IPoDWDM deep dive Jusep Unserman

Cisco Confidential 4 the largest portion of the traffic will rule the design the largest portion of the traffic must be as close to fiber as possible, eliminate overlay the largest po

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IP Traffic will increase 4x from 2009 to 2014

Central & Eastern Europe will be 2.3EB/month (3.6%

of the global 64EB/month)

Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index—Forecast, 2009–2014 [Cisco VNE]

IP Traffic

Internet Traffic

Business IP traffic will increase 2.6x (21% CAGR), only video will grow 10x

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the largest portion of the traffic will rule the design

the largest portion of the traffic must be as close to fiber as

possible, eliminate overlay

the largest portion of the traffic must pass the lowest possible

number of nodes

the number of changes in the network must be minimal when

adding more capacity; use statistical multiplex - small traffic follows big traffic

Watch TCO, Price/Performance ratio, Watt/Gigabit ratio,

investment protection (h/w upgradeability, s/w roadmaps)

How to move bits cheaper

reduce OPEX, CAPEX, and keep reasonable quality?

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Not multiple single-service networks Key enablers are Virtualization, QoS and Security.

Moving bits cheaper 100GE evolution, Price/Gigabit and Watt/Gigabit reduction.

Statistical Multiplex (IP/MPLS, MPLS-TP) and Division Multiplex (DWDM, OTN).

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Cisco Confidential 7

Designing End to End IP/MPLS

Static Transport Layer

Protection is in the IP domain

• Hierarchical Design with optical router bypass

• Still simple upgrades

• Cheaper bandwidth

• Quality is kept

Flat Design (full mesh between IP routers) Fewer nodes, Much more Links

Complex upgrades, complex QoS

Dynamic Transport Layer (G.MPLS, VCAT/ODU-FLEX) Protection in the Optical domain

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Metro Aggregation

Core

BNG (Edge)

Internet Gateways

The Quality of IP NGN Design

• Hierarchy (P is connected to PE)

• One network, one IGP (not multiple)

• QoS and Security everywhere

• Scalability – where will 40/100GE start?

The Quality of IP NGN Design

• Hierarchy (P is connected to PE)

• One network, one IGP (not multiple)

• QoS and Security everywhere

• Scalability – where will 40/100GE start?

SSN – Single Service Node (eg BRAS, IGW) MSN – Multiservice Node (eg P router)

•SSN-MSN link = ok

safe operation

•MSN-MSN link = think twice!

such link needs proper QoS and capacity mgt

•SSN-SSN link = stop!

don’t break the hierarchy, don’t create another net

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100GE

IEEE 802.3ba ratified

CRS-3 today, in 2011/12 also ASR9K & Nexus7K

OTN (Optical Transport Network)

OTN Framing

implemented today for Ethernet interfaces – ITU-T G.709

CRS, ASR9000, 7600, CPT, ONS (ODU2e, ODU3, future ODU4)

OTN Aggregation

implemented today for 10GE ODU3 (future Any-Rate, ODU4, MPLS-TP)

ONS15454 Muxponder

OTN Switching

geographically very large countries, or very dense 10G E-Line networks (G.MPLS)

developed for next generation portfolio

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• All lambdas upgraded to 100Gbps

• Sub-100G services provided by OTN OEO

Advantages All lambdas on a fibre are 100G

Disadvantages 100TXP investment upfront Need an additional OTN OEO All 10G TXPs are obsolete

10G and 100G DWDM

Coexistence

10G and 100G lambdas co-exist on same fibre

Packet uses 100G, everything else 10G

Advantages Only high demand clients upgraded to 100G

Protects existing 10G DWDM investment

Lowest cost per bit (100G TXPs>10 x10G TXPs)

Disadvantages Need a guard band between 10G and 100G

OTN Multiplexing

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No No No

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Wholesale and retail Ethernet services :

E-Line, E-Tree and E-LAN

~90% of Ethernet market place <1GE in 2013

What is the most efficient way to support these

Ethernet Services? OTN circuits or Packets?

Source Infonetics 2009 and Cisco VNI

domain for OTN domain for MPLS

Circuit

Packet

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Routers

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• Silicon has fundamentally followed Moore’s law

• Optics is fundamentally an analog problem

Routers: 23% Cumulative Average $/Gbps Drop per year / fewer ASICs

Optics: $/G stays flat (best case) or increases from one technology to the next

Cisco Core Router Example

10G/40G/100G Networking Ports Biannual Worldwide and Regional Market Size and Forecasts

May 2010

NEW

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RSP, Route/Switch Processor (instead of RP and FC)

Ethernet-oriented Linecard (non-modular, less memory)

4x 10G NPU (instead of 1x 40G NPU)

one full-duplex NPU shared for rx and tx (instead of 2 dedicated NPU’s)

2x 40G fabric interface (instead of 1x 80G fabric interface)

8/16 queues per port (instead of thousands)

lower-scale NPU (no need for thousands of interfaces)

licenses for features that not everybody uses (IPoDWDM, SyncE, VPN, )

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Cisco CRS

very modular router anatomy

buff.

IOS Q

buff.

IOS Q

141G rx 225G tx

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- shared for RX & TX processing

- more independent NPU’s per card

Trident NPU

- 15 Gbps, 14 Mpps (2x)

- shared for RX & TX processing

- more independent NPU’s per card

NP NP

buff.

Transport LC – 16x TGE OS

NP NP

buff.

IOS

NP NP

buff.

NP NP

buff.

NP NP NP NP

• CPU + Switch Fabric

• active/active SF

RSP (Route/Switch Processor)

• CPU + Switch Fabric

• active/active SF

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Edge-facing Card Core-facing Card Over-subscribed Card

CRS-1 EMSE MSC40 $50K FP40 + 4xTGE $19K FP40 + 8xTGE $16K

-CRS-3 EMSE MSC140 $29K FP140 + 14xTGE $18K FP140 + 20xTGE $15K

ASR9000 A9K-8T-B $16K A9K-8T-L $9.25K A9K-8T/4-L $5.75K

Watt per TGE (max.)

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IPoDWDM

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Invest in High Capacity SDH/SONET/OTN

10 transponders needed

4-14 Short Reach optics

Every Lambda OEO

Addt’l transponder & SR for each λ

Expensive switch w/active electronics

OTN OEO SDH/SONET Solution

Short Reach Optics I/F

Cross Connect (XC)

IPoDWDM Solution

ROADMs

Tunable DWDM I/F Router

Eliminate Unnecessary OEO XC & Transponders

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Core Router

Electrical XC

Metro Network

Electrical switching – OEO conversions

Metro

Network

Manual patching of

10G connections

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Photonic switching –

no OEO conversions

ROADM

Core Router

Common Network Management and Control

Mesh

ROADM

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• Integration of core routers with optical transport platform

2 layer in one reduced OPEX

Eliminates need O-E-O modules (transponders) in transport platform

Integration at control plane level (pre-FEC FRR) to improve network resiliency

• Increased rack space and power efficiency

• Possible integration with 3rd party transport equipment

modulations for high speed channels

ODB, DPSK+ for 40 Gbps

CP-DQPSK planned for 100 Gbps

• Available for CRS, ASR 9000, 7600, and 12000

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Before

Router Transponder ROADM

Transponder Integrated into Router Transponder Integrated into Router

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Ensure you are user of user group in proper task group

Configure DWDM controller using CLI:

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ITU-T G.709 Performance Monitoring

Line Card State

LOS = 0 LOF = 0 LOM = 0

BDI = 0 IAE = 0 BIP = 0

pre-FEC BER = 9.53E-8 Q = 5.26 Q Margin = 5.49

Remote FEC Mode: Unknown

FECMISMATCH = 0

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Optical Alarms Trace & Performance Monitoring

On-Board TDC included

on 2 nd Generation

show controllers dwdm 0/15/0/0 (cont)

Port dwdm0/15/0/0

Detected Alarms: None

Asserted Alarms: None

Alarm Reporting Enabled for: LOS LOF LOM IAE OTU-BDI OTU-TIM OTU_SF_BER OTU_SD_BER

ODU-AIS ODU-BDI OCI LCK PTIM ODU-TIM FECMISMATCH

BER Thresholds: OTU-SF = 10e-3 OTU-SD = 10e-6

OTU TTI Sent String ASCII: Tx TTI Not Configured

OTU TTI Received String ASCII: Rx TTI Not Recieved

OTU TTI Expected String ASCII: Exp TTI Not Configured

ODU TTI Sent String ASCII: Tx TTI Not Configured

ODU TTI Received String ASCII: Rx TTI Not Recieved

ODU TTI Expected String ASCII: Exp TTI Not Configured

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Performance Monitoring Over Time

Current Interval

Past Intervals

show controllers dwdm 0/15/0/0 pm history fec

Port dwdm0/15/0/0

g709 FEC in the current interval [ 1:30:00 - 01:31:21 Mon Jun 28 2010]

EC-BITS : 238922 Threshold : 0 TCA(enable) : NO

UC-WORDS : 0 Threshold : 0 TCA(enable) : NO

g709 FEC in interval 1 [ 1:15:00 - 1:30:00 Mon Jun 28 2010]

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APS channel is used for alarm signaling

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Proactive Protection

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RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# controller dwdm 0/0/0/0

proactive

log signal /disk0:/logfile1 /* start logging to the file

proactive trigger threshold 5 3 /* BER = 5E-3, window=30ms

proactive trigger window 100 /* changed to 100ms

proactive revert threshold 4 3

commit

RP/0/0/CPU0:router# sh controller dwdm 0/0/0/0 proactive

Proactive protection status: ON/OFF

Proactive protection state: Normal - interface is active

Inputs affecting proactive protection state:

Transport Admin State : IS/OOS/OOS-MT

Trigger Threshold: 3e-4

Revert Threshold: 5e-5

Trigger Integration Window: 100ms

Revert Integration Window: 2000ms

Received APS: 0x00 (No Request)

Transmitted APS request: 0x0A (Signal Degrade)

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1 A-Z Provisioning sets congruent threshold for pre-FEC BER

2 Whenever a degrade is detected, i.e the BER pre-FEC

threshold is crossed at REGEN, REGEN propagates a Degrade indication forward and backward

3 FRR detects the degrade indication and switch

Regen

Threshold crossed at a regen, causing a signal towards upstream and downstream routers

Activates L3 switching

signal

Router-B

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– FRR decides protection path ahead of a failure

– Can be wrong w/o SRLG data

What appears diverse in L2/L3 may not be diverse in L1

– Manual SRLG entry is error prone and not up to date

– SRLGs can be mined from the Optical layer and fed to IP layer

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in Info Model

Comm Inside the

NE (IPC)

Alarm

EMS

DWDM Router Interfaces

TL-1/CORBA/XML

Config

DWDM Main Controller w/ Info Model Database

Virtual Transponder Representation in Info Model

LMP

IPoDWDM: Can Be Managed w/out Significant Changes

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CESNET 40G IPoDWDM Testing 2009

G.652

Balanced G.655

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Requirements:

„Big box” – multichassis OC-768

QoS Multicast IPv6

nx10GigE, not same as 40G

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40GE and 100GE

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Standard Update

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High Speed Ethernet Standard Interfaces

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High Speed Ethernet – Not To Exceed Pricing Estimated Not to Exceed List Prices (Industry-wide)

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Historical Adoption of High Speed Ethernet

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70 pins

4x3.125G

E-interface:

70 pins 4x3.125G

30 pins 1x10G

20 pins 1x10G

E-interface:

148 pins 4x10G (XLAUI) 10x10G (CAUI)

38 pins 4x10G

High-Speed Transceivers Form Factors

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High-Speed Ethernet Transceiver Landscape

Applications:

Single Mode Fiber 10-40+Km

Multimode Parallel Fiber

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CFP features a new concept known as the riding

heat sink, in which the heat sink is attached to

rails on the host card and “rides” on top of the

CFP, which is flat topped

High-Speed Ethernet Transceiver Landscape

CXP was created to satisfy the high-density requirements of the data center, targeting parallel interconnections for 12x QDR InfiniBand (120 Gbps),

100 GbE, and proprietary links between systems collocated in the same facility The InfiniBand Trade Association is currently standardizing the CXP.

100GbE CFP requires

“Riding HeatSink” SMF optimized 100GbE CXP MMF/Twinax optimized

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1x 100GBE

Line-rate performance (100Gbps)

CFP optics (LR4)

FP-140 – Core & Peering @ 140 Gbps

8 queues per port, ACL, Netflow

MSC-140 – High-speed edge @ 140Gbps

HQoS, 64,000 queues, 12,000 interfaces

Interface Module

Forwarding Processor

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CRS 400G per slot

ASR9000 80G per slot

ASR9000 200G per slot

100GE 100GE OTU4

40GE OTU3e 10GE OTU2e

10GE

OTU2e

STM-256 OTU3

10GE

STM-256

100GE/40GE OTU

7600 ES+

40G per slot

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80Gbps/60Mpps, CFP transceivers 16x 10GE version also available

240Gbps/120Mpps, QSFP transceivers (focused on DC distances)

200Gbps/120Mpps, CFP transceivers (focused on wide-area distances)

Target FCS CY11

Data Center

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• Increase distances utilizing Cisco Advanced FEC

• Advanced signal processing to address:

CD Compensation PMD Mitigation Single Channel Non-linear impairment mitigation

• To be implemented on both router interfaces and transport NEs

4 x 50G ADC

Signal Processing

PIN PIN PIN PIN

In-phase Quadrature

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