grammar

the invention of labor-saving devices for the home, women have more leisure time and freedom.. Because of labor-saving devices for the home women have … the invention labor-saving device

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because he was sick.

Tom couldn’t go to school

because of being sick

= Tom couldn’t go to school

+ a clause

because

Tom couldn’t go to school

Tom couldn’t go to school

he was sick

because of being sick

S Because

Noun phrase

+ a noun (phrase)

Because of

V C / O

Unit 7

Practice 3 :

1 Tom couldn’t go to school because he was sick

3 We can’t go out the weather is cold

6 World War II, many women took over businesses for their absent husbands

5 the invention of labor-saving devices for the home, women have more leisure time and

freedom

because Because of

Because of

Notes :

1 Because + a clause = Because of + a noun (phrase)

Conjunction

Because

4 Mary couldn’t go to school because of her sickness

2 Peter drove fast, he caused an accident

Preposition

Because ↔ Because of

2 Because

= Because of driving fast, Peter caused an accident

Notes :

2 The two subjects are the same

same

- Because + S + V + O, S +V + O

= Because of + V-ing + O, S +V + O

Peter drove fast, he caused an accident

Gerund

Because ↔ Because of

3 We can’t go out because the weather is cold

Noun be adj

= We can’t go out because of weather cold

Notes :

2 The two subjects are the same

- Because + S + V + O, S +V + O

= Because of + V-ing + O, S +V + O

the

3 Because + X + N + be + adj

= Because of + X + adj + N

the / my / this / …

Gerund

Notes :

Because ↔ Because of

4 Mary couldn’t go to school because of her sickness

Noun Possessive adj

Subject Verb

she was

Adj

sick

4 Because of + possessive adj + N

= Because + S (pronoun) + be + adj

= Mary couldn’t go to school because

3 Because + X + N + be + adj

= Because of + X + adj + N

the / my / this / …

the home

were invented

Because ↔ Because of

5 Because of

labor-saving devices for the home

women have …

the invention labor-saving devices for of

= Because

Subject

invent

Verb

, women have more leisure time and freedom.

Notes :

5 Because of + N1 + of + N2 (phrase)

= Because + S + V (usually in passive form)

4 Because of + possessive adj + N

= Because + S (pronoun) + be + adj

Noun 1 Noun phrase 2

Notes :

6 Because of

Because ↔ Because of

, many women took over

World War II businesses for their absent husbands

= Because

Noun (phrase)

World War II happened, many women …

6 Because of + N (phrase)

= Because + S + V (suitable with the meaning)

5 Because of + N1 + of + N2(phrase)

= Because + S + V (usually in passive form)

= Because + there be + N (phrase)

2 The two subjects are the same.

- Because + S + V + O, S + V + O

= Because of + V-ing + O, S + V + O

1 Because + a clause = Because of + a noun (phrase)

Notes :

3 Because + X + N + be + adj

= Because of + X + adj + N

4 Because of + possessive adj + N

= Because + S (pronoun) + be + adj

5 Because of + N1 + of + N2(phrase)

= Because + S + V (usually in passive form)

6 Because of + N (phrase)

= Because + S + V (suitable with the meaning)

= Because + there be + N (phrase)

1 the so – called “women’s liberation movement” has been developing, women are no longer content with their traditional roles as housewives and mothers

Exercise 1 : Fill in the blank with “Because” or “Because of”

2 not having a ticket, Peter can’t go to London by bus.

3 She was tired her long walk

4 women have been liberated, feminists are free

from the endless cycle of child-bearing and rearing.

5 machines such as vacuum cleaners, washing

machines, and dishwashers were invented, housewives

spend less time doing housework

6 She was absent yesterday her mother’s sickness

1 the so – called “women’s liberation

movement” has been developing, women are no

longer content with their traditional roles as

housewives and mothers

Exercise 1 : Fill in the blank with “Because” or

“Because of”

2 not having a ticket, Peter can’t go to London by bus

3 She was tired her long walk

4 women have been liberated, feminists are free from the endless cycle of child-bearing and rearing

Because

Because of

because of Because

5 machines such as vacuum cleaners,

washing machines, and dishwashers were invented, housewives spend less time doing housework

6 She was absent yesterday her mother’s sickness

4 women have been liberated, feminists are free from the endless cycle of child-bearing and rearing

Because

Because

because of

1 These pupils can’t enter because they are very late for school

Exercise 2 : Rewrite the following sentences with the

words provided

2 Because of the differences in culture and

civilization, they can’t understand each other

3 Nick is often punished because of his laziness

4 He walked slowly because of his bad leg

- Because of …

- Because there are …

- Because Nick …

- Because his leg …

- Because Nick is lazy, he is often punished.

Nick is often punished because of his laziness

- Because Nick …

- Because his leg was bad, he walked slowly

He walked slowly because of his bad leg

(- Because his leg…)

You get one pointLucky number(6)

You get one pointLucky number(3)

- Because there are the differences in culture and

civilization, they can’t understand each other

Because of the differences in culture and civilization, they can’t understand each other (- (1) Because there are … )

- Because of being very late for school, these pupils can’t enter

These pupils can’t enter because they are very late for school (- Because of …)

(2)

(4) (5)

A lot of people like living in the countryside because the air is fresh

because of the fresh air

Goodbye !