Thuyết trình chủ đề mobile phone systems

●History ●First generation 1G: Analog voice ●Second generation 2G: Digital voice ●Third generation 3G: Digital voice and data ●Fourth generation 4G: 3G + Mobile ultra-broadband Internet

MOBILE PHONE SYSTEM

●History

●First generation (1G): Analog voice

●Second generation (2G): Digital voice

●Third generation (3G): Digital voice and data

●Fourth generation (4G): 3G + Mobile

ultra-broadband Internet access

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Mobile Phone System

●Used for wide area voice and data

Mobile Phone System

The first mobile system was devised in the U.S by AT&T and

mandated for the whole country by the FCC

Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive

(Source: Wikipedia)

( The prototype handheld phone used by Dr Cooper weighed 1.1 kg and measured 23 cm long, 13 cm deep and 4.45 cm wide The prototype offered a talk time of just 30 minutes and took 10 hours to recharge.)

Mobile Phone System

● Usage and adoption in US vs Europe

o Several systems vs only one system

o Mixed phone number.

o Prepaid mobile phone in Europe.

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First Generation – 1G (Analog Voice)

military).

(Source: Wikipedia)

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First Generation – 1G (Analog Voice)

telephones was set up in St Louis to-talk systems).

this technology.

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First Generation – 1G (Analog Voice)

● In the 1960s, IMTS (Improved Mobile

Telephone System) was installed

● Use a high-powered (200-watt) transmitter

● Support 23 channels spread out from 150

MHz to 450 MHz.

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First Generation – 1G (Analog Voice)

● Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) first installed in the United States in 1982.

● A geographic region is divided up into cells (10 – 20 KM across).

● An IMTS system 100 km across can have only one call

on each frequency.

● An AMPS system might have 100 10-km cells in the

same area and be able to have 10 to 15 calls on each

frequency.

First Generation – 1G (Analog Voice)

(Source: Tanenbaum & Wetherall, Computer Network (5th edition - Prentice Hall)

First Generation – 1G (Analog Voice)

● The base station consists of a computer and transmitter / receiver connected to an antenna

● In a small system, all the base stations are connected to a single device called an MSC (Mobile Switching Center) or MTSO (Mobile Telephone Switching Office)

● Handoff, takes about 300 msec

First Generation – 1G (Analog Voice)

● AMPS uses FDM to separate the channels (832 full duplex channels - Frequency Division Duplex)

● 832 simplex channels from 824 to 849 MHz are used for mobile to base station transmission

● 832 simplex channels from 869 to 894 MHz are used for base station

to mobile transmission

First Generation – 1G (Analog Voice)

● Control channels (base to mobile) are used to manage the system

● Paging channels (base to mobile) alert mobile users to calls for them

● Access channels (bidirectional) are used for call setup and channel assignment

● Data channels (bidirectional) carry voice, fax, or data

First Generation – 1G (Analog Voice)

● Call management:

o Registering

o Making a call

o Receiving a call

First Generation – 1G (Analog Voice)

● Call management

o Registering (every 15 mins)

 Scans a preprogrammed list of 21 control

channels

 Broadcasts its 32-bit serial number and 34-bit telephone number

First Generation – 1G (Analog Voice)

● Call management

o Making a call

 Transmits the number to be called and its own identity on the access channel => base station => MSC

 MSC looks for an idle channel for the call =>

send back channel number on the control channel.

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First Generation – 1G (Analog Voice)

● Call management

o Receiving a call

 All idle phones continuously listen to the paging channel

 When a call is placed to a mobile phone (fixed/mobile

phone) packet is sent to the callee’s home MSC to find out where it is

 A packet is then sent to the base station in its current cell, which sends a broadcast on the paging channel

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 Allowing voice signals to be digitized and

compressed.

 This in turn deters fraud and eavesdropping.

 New services such as text messaging.

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CDMA

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HCM 2.000.000 km2, 10000

Frequency -> signal (850)

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ThirdGeneration (3G) Mobile Phones:

Digital Voice and Data

OverView

Feature

Applications of 3G

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What ‘s 3G ?

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How is 3G Better?

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❖How is 3G Better?

❖Several times higher data speed.

❖Enhanced audio and video streaming.

❖Videoconferencing support.

❖Web and WAP browsing at higher speeds.

❖IPTV (TV through the Internet) support.

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•Minimum data rate of 2 Mbit/s for stationary or walking users, and 384 kbit/s in a moving vehicle

•3G phones commonly have two cameras since the

technology allows the user to have video calls, for

which a userfacing camera is required for capturing

him/her.

•Unlike with WiFi which you can get for free in hotspots

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Applications of 3G

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4thgeneration

What is 4G?

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Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access IEEE 802.16

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX 35

LTE LongTerm Evolution

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

LTE_(telecommunication)

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LTE_(telecommunication)

Teliabranded Samsung LTE modem

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Adoption of LTE technology as of May 21, 2014

Countries and regions with commercial LTE service

Countries and regions with commercial LTE network deployment ongoing or planned

Countries and regions with LTE trial systems (precommitment)

None

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3G vs 4G

http://www.nokia.com/gben/4g/ 40

4G in Vietnam?

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Panorama of Council meeting to assess the subject KC.01.17 / 1115

Website of Ministry of Science and Technology

http://www.most.gov.vn/Desktop.aspx/Chitietbaiviet/Tintonghop/

Trien_khai_mang_thong_tin_di_dong_LTE4G_tai_Viet_Nam/

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●[1] Andrew S Tanenbaum, David J Wetherall (2010) Computer Networks, Prentice Hall, 5th edition.