Verb Tenses simple/progressive/perfect/perfect progressive SIMPLE TENSES xxxxxxxxxx base form of regular verb * add “s” to 3rd person singular **irregular verbs exist Expresses e
Trang 1Verb Tenses
simple/progressive/perfect/perfect progressive
SIMPLE TENSES
xxxxxxxxxx
base form of regular verb
* add “s” to 3rd
person singular
**irregular verbs exist
Expresses events or situations that exist always, usually, habitually; they exist now, have existed in the past, and probably will exist in the future
It snows in Alaska
I watch television every day
Simple Past
x
base form of regular verbs + -d or –ed
**irregular verbs exist
At one particular time in the past, this happened It began and ended in the past
It snowed yesterday
I watched television last night
Simple Future
x
be (am/is/are) + going to + base form of verb
will + base form of verb
At one particular time in the future, it will happen
It will snow tomorrow
*It is going to snow tomorrow
I will watch television tonight
*I am going to watch television tonight
Trang 2PROGRESSIVE TENSES
Present
Progressive
10:00 11:00
x x
be (am/is/are) + base form of verb + -ing
He went to sleep at 10:00 tonight It is now 11:00 and
he is still asleep His sleep began in the past, is in progress at the present time, and probably will continue
He is sleeping right now
*I am sleeping right now
You are sleeping right now
We are sleeping right now They are sleeping right now
Past Progressive
10:00 11:00
x x
was/were + base form of verb + -ing
He went to sleep at 10:00 tonight I arrived at 11:00
He was still asleep His sleep began before and was in progress at a particular time in the past It probably continued
He was sleeping when I arrived
*I was sleeping when…
You were sleeping when…
We were sleeping when… They were sleeping when…
Future Progressive
10:00 11:00
x x
will be + base form of verb +
-ing
He will go to sleep at 10:00 tomorrow night I will arrive
at 11:00 The action of sleeping will begin before I arrive and it will be in progress at a particular time in the future Probably his sleep will continue
He will be sleeping when I arrive
The progressive tenses give the idea that an action is in progress during a particular time The tenses say that an action begins before, is in progress during, and continues after another time or action
Trang 3PERFECT TENSES
Present Perfect Form Meaning Example(s)
eat now
x x
(time?)
have/has + past participle
I finished eating sometime before now The exact time is not
important
I have already eaten
*You have…eaten
He has… eaten
They have…eaten
We have…eaten
Past Perfect
eat arrive
x x
had + past
participle
First I finished eating Later they arrived My eating was completely finished before another time in the past
I had already eaten when they arrived
Future Perfect
eat arrive
x x
will have +
past participle
First I will finish eating Later they will arrive My eating will be completely finished before another time in the future
I will have already eaten when they arrive
The perfect tenses give the idea that one thing happens before another time or event
Trang 4PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSES
Present Perfect
Progressive
x x
2 hrs
*have/has been + base form of verb + -ing
Event in progress: studying
When? Before now, up to now
How long? For two hours
I have been studying for two hours
You have been studying
He has been studying They have been studying
We have been studying
Past Perfect
Progressive
x x
2 hrs
*had been + base form of
verb + -ing
Event in progress: studying
When? Before another event in
the past
How long? For two hours
I had been studying for two hours before my friend came
Future Perfect
Progressive
x x
2 hrs
*will have been + base form of
verb + -ing
Event in progress: studying
When? Before another event in
the future
How long? For two hours
I will have been studying for two hours by the time you arrive
The present perfect progressive tenses give the idea that one event is in progress immediately before, up to, until another time or event The tenses are used to express the duration of the first event