BASICS OF MATLAB AND BEYOND

You can either use the cd command to move matlab’s working directory to the directory you extract the files to, or add that directory to matlab’s search path.. typing pwd print working di

B A S I C S O F

and Beyond

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2000 by CRC Press LLC

CHAPMAN & HALL/CRC Andrew Knight

B A S I C S O F

and Beyond

Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Knight, Andrew (Andrew James), 1961—

Basics of MATLAB and beyond / Andrew Knight

p cm

Includes index (alk paper)

ISBNO-8493-2039-9

1 Engitteering mathematics-Data prccessing 2 MATLAB I Title

TA345.K63 1999

620´.001´5 118-dc2 1 99-31210

CIP

J This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources Reprinted material

is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated A wide variety of references are listed Reasonable efforts have hen made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use

Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic

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No claim to original U.S Government works International Standard Bcok Number 0-8493-2039-9 Library of Congress Card Number 99-31210 Printed in the United States of America 3 4 5 6 1 8 9 0

Printed on acid-free paper MATLAB is a registered trademark of The MathWorks, Inc

This book arose from notes written for matlab
R training courses run within the Australian Defence Science and Technology Organisation The book is in two parts Each part was originally a two-day course, designed assuming that students were seated at a computer with matlab running

Part 1 is an introductory course suitable for those with no experience

at all with matlab It is written in a self contained way; if you go through the notes, all the new commands and ideas are explained as they are introduced

Part 2 is a more advanced course suitable for those who are already familiar with the basics of matlab It covers a variety of topics, some

of which you may not be interested in; if so, you should be able to skip that section without detriment to other sections

You can get the m-files that accompany this book from the “Down-load” section of the CRC Press web site (www.crcpress.com) The files are available in zip or gzipped tar format, and can be extracted using WinZip on a PC, or by using gunzip and tar on unix You will need to put them in a directory where matlab will be able to find them You can either use the cd command to move matlab’s working directory to the directory you extract the files to, or add that directory to matlab’s search path (You can display matlab’s current working directory by

matlabis a registered trademark

of The MathWorks, Inc For product information, please contact:

The MathWorks, Inc

24 Prime Park Way Natick, MA 01760-1500 USA Tel: 508-647-7000 Fax: 508-647-7107 E-mail: info@mathworks.com Web: www.mathworks.com

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typing pwd (print working directory) in the command window.) On a

PC or Macintosh, you can add directories to matlab’s path by clicking

on the path browser button at the top of the matlab command window (it is the button with two folders on it to the left of the question mark button) In the path browser, select the menu “Path→Add to path”,

then select the directory containing the extracted files using the browse button (on PCs it is the one with three dots on it), then check the “add

to back” option before pressing “OK” Then click “File→Save Path”

before you exit the path browser If you are using another platform you can use the path command from within matlab (type help path for instructions) You can install this path each time you start matlab

by putting an appropriate path command in a file called startup.m in a directory called matlab situated immediately below your home directory Many of the graphical examples in this book assume that the figure window is empty To ensure an empty figure window issue the command: clf

which stands for “clear figure” If you find that the figure window is obscured by your command window, try shrinking both windows Or you can type:

shg

(show graphic) to bring the graphics window to the front The compan-ion software implements an even shorter abbreviatcompan-ion; type

s

to bring the graphics window to the front

If, on a PC or Macintosh, the figure window is at the front of the screen, or if it has the current focus, just start typing and matlab will switch to the command window and accept your typing

Words appearing in this book in typewriter font, for example, type, represent matlab commands that you can type in, or output produced

by matlab

Andrew Knight

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2000 by CRC Press LLC

About the Author

The author completed a Ph.D in plasma physics at the Flinders Uni-versity of South Australia in the days before matlab Consequently, he knows how much time can be saved when you don’t have to write your own matrix inversion or polynomial evaluation routines in fortran His first exposure to matlab was at the Centre for Plasma Physics Research at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Ecole Poly-technique F´ed´erale) in Lausanne, Switzerland, where he continued his research in plasma physics On his return to Australia to take up a posi-tion with the Maritime Operaposi-tions Division of the Defence Science and Technology Organisation, he was given responsibility for research in the flow noise problem of towed sonar arrays His current research interests include sonar signal processing and information displays He has been largely responsible for the growth in the use of matlab in his division, and has conducted training courses in matlab

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I Basics of MATLAB

1 First Steps in MATLAB

1.1 Starting MATLAB

1.2 First Steps

1.3 Matrices

1.4 Variables

1.5 The Colon Operator

1.6 Linspace

1.7 Plotting Vectors

2 Typing into MATLAB

2.1 Command Line Editing

2.2 Smart Recall

2.3 Long Lines

2.4 Copying and Pasting

3 Matrices

3.1 Typing Matrices

3.2 Concatenating Matrices

3.3 Useful Matrix Generators

3.4 Subscripting

3.5 End as a subscript

3.6 Deleting Rows or Columns

3.7 Matrix Arithmetic

3.8 Transpose

4 Basic Graphics

4.1 Plotting Many Lines

4.2 Adding Plots

4.3 Plotting Matrices

4.4 Clearing the Figure Window

4.5 Subplots

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4.6 Three-Dimensional Plots

4.8 Labels

5 More Matrix Algebra

6 Basic Data Analysis

7 Graphics of Functions of Two Variables

7.1 Basic Plots

7.2 Colour Maps

7.3 Colour Bar

7.4 Good and Bad Colour Maps

7.5 Extracting Logical Domains

7.6 Nonrectangular Surface Domains

8 M-Files

8.1 Scripts

8.2 Functions

8.3 Flow Control

8.4 Comparing Strings

9 Data Files

9.1 MATLAB Format

9.2 ASCII Format

9.3 Other Formats

10 Directories

11 Startup

12 Using MATLAB on Different Platforms

13 Log Scales

14 Curve Fitting—Matrix Division

15 Missing Data

16 Polar Plots

17 Fourier Transform

18 Power Spectrum

19 Sounds in MATLAB

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20 Time-Frequency Analysis

21 Line Animation

22 SPTool

23 Handle Graphics

23.1 Custom Plotting Functions

23.2 Set and Get

23.3 Graphical Object Hierarchy

24 Demos

II Beyond the Basics

25 Sparse Arrays

25.1 Example: Airfoil

25.2 Example: Communication Network

26 Text Strings

26.1 String Matrices

26.2 Comparing Strings

26.3 String Manipulations

26.4 Converting Numbers to Strings

26.5 Using Strings as Commands

27 Cell Arrays

28 Structures

28.1 Example: Meteorological Database

28.2 Example: Capturing the List of Variables

29 Multidimensional Arrays

29.1 Generating Multidimensional Grids

29.2 Operations with Multidimensional Arrays

29.3 RGB Images

29.4 Example: Sonar

29.5 Multidimensional Cell Arrays

29.6 Multidimensional Structures

30 Saving and Loading Data

30.1 MATLAB Format

30.2 Other Formats

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31 Handle Graphics

31.1 Get and Set

31.2 Default Object Properties

31.3 Current Objects

32 Axes Effects

32.1 The Axis Command

32.2 Tick Marks and Labels

32.3 Subplots

32.4 Double Axes

32.5 Axes Labels

33 Text in Graphics

33.1 Symbols and Greek Letters

33.2 Symbols in Tick Labels

33.3 Global Object Placement

34 Graphical User Interfaces

34.1 Callbacks

34.2 UIControls

34.3 Exclusive Radio Buttons

34.4 Variables in GUIs

34.5 The Tag P roperty

34.6 UIMenus

34.7 Fast Drawing

34.8 Guide

34.9 Other Aids

35 Printing Graphics

35.1 Print Size: Orient

35.2 Print Size: WYSIWYG

35.3 Including Figures in Other Applications

36 Irregular Grids

36.1 Interpolation over a Rectangular Grid

36.2 Triangular Gridding

37 Three-dimensional Modelling

37.1 Patches

37.2 Light Objects

38 MATLAB Programming

38.1 Vectorising Code

38.2 M-File Subfunctions

38.3 Debugging

38.4 Profiler

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39 Answers to Exercises (Part I)

40 Answers to Exercises (Part II)

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