TRAINING AND DEVELOPING,Unit II assessment

Question 1  In motivating trainees to learn, which of the following needs existence, relatedness, or growth should be the focus? Existence s Relatedness Growth Both B C All of the above(p.64)ok 4 points    Question 2  The _____ the self efficacy, the _____ the performance. higher; worse higher; better( P.72)dung lower; worse lower; better all of the above are possible

Take Test: Unit II Assessment

Question 1

In motivating trainees to learn, which of the following needs - existence, relatedness, or growth - should be the focus?

Existence

s Relatedness

Growth Both B & C All of the above(p.64)ok

4 points

Question 2

The _ the self efficacy, the _ the performance.

higher; worse

higher; better( P.72)dung

lower; worse

lower; better

all of the above are possible

4 points

Question 3

Which of these statements is inaccurate ?

Maslow is known for his early work on needs and motivation( P.64)

Alderfrer developed a needs theory based on Maslow's early work

Existence needs are the highest order needs(p.64)dung

Relatedness reflects people's need to be valued by others

Recognition can fulfill growth needs

Question 4

Which of the following statements best explains the relationship between training and self efficacy?

The two concepts are not related

Training can act to improve low self efficacy only when employees have the required KSA's

It is useful to assess trainee self efficacy prior to training only

Self efficacy beliefs are a good predictor of learning in the training environment ( P.73)ok

4 points

Question 5

The Gagne-Briggs theory of instructional design argues that

The learning process cannot be influenced by the trainer

The external events influence the internal learning process(P.78)ok

Presenting the material should be the first step in training program

The order of events does not alter the results

4 points

Question 6

Theories are

useful for model building but impractical for practitioners

generally developed by all of us to help us understand how things work in our world

concrete steps in the "how to" world

useful when they describe a set of facts and develop a logical rationale for what is likely to be true, given those facts

both B & D( P.61)ok

4 points

Question 7

In social learning, theory retention(giulai)has three phases which are

Question 8

Understanding needs theory is important in the training process because:

Needs theory helps identify reasons why some people do not perform well(P.64) Needs theory can help determine what kind of training will be more effective

Needs theory can inform the choice of environment where training is held

Needs theory can help identify motivators that will improve performance

All of the above

4 points

Question 9

Negative reinforcement

reduces the likelihood of a behavior

increases the likelihood of a behavior

requires removal of something unpleasant

both A & C

both B & C.(P.68)dung

4 points

Question 10

The formula for performance (M X KSA X E) suggests

only two of the three factors need to be favorable to obtain high performance

if motivation is high and KSA's are adequate, at least moderate performance will be achieved

attention, symbolic coding, behavioral reproduction

recognize, recall, retain

attention, motivation, symbolic coding

None of the above.(P.76)ok

if the environment is highly conducive to high performance, then motivation is not very important

none of the above are correct.ok

4 points

Question 11 30 points

Explain Social Learning Theory

According to Albert Bandura and his associates (2000), the theory is about a model of learning known variously as observational learning, vicarious learning, and most often, social learning theory Social learning theory is the view that people learn by observing others or social learning theory explains how people learn new behaviors, values, and attitudes Albert Bandura and his associates (2000) indicates that the cognitive processes that are a part of social learning theory are motivation, attention, retention, and to some extent behavioral reproduction

Motivation influences and is influenced by the other processes The learner’s needs determine what things receive attention and are processed for retention (Blanchard, & Thacker, 2000) Bandura (1977) states that in order to learn, learners need to be paying attention

Anything that detracts their attention is going to have a negative effect on observational learning

If the model interesting or there is a novel aspect to the situation, they are far more likely to dedicate your full attention to learning Once attention is focused on an object or event, the ability to store information is also an important part of the learning process Retention can be affected by a number of factors, but the ability to pull up information later and act on it is vital to observational learning Behavioral reproduction is repeated practice (Blanchard, & Thacker, 2000) Once learners have paid attention to the model and retained the information, it is time to actually perform the behavior you observed Further practice of the learned behavior leads to improvement and skill advancement

In short, Social Learning Theory states behavior which is learned from the environment through the process of observational learning

References

Blanchard, N.P., & Thacker, J (2010) Effective training, systems, strategies and practices

(Custom 4th ed.) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall

Bandura, A (1977) Social Learning Theory Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Question 12 30 points

Two definitions of learning were presented in the text, one was behavioral and one was cognitive Explain each and indicate the major difference between these definitions and what the training implications of each are.

Blanchard & Thacker (2000) show that there are two categories of learning theory which are behavioral and cognitive Behavioral learning is measured in terms of relatively permanent changes in behavior This becomes the operational definition of learning for theorists Cognitive theory is referring to mental activities such as seeing, feeling, attending, remembering and solving problems

The differences in the definition of learning might not seem important It might seem to

be a simple difference of whether learning is synonymous with behavior or of how information is processed, organized, and stored (Blanchard & Thacker ,2000) The behaviorist approach

indicates that the environment controls learning According to B.F Skinner’s explanation, learning is defined by changing of relatively permanent in behavior Behaviorists specially adopt the definition of learning Nevertheless, Blanchard & Thacker (2000) express that the cognitive approach shows that the learner controls learning Prospective learners come to training with their own set of goals and priorities For cognitive theorists, the learner controls both what is learned and how it is learned

In short, it is believed that integrating the substantiated aspects of both approaches explain learning in full Depending on some learning situations, a cognitive method can be worked better and for others a behaviorist method can work more efficiently (Blanchard & Thacker ,2000)

Reference :

Blanchard, N.P., & Thacker, J (2010) Effective training, systems, strategies and practices

(Custom 4th ed.) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall