Oracle 2 days DBA student guide

Use Oracle Universal Installer OUI to begin your software installation of the Enterprise Edition of Oracle Database 10g Release 2.. Select Basic Installation, and confirm the following s

Harald van Breederode

Mary Jane Bryksa

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Practice 2: Installing the Oracle Database Software

Background: In the practices of this course, you assume the role of a DBA The OS accounts on

your computer are:

 The oracle user with a password of oracle

 The root user with a password of oracle

The system administrator has set up the OS so that it is ready for the installation, and the installation media is staged at /stage/Disk1 Perform the following tasks as the default oracle OS user, unless otherwise indicated

Your Tasks

1 Use Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) to begin your software installation of the Enterprise Edition

of Oracle Database 10g Release 2 This is a “Basic Installation” of the Oracle software with a

“starter” database In the database, you unlock the HR schema that is used throughout the

following practice sessions

2 Select your installation method by entering and accepting the following settings:

Database Home Location /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

Create Starter Database Selected

3 When the prerequisite checks are finished, install the Oracle software and enable the

configuration assistants to create and configure your first database

4 Unlock the HR schema

5 When prompted, execute configuration scripts as the root user Accept the default for the local

bin directory When finished, exit the root OS user, close the XTerm window, and finish your

installation with OUI

Please make a note of your End of Installation URLs You will use them in later practice

sessions

iSQL*PlusURL:

iSQL*Plus DBA URL: _

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EM URL: _

Note: Completing this practice is critical for all following practice sessions

2 Select your installation method for OUI

a Select Basic Installation, and confirm the following settings:

Database Home Location /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1 Installation Type Enterprise Edition

Create Starter Database Selected

b Enter oracle as Database Password and Confirm Password Then click Next OUI is checking product-specific prerequisites

c Click Next, when OUI has finished its prerequisite checks Click Next again

3 When the prerequisite checks are finished, the Summary page is displayed

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a Click Install to begin your installation

After the installation, the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) begins to configure your database

4 Unlock the HR schema

a Click the Password Management button, when prompted

The Password Management page appears

b Scroll until you find the HR username, deselect Lock Account?, and enter hr in the New Password and Confirm Password fields

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c Click OK on the Password Management page, and then again on the Database Configuration Assistant page (The OK button is below the Password Management button.)

The next Configuration Assistant begins its work

5 When the Execute Configuration scripts page appears, follow the instructions on that page, and then finish your installation with OUI

a Double-click the XTerm icon on your desktop

b Run the orainstRoot.sh and root.sh scripts as root, and then click Continue

c Accept the default for the local bin directory

d Enter exit to exit the root OS user

e Close the XTerm window, and click OK on the Execute Configuration scripts page

The End of Installation page appears

g Click Exit, and then click Yes to leave OUI

h Close the terminal window in which you started OUI

You have installed the Oracle software and created your first database Congratulations!

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Practice 3: Using Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control

In the flower shop, Enterprise Manager will be used to manage the database In this practice, you verify that the dbconsole process is started, and log in to Enterprise Manager Database Control

1 Open a terminal window and log on to your PC as the oracle user

2 Verify that the Enterprise Manager dbconsole process is started by using the emctl utility to check the status

/home/oracle> emctl status dbconsole

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5 When Database Control needs to call a host operating system command, it must authenticate to

the operating system It is possible to save the host username and password by setting referred

credentials, so that they do not have to be entered for each command Close the browser after

completing this practice

Set preferred credentials for your host as follows:

a Click Preferences in the links at the top right of the Database Control page

b Click Preferred Credentials in the menu to the left of the Preferences property page

c Click the Set Credentials icon for the Host target

d Enter the operating system username oracle and password oracle for normal and

privileged operations Validate the entries by clicking Test

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e When the test completes successfully, store the credentials by clicking Apply

f f Close the browser

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Practice 4: Configuring the Oracle Network Environment

In this practice, you verify that the listener is started You also configure local naming to access

another database

1 Invoke Enterprise Manager Database Control by opening your browser and entering the

following URL: http://hostname:portnumber/em

Log in to the database as the SYS user

2 Click the Listener from the Database home page to verify that the listener is started

3 In the flower shop, there will be multiple computers that use the application and access

the database Work with another group in your classroom to simulate this requirement

Configure local naming so that you can access the other group’s database

a Click Net Services Administration from the related links at the bottom of the Listener

status page

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b Select Local Naming from the Administer drop-down list and click Go

c Enter host login information and select the Save as Preferred Credential check box

Click Login

d Click Create to enter a new network service name

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- Enter testorcl for the Net Service Name

- Select Use Service Name and enter orcl for the service name

- Select Database Default

e Click Add in the Addresses region

- Select the TCP/IP protocol

- Enter 1521 for the listener port

- Enter the host name or IP address for your partner’s computer

- Click OK to return to the Create Net Service Name property page Click OK

4 Test the new network service name

a Select the testorcl service

b Click Test Connection

c Enter the password of oracle for dbsnmp and click Test

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d Click OK

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Practice 5: Managing the Oracle Instance

In this practice, you use Enterprise Manager to shut down and restart your instance In addition, you explore the initialization parameters in your database and become familiar with the alert log and trace files

1 Log in to Database Control as the SYS user with a SYSDBA connection

2 Shut down your instance

a Click Shutdown

b Enter host operating system credentials: username: oracle, password: oracle

c Enter database credentials: username: sys, password: <the password you gave SYS when you

created the database>

d Click OK, and then click Yes

Question: What are the advanced options used for?

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3 Restart your instance

a Exit Database Control Wait for about two minutes, and then reopen Database

Control

b Click Startup

c Enter host operating system credentials: username: oracle, password: oracle

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d Enter database credentials: username: sys, password: <the password you gave SYS when you

created the database>

e Click OK, and then click Yes

4 View the alert log to see what information was recorded when you restarted your instance

a Log in to Database Control

b Click Alert Log Content in the Related Links region at the bottom of the home page

c Move to the end of the log Find:

- The time when the database was opened

- The location where background trace files will be written (BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST)

- The version of the database

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5 Access the Memory Parameters page to view the values for the memory parameters

a Navigate to the Administration property page

b Click Memory Parameters

c The Memory Parameters chart is displayed

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Practice 6: Managing Database Storage Structures

In this practice, you use Enterprise Manager to manage the storage structures of your database

You verify whether the control file has been multiplexed and multiplex the redo log groups

Finally, you create new tablespaces for tables and other objects in your flower shop database

1 Log in to Database Control as the SYS user with a SYSDBA connection

2 Access the Administration page, and click the Control Files link in the Storage region Verify

whether the control files in your database have been multiplexed

Question: Control files are multiplexed to decrease the chance of losing all control files from a

single failure What would you do in a production system to improve the control file multiplexing

shown above?

3 Return to the Administration property page Click Redo Log Groups

Question: How could you improve the current configuration to make your system more reliable?

4 Multiplex the redo log files in your database to protect against loss

a Select group 1 Click Edit and then click Add

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b Enter redo01_02.log in the File Name field

c Accept the default file directory, and click Continue

d Click Apply to save your changes

5 Click Redo Log Groups Verify that group 1 now has two members

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6 Repeat step 4 for the remaining two log groups For group 2, use a file name

7 Your flower shop database requires two tablespaces One tablespace will be used to store tables

and the other tablespace will be used for indexes Create a locally managed tablespace named

FSDATA he data file for this tablespace should be named flowers_data.dbf and should be

stored in the /u01/app/oracle/oradata directory

a From the Administration property page, click Tablespaces

b Click Create

c Enter FSDATA in the Name field

d Select Locally Managed, Permanent, and Read Write

e Click Add to enter the following information about the tablespace’s data file:

- Enter flowers_data.dbf in the File Name field

- Select the default file directory

- Enter 100 MB as the file size

- Select “Automatically extend datafile when full (AUTOEXTEND).”

- Enter 100 MB in the Increment field

- Select Value and enter 1 GB as the maximum file size

- Click Continue and then OK to create the tablespace

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8 Repeat step 7 to create a locally managed tablespace named FSINDX The data file for this tablespace should be named flowers_indx.dbf All other settings should be the same as the FSDATA tablespace

Question: Why did you select “Automatically extend datafile when full”?

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Practice 7: Administering Users and Security

In this practice, you use Enterprise Manager to create a role and two users

1 Log in to Database Control as the SYS user with a SYSDBA connection

2 Create the flower shop owner user with the following characteristics:

Temporary tablespace: TEMP

Default tablespace: FSDATA

a Click Users in the Users and Privileges region on the Administration property page

b Click Create

c Enter FSOWNER in the Name field

d Select the default profile and password authentication

e Enter FSOWNER in the Enter Password and Confirm Password fields

f Enter FSDATA in the Default Tablespace field

Hint: Click the flashlight icon for a list of available tablespaces

g Enter TEMP in the Temporary Tablespace field

3 Grant the CREATE SESSION and CREATE TABLE system privileges to the flower shop

owner:

a Select the user from the list of users displayed after the previous practice Click Edit, System

Privileges, and then click Edit List

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b Scroll down the list of available system privileges until you find CREATE SESSION and

CREATE TABLE Use the arrow button to move them to the Selected System Privileges

c Click OK

4 Grant quota on the FSDATA and FSINDX tablespaces to the flower shop owner

a Click Quotas

d Click Apply to assign the quotas to FSOWNER

5 Grant Enterprise Manager administrative privileges to the FSOWNER user

Hint: For more information about this task, refer to the lesson titled “Using Oracle Enterprise

Manager Database Control.”

a Click Setup from the links at the top of the Database Control page

b Under Administrators, click Create to create a new administrator

c Enter FSOWNER in the Name, Password, and Confirm Password fields

d Leave Email Address blank

e Click

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6 Create a role for the flower shop retail clerk named FSCLERK with the CREATE

SESSION privilege:

Note: After you create tables and other objects in the next lesson, you grant object

privileges to this role

a Click Roles in the Users and Privileges region of the Administration property page

b Click Create and enter FSCLERK in the Name field, and then select None from the

Authentication drop-down list

c Click System Privileges, and then click Edit List

d Scroll down the list of available system privileges until you find CREATE SESSION

Use the arrow button to move it to the Selected System Privileges

e Click OK, and then click OK again to create the role

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7 Create the first flower shop retail clerk with the following characteristics:

Temporary tablespace: TEMP

a On the Administration property page, click Users

b Click Create

c Enter FSCLERK1 in the Name field

d Select the DEFAULT profile and password authentication

e Enter FSCLERK1 in the password and confirm password fields

f Enter FSDATA in the Default Tablespace field

g Enter TEMP in the Temporary Tablespace field

8 Grant the FSCLERK role to the FSCLERK1 user

a Click Roles and then click Edit List