Textile Fiber Analysis methods

 Fiber physics is the study of the structure and physical properties of the fibers  So fiber investigation methods and studying of fiber structure is very important to knowing about th

I DENTIFICATION O F F IBER

S TRUCTURE

By Aravin prince P

 Fiber physics is the study of the

structure and physical properties of the

fibers

 So fiber investigation methods and

studying of fiber structure is very

important to knowing about the fiber

properties

M ETHOD OF INVESTIGATION OF FIBER

STRUCTURE

 Absorption of IR radiation

 X- Diffraction studies

 Optical microscopy

 Electron microscopy

 Thermal analysis

 Density method

 Nuclear magnetic resonance

 Atomic force microscopy

X-R AY D IFFRACTION

 X rays are electro magnetic waves Range is

between (1 to 2 Å i.e 1*10 10 )

 It is a independent method to determine the

amount of crystalline matter present in a fiber

 This idea is based on classical approach in

which fibers are considered as a mixture of

crystalline and amorphous matrix with each part

producing a different type of X-Ray diffraction

 When X-Ray beam is incident on a crystalline

material, diffraction give rise to sharp rings or

peaks

 Where as non crystalline material produce

broad diffuse scattering

 The diffraction efficiency of crystalline and non

crystalline pattern are same

E LECTRON M ICROSCOPE

 Normal optical microscope we can find out up

to 0.5Åresolution only ,

 By using of electron microscope we can able to

find out up to 5Å,

 The rays from electron source are condensed

on the specimen,

 Here only dry sample can be examined,

 Contrast in the image depends on the variation

in scattering of the electrons by parts of the

specimen of differing density.

 Electron microscope method is better to

examining the surface of the fiber,

 The main use of EM in fiber science has been in

the range of medium to high magnification,

which is near or beyond the limit of the

microscope.

aravinp

INFRA RED

 It is a composed by electro magnetic

waves

 Wave length between 1 to 15 µ

 It is used to determine the chemical

formula for the textile fiber

 I.R is used to study about the crystalline

and non crystalline part ( where as X

Ray is only study about crystalline part)

 Reflection of CH3 is differ from CH2 so I

will help to find out the atom structure

and its chemical structure

LINE DIAGRAM OF I.R SPECTROSCOPY

ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPE

 The atomic force microscope (AFM) or scanning

force microscope (SFM) is a very high-resolution

type of scanning probe microscopy , with

demonstrated resolution of fractions of a nanometre,

more than 1000 times better than the optical

diffraction limit

 The AFM consists of a cantilever with a sharp tip

(probe) at its end that is used to scan the specimen

surface

 AFM include mechanical contact force , Vander walls

forces, capillary forces, chemical bonding ,electrostatic

forces , magnetic forces, and etc

ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPE

ARAVIN PRINCE P

Thank You ara vinprin

1) http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/24/

Electron_Microscope.png

2) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Atomic_force_mi

croscope_block_diagram.svg

3) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ernst_Ruska_El

ectron_Microscope Deutsches_Museum_-_Munich-edit.jpg

4) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Xray_diffraction_

pattern_3clpro.jpg