Tài liệu Windows Forms

Tài liệu Windows Forms

Chapter 3

Programming with Windows Forms Chapter 3

Programming with Windows Forms

Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Information Technology

Natural Sciences University

Introduction Windows Forms

How to handle events in Windows Forms Adding controls to forms (design-time) Dynamically adding controls to Forms (runtime)

Using Complex Controls

Creating GUI Components

Working with Menu

Creating MDI applications with Windows Forms

Deploying Windows Forms Applications

What is Windows Forms (a.k.a

WinForms)?

What is Windows Forms (a.k.a

WinForms)?

Windows Forms is part of the NET

framework

core classes in System.Windows.Forms

namespace

design-time support in various namespaces

Windows Forms provides classes for

building UIs

e.g custom forms, common controls, standard dialogs

Visual Studio NET provides tools for using Windows Forms

templates for common starting places, and a visual designer

Windows Forms Application

Structure

Windows Forms Application

Structure

A Windows Forms application has three pieces

the application itself

forms in the application

controls on the form

Application

mainForm

MyForm

label1 button1

Label

“Hell…”

Button

“OK”

The Application class represents the application

itself

no instances (all properties and methods are static)

processes UI events delivered by Windows

Run, DoEvents

provides access to application environment

ExecutablePath, StartupPath

CommonAppDataPath, UserAppDataPath

CommonAppDataRegistry, UserAppDataRegistry

class MyApp {

public static void Main() {

MyForm form = new MyForm();

System.Windows.Forms.Application.Run(form);

}

}

Instances of the Form class represent

windows

provide window-style services, e.g.

custom forms typically derive from base Form

class

class MyForm : Form { public MyForm() { this.Text = "This is my form!";

this.Location = new Point(10, 10);

this.Size = new Size(100, 100);

} }

Form appearance

Various properties influence a form’s appearance

Often, changing a property results in event notification

Property Type Purpose

Controls are visual components

System.Windows.Forms.Control is base class for UI elements

e.g Form, Button, Label, TextBox, ListBox, etc.

contained and arranged by parent (usually a Form)

held in parent’s Controls collection

public class MyForm : Form {

private Button button1;

public MyForm() {

button1 = new Button();

button1.Text = "Click Me!";

button1.Location = new Point(10, 10);

this.Controls.Add(button1);

} }

Control interaction (part 1)

Public events are used by control

“consumers”

containing form/control registers for events of interest

public class MyForm : Form

{

private Button button1;

public MyForm()

{

button1 = new Button();

button1.Click += new EventHandler(button1_Click);

{

// Handle event as needed

}

}

Control interaction (part 2)

Derived controls/forms have two approaches

may register for base class events

may override corresponding virtual functions (if provided)

Decision driven by functionality desired, not

performance

event versus override approach equivalent in many cases overriding provides control over when/if events are fired

public EveryOtherClickButton : Button

{

private int clickNum = 0;

clickNum++;

if( (clickNum % 2) == 0 )

}

}

Complex Controls

Complex Controls

Docking Controls

Anchor a control to

one edge of its container

Make a control fill

the available space in its container

Splitter Windows

Allow docked controls to be resized at run time

by the user

Panels Control

Group controls together or subdivide a form into functional areas

Controls for Navigating Data

The Explorer Interface

User Controls

for a graphical control that will be used on a Windows Form

Inherits from

System.Windows.Forms.UserControl

Inherited Properties

can override these properties.

Inherited Events

can override these inherited events if you need

to, but it is best if you override only the inherited

overriding the base event, so that future controls may benefit from the standards.

displays a menu at run time.

All submenus of the main menu and individual items are MenuItem objects.

is used to provide users with an easily

accessible Pop-up menus that appear when you right-click a form or control

MDI applications

MDI – Multiple Document Interface

Form Properties

IsMDIContainer

MDIParent

ActiveMDIChild

MenuItem Properties

MergeType & MergeOrder

MDIList

Arrange MDIChilds

MdiLayout.TileVertical

Deploying Windows Forms

Applications

Deploying Windows Forms

Applications

Microsoft Windows

Installer Service

keeps track of every

application that's

installed on a computer

allows to uninstall,

repair, or reinstall a

package based on the

state of the machine

allows to roll back

installations

Deployment Projects

Templates

Deploying Windows Forms

Applications (cont)

Deploying Windows Forms

Applications (cont)

Creating a Windows Installer Package

Setup project properties

File Installation Management

Registry Settings Management

File Types Management

User Interface Management

Custom Actions Management

Launch Condition Management

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