Module 14 troubleshooting client computer startup and user logon problems

Contents Overview 1 The Startup Process for Clients Running The Windows NT–Based Startup Process 7 Using Advanced Startup Options to Start Using the Last Known Good Configuration La

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Contents

Overview 1

The Startup Process for Clients Running

The Windows NT–Based Startup Process 7

Using Advanced Startup Options to Start

Using the Last Known Good Configuration

Lab A: Identifying Client Computer Startup

Options 21

Using the Recovery Console 30

Troubleshooting the User Logon Process 35

Lab B: Using the Netdiag Utility to Validate

Logon 40

Review 44

Module 14:

Troubleshooting Client Computer Startup and User Logon Problems

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Instructor Notes

This module provides students with the skills and knowledge necessary to

troubleshoot client startup and user logon problems

After completing this module, students will be able to:

! Describe the startup process and the required files for clients running Microsoft® Windows® 95 and Windows 98

! Describe the startup process and the required files for clients running Microsoft Windows NT®

! Use advanced startup options to start a computer

! Use the Last Known Good configuration to start a computer

! Install and use the Recovery Console to start a computer

! Describe and troubleshoot the user logon process

Materials and Preparation

This section provides the materials and preparation tasks that you need to teach this module

Required Materials

To teach this module, you need the following Microsoft PowerPoint® file 2126A_14.ppt

Preparation Tasks

To prepare for this module:

! Read all of the materials for this module

! Complete the labs

Presentation:

90 Minutes

Labs:

75 Minutes

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Module Strategy

Use the following strategy to present this module:

! The Startup Process for Clients Running Windows 95 and Windows 98 Explain the startup process for operating systems running Microsoft Windows 95 and Windows 98 Emphasize that the detailed information refers to the Windows 98 startup process, but that other members of the operating system family behave similarly during their startup process

! The Windows NT–Based Startup Process Explain the structure of the startup process for operating systems in the Microsoft Windows NT family, including Windows NT, Windows 2000, and Windows XP Emphasize that the detailed information refers to the Windows 2000 startup process, but that other members of the operating system family behave similarly during their startup process

! Using Advanced Startup Options to Start a Computer Summarize the various startup options available on Microsoft operating systems, and describe which options are available on which operating systems Present the information on starting the computer in safe mode Explain the differences between the three safe mode options Next, restart the instructor computer, and demonstrate how to find the Advanced Startup Options Use the table that shows available startup options to describe the function of each option, and the circumstances under which each option is used

! Using the Last Known Good Configuration to Start the Computer Explain how the Last Known Good configuration is created and how to use this configuration when troubleshooting the startup process on client computers running Windows NT–based operating systems

! Using the Recovery Console to Start the Computer Emphasize that the Recovery Console is a powerful tool that can help recover a failed operating system, but if it is used incorrectly, it can also damage the operating system Next, explain the tasks that can be accomplished by using the Recovery Console Explain that the Recovery Console can be installed for later use, or run from the product compact disc when needed

If you have not already installed the Recovery Console, you can demonstrate the installation process or how to run the Recovery Console from the product compact disc Start the Recovery Console; demonstrate how to enter the administrator’s password, and how to run a command Using the tip in the student materials, ask the students find the Recovery

Console commands in Microsoft Windows 2000 Help, describe the various

commands, and provide examples of when particular commands might be used Finally, discuss the common reasons for using the Recovery Console

! Troubleshooting the User Logon Process Explain how the user logon process works, and how a user may be logged

on with cached credentials if a domain controller cannot be located Also, explain the use of the Netdiag utility to troubleshoot user the logon process

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Overview

! The Startup Process for Clients Running Windows 95 and Windows 98

! The Windows NT-Based Startup Process

! Using Advanced Startup Options to Start the Computer

! Using the Last Known Good Configuration to Start the Computer

! Using the Recovery Console

! Troubleshooting the User Logon Process

*****************************illegal for non-trainer use******************************

Troubleshooting startup and logon problems on client computers are extremely important tasks for a network administrator Startup and logon problems can arise because of missing files, corrupt files, or configuration errors, among other reasons

To effectively troubleshoot startup and logon problems on client computers, you must understand both the startup process and the user logon process In addition, knowledge of the special startup options and utilities that are included with Microsoft® operating systems can help you identify and resolve startup problems

Microsoft operating systems for client computers fall into two major categories: Microsoft Windows® 95– and Windows 98–based operating

systems, and operating systems based on Microsoft Windows NT® While the startup and logon process for operating systems in each category are not identical, they are very similar As a result, understanding the startup and logon process for a representative operating system in each category will help you to troubleshoot problems on computers running similar operating systems This module uses Windows 98 as representative of Windows 95– and Windows 98–based operating systems and Windows 2000 as representative of Windows NT–based operating systems

In this module, you will learn

about troubleshooting client

computer startup and user

logon problems

Important

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After completing this module, you will be able to:

! Describe the Windows 95– and Windows 98–based startup process and the required files

! Describe the Windows NT–based startup process and the required files

! Use advanced startup options to start a computer

! Use the Last Known Good configuration to start a computer

! Install and use the Recovery Console to start a computer

! Describe and troubleshoot the user logon process

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" The Startup Process for Clients Running Windows 95 and Windows 98

! Files Required by the Windows 98 Startup Process

! The Windows 98 Startup Process

To troubleshoot the startup, or boot, process on computers running Microsoft Windows 95 or Windows 98, you must understand the files that are required by the process and how the process proceeds

When a computer starts, it runs a built-in set of essential software routines known as the basic input/output system (BIOS) The BIOS runs a Power-On Self Test (POST) routine to verify that critical system components are operational, to set all of the hardware to a predefined state, to find and load

an operating system, and then to hand off control of the system to the operating system This routine is part of computer hardware’s startup process After the POST routine is completed, the operating system startup process begins

Slide Objective

To introduce the topics

associated with the

Windows 98, you must

understand the files that are

required by the process and

how the process proceeds

Remind students that this

topic discusses the

Windows 98 startup

process, which is

representative of, though

not identical to, that of

Windows 95

Note

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Files Required for the Windows 98 Startup Process

! Io.sys—Loads real-mode Windows 98 and drivers

! Msdos.sys—Controls startup process

! Config.sys—Sets system environment variables

! Autoexec.bat—Specifies commands before mode Windows 98 starts

protected-! Win.ini and System.ini—Sets some configuration options

! Win.com—Initiates Windows 98 load phases

Windows 98 requires hundreds of files to run correctly, but several files are particularly important because they are involved in the Windows 98 startup process

The following table identifies the location and purpose of the files that are associated with the Windows 98 startup process

File and location Purpose

C:\Io.sys Starts into mode Windows 98 It also loads

real-mode drivers and terminate-and-stay-resident (TSR) programs specified in Config.sys and Autoexec.bat This file is marked as hidden, system, and read-only

C:\Msdos.sys Controls the startup process and is required for

compatibility with older applications that require this file to be present before they can be installed This file

is marked as hidden, system, and read-only

C:\Config.sys Sets and specifies system environment variables and

loads real-mode drivers This file is optional

C:\Autoexec.bat Sets and specifies commands and TSRs to be executed

in real mode before protected-mode Windows 98 initializes This file is optional

%windir%\Win.ini,

%windir%\System.ini Holds configuration information for Windows 98 Most options that were present for Windows 3.x are now

stored in the registry

%windir%\Win.com Initiates the Windows 98 load phases

Slide Objective

To identify the files that are

involved in the Windows 98

startup process

Lead-in

Several files are involved in

the Windows 98 startup

process

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The Windows 98 Startup Process

! Real-Mode Startup

! Real-Mode Configuration

# Loads Himem.sys and Ifshlp.sys

# Processes Config.sys and Autoexec.bat if present

! Protected-Mode Load

The Windows 98 startup process occurs in three distinct stages: real-mode startup, real-mode configuration, and protected-mode load

Problems that occur during the real-mode startup phase may involve difficulties with corrupted or incompatible video or disk subsystem drivers, real-mode drivers, or a damaged registry

Real-Mode Configuration

Although Windows 98 does not require Config.sys to start, Io.sys processes that file if it is present Even if Config.sys is not present, Windows 98 automatically loads Himem.sys and Ifshlp.sys, which are required to operate Windows 98 and sets several environment variables Io.sys then processes Autoexec.bat, which like Config.sys, is not required but provides backward compatibility with older applications and device drivers Config.sys is not required unless you want to override or add to the default settings

For more information about the Config.sys settings in Io.sys, see Io.sys

Settings under Additional Reading on the Web page on the Student Materials

The Windows 98 startup

process has three stages

Delivery Tip

Emphasize that you are

presenting this information

to help students understand

the overall startup process

This is important because

problems that occur in the

startup process affect

troubleshooting

Note

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Protected-Mode Load

After Autoexec.bat runs, Win.com runs and begins the protected-mode load process Protected mode provides support for multitasking and the use of virtual memory Win.com loads Vmm32.vxd and other virtual device drivers according

to the registry and System.ini Win.com then switches the processor into protected mode and initializes the virtual device drivers Next, the core Windows kernel, Graphics Device Interface (GDI), and user libraries are loaded, together with the desktop and network support The final step in the startup process is to run applications in the startup group or those in the registry that run at startup

Problems encountered during this phase of the startup operation may be attributed to faulty or incompatible protected-mode drivers and difficulties with programs set to launch at startup

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" The Windows NT–Based Startup Process

! Files Required by the Windows 2000 Startup Process

! The Windows 2000 Startup Process

To troubleshoot the startup process on computers running the Windows NT family of operating systems, including Windows NT, Windows 2000, or Windows XP, you must understand the files that are required by the process and how the process proceeds

Slide Objective

To identify the topics

associated with the

running a member of the

Windows NT family, you

must understand the files

that are required by the

process and how the

process proceeds

Remind students that this

topic discusses the

Windows 2000 startup

process, which is

representative of, though

not identical to, that of other

members of the

Windows NT family Also

remind students that the

process begins after the

POST routine

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Files Required by the Windows 2000 Startup Process

On the system partition

NtldrBoot.iniNtdetect comNtbootdd.sys (SCSI only)

On the boot partition

Ntoskrnl.exeSystem.datDevice driversHal.dll

To start up correctly, Windows 2000 requires certain files on the system partition and certain files on the boot partition

Files Required on the System Partition

A Windows NT–based computer requires the following files to be in the root folder of the system partition, which is typically the root of drive C

! Ntldr This hidden, read-only system file loads the operating system

! Boot.ini This read-only system file is used to build the Operating System

Selection menu on Intel x86-based computers

! Ntdetect.com This hidden, read-only system file is used to examine the hardware available and to build a hardware list This information is passed back to Ntldr to be added to the registry later in the startup process

! Ntbootdd.sys This hidden, read-only system file is only present on systems that start from a small computer system interface (SCSI) hard disk, and for which the BIOS on the SCSI adapter is disabled This driver accesses devices that are attached to the SCSI adapter during the Windows 2000 startup sequence

To start, let’s look at the files

that are required by the

process

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Files Required on the Boot Partition

A Windows NT–based computer requires the following files to be on the boot partition, which is typically c:\winnt:

! Ntoskrnl.exe This is the Windows 2000 kernel file, located in the

! Device drivers These files support various device drivers, such as Ftdisk.dll and Scsidisk.dll

! Hal.dll The hardware abstraction layer (HAL) protects the kernel and the rest of the Windows 2000 Executive, a minimal version of the Windows

2000 kernel, from platform-specific hardware differences It manipulates hardware directly

The System.dat file is one of the files that make up the registry on Windows NT–based computers For more information about the registry, see

the topic “Windows 2000 Registry” in Microsoft Windows 2000 Help

Note

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The Windows 2000 Startup Process

# Win32 Subsystem Start

The Windows 2000 startup process occurs in two distinct stages: the startup sequence and the load phases

A system startup is not considered complete until a user successfully logs

on to the system

Startup Sequence

The startup sequence gathers information about hardware and drivers in preparation for the Windows 2000 load phases At the beginning of the startup sequence, Ntldr is loaded into memory

When you install Windows 2000, the installation process changes the boot sector so that Ntldr loads on system startup

During the startup sequence, Ntldr:

1 Switches the microprocessor from real mode into 32-bit flat memory mode Ntldr requires this 32-bit flat memory mode to function properly

2 Starts the appropriate minifile system drivers, which are built into Ntldr to find and load Windows 2000 from different file system formats

3 Reads the Boot.ini file if it is present, and then displays the operating system selections that are contained in the Boot.ini file This list of operating

system selections is called the Boot Loader Operating System Selection

Let’s take a look at the

startup process for Windows

2000

Note

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6 Loads Ntoskrnl.exe, Hal.dll, and System.dat

7 Scans System.dat and loads the device drivers that are configured to start at startup time

8 Starts Ntoskrnl.exe

Load Phases

When control is passed to Ntoskrnl.exe, Windows 2000 begins to load and initialize in four distinct phases: kernel load, kernel initialization, services load, and Win32 subsystem start

Kernel Load

After Ntoskrnl.exe is loaded, the HAL, which hides platform-specific hardware differences from Windows NT, is loaded Next, the System.dat file is loaded, and then scanned for drivers and services to be loaded at this stage Only drivers and services that are required for startup are loaded at this stage

Kernel Initialization

During kernel initialization, the kernel and drivers that are loaded during the kernel load phase are initialized In addition, the System.dat file is again scanned to determine which drivers should be loaded during this phase

Services Load

Session Manager (Smss.exe) loads and starts the remaining subsystems and services for Windows 2000 Session Manager carries out the instructions in several registry entries, including the BootExecute data item, which holds information about programs which must run when the computer is restarted, and the Memory Management key, which controls creation of the paging files

Win32 Subsystem Start

When the Win32 subsystem starts, it automatically starts Winlogon.exe, which starts the Local Security Authority (Lsass.exe) and displays the

CTRL+ALT+DEL logon dialog box

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" Using Advanced Startup Options to Start the

Computer

! What Are the Advanced Startup Options?

! Which Advanced Startup Options Are Available in Each Operating System?

! When to Use Each Advanced Startup Option

! Using the System Configuration Utility to Configure Startup Options

If a computer running Windows 2000, Windows 95, or Windows 98 does not start normally, you may be able to start it by using an advanced startup option For example, if a computer will not start after you install new software, you

may be able to start it in safe mode, which loads only default settings, including

a video graphics adapter (VGA) video driver, a Microsoft mouse driver, and the minimum device drivers You can then change your computer settings or remove the newly installed software that is causing the problem

You invoke the advanced startup options in Windows 2000 by pressing F8

when the Boot Loader Operating System Selection menu displays You can

also set startup options while running Windows 2000 by using the System Configuration Utility

To gain access to the advanced startup options for Windows 95 or Windows 98 operating systems, press F8 during system startup

several advanced startup

options that can help you

troubleshoot startup

problems

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What Are the Advanced Startup Options?

Logged (\BOOTLOG.TXT) Enable Boot Logging Logs all of the drivers and services that are loaded at startup to a file named Ntbtlog.txt.

Safe mode Uses only the basic drivers and files needed to start the computer

Step-by-step confirmation

(Windows 95 or Windows 98) Allows you to select each driver that loads as the system starts

Command prompt only

(Windows 95 or Windows 98) Starts the operating system with startup files and registry, displaying only the command prompt

(Windows NT-Based) Sends debugging information through a serial cable to another computer

Safe mode command prompt only/

Safe Mode Command Prompt

Same as Safe mode, but the command prompt is displayed instead of the Windows desktop, Start menu, and Taskbar.

Safe Mode with Networking Same as Safe mode, but also provides network connectivity

There are a number of advance startup options that are available on client computers running Windows operating systems

The following table describes the startup options that are available for the various client operating systems

Option Description

Logged (\Bootlog.txt)

Enable Boot Logging

Logs all of the drivers and services that are loaded at startup to a file named Ntbtlog.txt Ntbtlog.txt resides in the %windir% directory All of the safe mode options automatically log information to this file

Safe mode Starts the computer by using only the basic drivers and necessary files In safe

mode, Windows uses default settings (VGA Monitor, no network, Microsoft Mouse Driver, and the minimum drivers that are required to start Windows) You will not have access to CD-ROM drives, printers, and other devices Step-by-step confirmation In Windows 95– and Windows 98–based operating systems, this option enables

you to select each driver that loads as the system starts

Command prompt only In Windows 95– and Windows 98–based operating systems, this option enables

you to start the operating system with startup files and registry, displaying only a command prompt

Safe mode command prompt only

Safe Mode with Command

Prompt

Starts the computer in Safe mode, but a command prompt is displayed, instead

of the Windows desktop, Start menu, and Taskbar Windows NT–based operating systems still require you to log on

Safe Mode with Networking Starts the computer as in Safe mode, but also provides network connectivity Enable VGA mode Starts as in a normal startup, but Windows uses the basic VGA driver, instead of

any other video driver

Last Known Good Configuration In Windows NT–based operating systems, starts the computer by using the

configuration that was saved the last time the computer started properly

Debugging mode In Windows NT–based operating systems, sends debugging information through

a serial cable to another computer

Topic Objective

To identify the advanced

startup options that are

available for Windows client

operating systems

Lead-in

There are a number of

advance startup options that

are available on client

computers running Windows

operating systems

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On computers running a member of the Windows 2000 and Windows XP family of operating systems, there is an additional option for Windows domain controllers only, called Directory Services Restore Mode This option enables you to restore Active Directory™ directory service information on domain controllers

Note

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Which Advanced Startup Options Are Available in Each Operating

System?

Feature

Logged (\Bootlog.txt) Enable Boot Logging Safe mode

Step-by-step confirmation

Command prompt only Safe mode command prompt only Safe Mode Command Prompt Safe Mode with Networking

Enable VGA mode

Last Known Good Configuration

Debugging mode

Windows 9x

Windows NT

Windows 2000

Windows XP

A number of advanced startup options are available for Windows client computers, but not every option is available in every operating system

The following table shows which startup options are available in each Windows client operating system

Enable Boot Logging

Safe Mode with Command Prompt

Last Known Good Configuration No Yes (available after

selection of operating system)

Yes Yes

Topic Objective

To summarize the advanced

startup options that are

available in each Windows

client operating system

Lead-in

A number of advanced

startup options are available

for Windows client

computers, but not every

option is available in every

operating system

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When to Use Each Advanced Startup Option

Command prompt only

Safe mode

Step-by-step confirmation

Safe Mode with Networking

Enable VGA mode

Debugging mode

Safe mode command prompt only Safe Mode with Command Prompt

Last Known Good Configuration

Logged (\Bootlog.txt) Enable Boot Logging

?

Each advanced startup option has a specific function Understanding when to use each advanced startup option is essential in troubleshooting client computer startup options

The following table describes when to use each of the advanced startup options that are available on client computers running Windows operating systems

Enable Boot Logging

Determine the exact cause of system problems by determining which services and files did or did not load Boot logging shows each of the drivers that is loaded, whether it loaded successfully, and the order that drivers loaded The information in Bootlog.txt is written in sequence during startup, in roughly five major sections Depending on a specific error condition, you may be required to

examine multiple sections Notice, however, that a loadfailed= entry means only

that the related virtual device driver (VxD) did not load

Safe mode Start the system and load the minimum amount of required device drivers to

start the system and modify settings This option enables you to change settings for Windows 98 in an attempt to disable the feature that is not working properly After changing the necessary settings, restart the computer

Step-by-step confirmation Specify which commands and drivers the system will process by confirming

each line of the startup files Use this option if the startup process fails while loading the startup files, if any real-mode drivers must be loaded to run Windows 98 successfully, if you want to check for registry failure messages, if you want to verify that the expected drivers are being loaded, if you want to temporarily disable a specific driver or set of drivers, or if you want to check for errors in the startup files

Command prompt only Start Windows 98 with command-line switches to isolate problems with your

configuration Use the switches for troubleshooting only Use the information that you obtain to modify your existing configuration and eliminate the conflict Also use this option to repair disk corruption, or to repair system or registry files

Topic Objective

To identify when to use

each advanced startup

option

Lead-in

Each advanced startup

option has a specific use

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(continued)

Safe Mode with Command

Prompt

Run a utility from a command prompt or if you cannot start up in safe mode

The Safe Mode Command Prompt Only option loads the Command.com and

DoubleSpace or DriveSpace files (if present) It does not load Himem.sys, Ifshlp.sys, or Windows 98 Use this option if Windows 98 fails to start, even with the Safe Mode option, if you want to use command line tools, or if you want to avoid loading Himem.sys or Ifshlp.sys

Safe Mode with Networking Gain network access to get the files that are required to repair the system that

you are working on The Safe Mode with Networking option is not supported

in Windows 98

Enable VGA mode Start the computer when you install a new video driver that is causing Windows

2000 to not function properly This option is similar to Safe mode in that it uses

a standard VGA driver that is not specific to any specific video card, but loads all the other drivers

Last Known Good Configuration Start the computer when there is a configuration problem that requires

correction All configuration changes that were made since the last successful startup are removed and lost This option does not always work For more

information about when to use the Last Known Good configuration option, see

Using the Last Known Good Configuration to Start the Computer in Module 14,

“Troubleshooting Client Computer Startup and User Logon Problems” in Course

2126A, Managing a Microsoft Windows 2000 Network Environment

(Prerelease)

Debugging mode Gather debugging information about the startup process when you cannot read

debugging information on the damaged computer

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Using the System Configuration Utility to Configure Startup Options

You can use the System Configuration Utility (Msconfig.exe) to configure startup options on computers Windows client computer operating systems

You can also use Msinfo32.exe to check system configuration information or to start the System Configuration Utility

The System Configuration Utility provides a graphical interface for configuring the Windows startup environment You can use the System Configuration Utility to troubleshoot Windows client computer startup by modifying the configuration

The System Configuration Utility enables you to edit lines of Windows configuration files, such as Config.sys or System.ini, and provides the ability to prevent individual lines from executing or processing when the computer starts subsequently

To use the System Configuration Utility to show the startup options, perform the following steps:

1 Run Msconfig.exe

2 In the System Configuration Utility dialog box, on the General tab, click

Diagnostic startup, and then click OK

3 Restart the computer

Topic Objective

To identify the interface of

the System Configuration

Utility in Windows 2000

Lead-in

You can use the System

Configuration Utility to

configure startup options on

computers Windows client

computer operating

systems

Note

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Using the Last Known Good Configuration to Start the Computer

Using the LastKnownGood Configuration

Log on using Default configuration

Successful Start?

Successful

Yes Yes configuration Current

copied to LastKnownGood

by way of Clone

Current configuration copied to LastKnownGood

by way of Clone

Use LastKnownGood configuration

Shutdown Shutdown Restart No

Making Configuration Changes

Log on using Default configuration

Changes saved in CurrentControlSet

Change information copied to Default configuration

Modify configuration

Shutdown Shutdown

Windows 2000 provides two configurations for starting a computer: the Default configuration and the Last Known Good configuration You will usually use the Default configuration, unless the Default configuration is not operating

correctly, in which case it is recommended to use the Last Known Good configuration

Making Configuration Changes

You usually start a computer by using the Default configuration Each time you make a configuration change on a computer, the change is immediately stored

in the Current control set When the computer is shut down or restarted, those changes are copied to the Default configuration, which is used the next time that the computer is started

If you make a configuration change, such as adding a new device driver, and then encounter problems restarting the computer, it may be because your configuration changes damaged the Default configuration In this case, you can use the Last Known Good configuration to safely restart the computer

Topic Objective

To illustrate how the Last

Known Good configuration

is updated and used

Lead-in

The Last Known Good

configuration is

automatically updated after

a user successfully logs on

It is used as a safe startup

option when the default

configuration does not work

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Using the Last Known Good Configuration

During the kernel initiation sequence of the startup process, the kernel copies the information in the Current control set to the Clone control set After you log

on successfully, the information in the Clone control set is copied to the Last Known Good configuration

If you encounter startup problems that you believe are related to Windows 2000 configuration changes, use the Last Known Good configuration to start the computer by following these steps:

1 Shut down the computer without logging on

Be careful not to log on after startup problems because the Last Known Good configuration will be updated if you log on

2 Restart the computer

3 When you are prompted to select the operating system from which to start, press F8

4 On the Windows 2000 Advanced Options menu, use the down arrow to select Last Known Good Configuration, and then press ENTER

5 Select the operating system for which you want to use the Last Known Good configuration, and then press ENTER

When to Use the Last Known Good Configuration

The following table describes problems that will require you to use the Last Known Good configuration

Problem Solution

After you install

a new device driver, Windows

2000 stops responding

To start Windows 2000, use the Last Known Good configuration option during startup The Last Known Good configuration will not contain any reference to the new, and possibly defective, device driver

You accidentally disable a critical device driver

If a critical driver is disabled, use the Last Known Good configuration option during startup Some critical drivers are configured to prevent users from accidentally disabling them If these drivers are damaged, the computer automatically reverts to the Last Known Good configuration the next time that it starts

When Not to Use the Last Known Good Configuration

Do not use the Last Known Good configuration in the following circumstances:

! When the problem is not related to Windows 2000 configuration changes The Last Known Good configuration can only help you resolve

Caution

Key Points

The Last Known Good

configuration cannot resolve

problems that are not the

result of configuration

changes

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Lab A: Identifying Client Computer Startup Options

Objectives

After completing this lab, you will be able to:

! Create a Windows 98 boot log

! Start Windows 98 in Safe mode

! Start Windows 98 in Step-by-step mode

! Create a Windows 2000 boot log

! Start Windows 98 in Safe mode

! Start Windows 98 by using Last Known Good Configuration

Prerequisites

Before working on this lab, you must have:

! Knowledge about the Windows 98 startup process and the options that are available to change that process

! Knowledge about the Windows 2000 startup process and the options that are available to change that process

Scenario

In your new job, you must provide support for end users and are expected to troubleshoot startup problems You must become familiar with the startup options in Windows 98 and Windows 2000 that will help you troubleshoot startup problems

Estimated time to complete this lab: 45 minutes

Slide Objective

To introduce the lab

Lead-in

In this lab, you will identify

client computer startup

options

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