas

SPECIAL CASES

If a student has worked before college: A student who is 26 or more before the course

starts and who has worked for at least three of the previous six years will get extra money

- £155 a year if 26, increasing to a maximum of £615 at 29 or more

If a student is handicapped: LEAs will give up to £500 to help meet extra

expenses-such as buying a tape recorder for a blind student, extra heating or special food

Banking: Most of the big banks offer special services to students who open accounts (in

the hope that they will stay with the bank when they become rich executives) A student won’t usually have to pay bank charges as long as the account stays in credit Some banks allow students to overdraw by £100 or so, and still don’t make charges (though they do charge interest)

1 A student from Japan who has been staying in England for a year and intends to go to college in a few months will _

A get money if he is taking a first degree course

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B be unable to get money from any LEA

C get money from an LEA when he has finished his course

D have to open a bank account before he gets any money

2 A 31-year-old nurse wishes to qualify as a doctor at a university She has worked since she was 25 How much extra money will she get a year?

3 A student who cannot walk has to buy a wheelchair costing £750 to go to classes How much of the cost will he have to pay himself?

4 You are a new student Why may a bank welcome you as a customer?

A They know you receive money regularly

B They charge students extra

C They hope you will be rich in the future

D They need student accounts in term-time

5 How much can students overdraw in some banks?

During the teenage years, many young people can at times be difficult to talk to They often seem to dislike being questioned They may seem unwilling to talk about their work

in school This is a normal development becoming independent of teenagers trying to be adult while they are still growing up Young people are usually more willing to talk if they believe that questions are asked out of real interest and not because people are trying

to check up on them

Parents should do their best to talk to their sons and daughters about school work and future plan but should not push them to talk if they don’t want to Parents should also watch for the danger signs: some young people in trying to be adult may experiment with sex, drugs, alcohol or smoking Parents need to watch for any signs of unusual behaviour which may be connected with these and get help if necessary

1 This passage is taken from a _

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A handbook for parents B school timetable

C teenage magazine D book for children

2 Why do adults sometimes find teenagers difficult to talk to?

A Because most teenagers are quiet

B Because teenagers don’t want to talk to other people

C Because teenagers think adults are not honest

D Because most teenagers hate adults

3 When can you expect young people to be more talkative than usual?

A when people talk to them because they are really interested and not just checking

on them

B when adults give them a lot of money to spend

C when adults talk to them about something other than their work in school

D when adults talk to them about sex, alcohol and drugs

4 Some teenagers experiment with drinking and smoking because _

A cigarettes and alcohol are available everywhere

B cigarettes and alcohol are cheap

C women like smoking and drinking men

D they regard them as a mark of adulthood

5 The word behaviour in the passage most nearly means _

A feeling B manners C activities D reaction

Are we being served? More than two thirds of those questioned in a recent survey think service in Britain’s shops is not good enough and would pay more for better treatment This disappearance of personal service is not new Our present dissatisfaction began at least 40 years ago When goods were scarce there was time to take pleasure in the complicated art of selling, from greeting the customer to wrapping goods The end of the war, and the scarcity of goods which accompanied the wartime period, changed all that People wanted choice and quantity, to help themselves to what was on offer Self-service was born

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Throughout the Sixties and Seventies, productivity was the important word In shops, goods were piled up to ensure bigger sales Supermarkets grew larger The customer, by contrast, shrank beneath the enormous piles of goods, pushed by the sound of the background music towards the check-out

At the end of the Seventies, however, owners of the larger stores thought again The customer was becoming more aware of what was on offer Spending power had moved to younger people with higher expectations from their hours of shopping Design consultants were called in and through the high street swept newly-designed stores and goods The customer benefited, no doubt about it, but look at any row of high street shops from the north to the sound of Britain They all look the same They offer similar ranges

of goods on similarity colour-coordinated shop liftings

The amusing thing is that market forces may be driving shops back to the first principles of selling In an attempt to be different from the competition, many of them

“are examining the quality of personal service According to retail research analysts, customer care programmes are an important competitive weapon Already, a number of big British companies have started new schemes Edward Whitefield, who advises companies on selling, says that about 50 of Britain’s top 500 companies are now trying to improve their customer service Many more, he believes, will follow

1 A recent survey showed that about one third of those questioned _

A were satisfied with the shop service in Britain

B would pay higher prices for better service

C thought the service in Britain could be much better

D thought that personal service had disappeared

2 It appears that, after the end of the war, customers _

A wanted better service from shopkeepers

B disliked the idea of everyone helping themselves in shops

C discovered that some goods were becoming scarcer

D lost interest in personal service

3 During the Sixties and Seventies, store owners were mainly concerned with _

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A a better choice for the customer B the amount of goods sold

C the type of assistants employed D the type of music played in their shops

4 By the end of the Seventies, however, store owners had decided to make shopping _

A easier for young people B available at all hours

C a more pleasant experience D the same in all ‘stores

5 Many large companies reaslise that better customer service _

A will increase competition B benefits smaller stores

C attracts more business D improves the quality of goods

There are two main types of concrete dams: arch dams and gravity dams Arch dams are tall, curved shells of concrete that can be as little as 3 metres thick Their arched

shape gives them great strength Large gravity dams are also made of concrete, but it is

their vast weight that prevents them from bursting

The largest dams are embankment dams, which are made by piling up a huge barrier

of earth and rock A core of clay or concrete in the middle keeps water from seeping through the dam The side is covered with stones to protect it from water Rogunsky Dam

in the former Soviet Union is the world’s highest dam It is 325 metres high Hoover Dam, one of the world’s highest concrete dams, measures 221 metres in height It is an arch dam that spans the Colorado River and supplies water for irrigation and electricity to California, Arizona and Nevada

1 The great strength referred to in paragraph 1 is a result of _;

2 It can be inferred from the passage that gravity dams differ from arch dams in that gravity dams are _

A thicker than arch dams

B not as sturdy as arch dams

C not as attractive as arch dams

D made of a different material than arch dams

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3 According to the passage, the core of clay in the centre of an embankment dam serves which purpose?

A To support the structure B To hold the side together

C To form the shape of the dam D To prevent water seepage

4 According to the passage, how tall is the Hoover Dam?

A 325 metres B 185 kilometres C 221 metres D 3 metres

5 According to the passage, the water supplied from Hoover Dam is used for _

A strength and support B irrigation and electricity

C protection and irrigation D electricity and support

The population of the world has increased more in modern times than in all other ages

of history combined World population totalled about 500 million in 1650 It doubled in the period from 1650-1850 Today the population is more than five billion Estimates based on research by the United Nations indicate that it will more than double in the twenty-five years between 1915 and the year 2000, reaching seven billion by the turn of the century

No-one knows the limits of population that the earth can support.Thomas Malthus, an English economist, developed a theory that became widely accepted in the nineteenth century He suggested that because world population tended to increase more rapidly than the food supply, a continual strain was exerted upon available resources Malthus cited wars, famines, epidemics, and other disasters as the usual limitations of population growth

With recent advances in science and technology, including improved agricultural methods and great strides in medicine, some of the limiting factors in population growth have been lessened, with obvious results International organizations have put forward several recommendations to alleviate the problem of overpopulation, including an increase in food production, general economic development in target areas, and a decrease in birth rates Most experts agree that it will be necessary to combine all three recommendations in an effort to effect a lasting solution

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