Unit 11: Source of Energy

 Nếu mệnh đề quan hệ được chia ở các thì tiếp diễn thì ta lược bỏ ĐTQH và động từ tobe đi.. → Present Participle Ving  Nếu MĐQH được chia ở các thì khác, thì ta lược bỏ đại từ quan h

1 The friend with I was travelling spoke

English.

a who b whose c whom d which

2 The woman opened the door was

wearing a yellow dress.

a who b which c when d whom

3 The man phoned me didn’t say his

name.

a who b which c where d whom







REDUCING RELATIVE CLAUSE

Ex: The man who is talking to John is my brother.

The man talking to John is my brother

Ex: English has an alphabet that consists of 26 letters.

 English has an alphabet consisting of 26 letters

Ex: Anyone who wants to come with us is welcome.

 Anyone wanting to come with us is welcome

 Nếu mệnh đề quan hệ được chia ở các thì tiếp

diễn thì ta lược bỏ ĐTQH và động từ tobe đi →

Present Participle (Ving)

 Nếu MĐQH được chia ở các thì khác, thì ta lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ trước rồi sau đó đưa động từ

Ex: The ideas which are presented in that book are

good

 The ideas presented in that book are good

 Nếu mệnh đề quan hệ được chia dưới dạng bị

động thì ta lược bỏ ĐTQH và động từ tobe đi →

Past Participle (Ved)

Exercise 1

1.  The boy playing the piano is Ben.

5.  The fence surrounding our house is made of wood.

6  We have an apartment overlooking the park.

Exercise 2

1  The ideas presented in that book are

interesting.

2  I come from a city located in the southern part of the country.

3  They live in a house built in 1890.

Ex: In 1986, Mexico became the first nation that

hosted the World Cup twice.

 In 1986, Mexico became the first nation that to host

the World Cup twice

Ex: Yuri Gagarin was the first man who flew into

space

 Yuri Gagarin was the first man to fly into space

Ex This is the last book that was written by J London.

 This is the last book to be written by J London

 Chúng ta dùng to infinitive để thay thế cho mệnh đề quan hệ Và to infinitive đóng vai trò là một bổ ngữ Chúng ta chỉ dùng to infinitive khi trước tiền ngữ có các tính từ sau: first, second, next, last,

only và sau tính từ so sánh nhất.

Exercise 3

1  John was the last man to reach the top of

the mountain.

3  The first person to see is Mr Smith.

4  This is the second person to be killed in that way.

Choose the best option

1 A dam is a wall building across a river to stop the

river’s flow and collect the water

2 I pulled off the sheets that covered the furniture

a to cover b cover

c covering d covered

3 The nuclear power plant that was completed last year

will come to operate tomorrow

a completing b to complete

c completed d to be completed





 (built) which is built

[ ∫r] [ spl ] [ spr ]

shrine splutter sprightly