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1.0 Anatomy of shipping 1.1 Car Carrier Ship.

Type of cargoes: Land Transports

1.2 Container Ship.

Type of cargoes: Tobacco, Electronic Components, Clothing, etc

1.3 Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Ship

Type of cargoes: Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)

1.4 Bulk Carrier

Type of cargoes: Grains, Coal, Timber, Cement, Metal, Reefer, Livestock

Multipurpose

Type of cargoes: Bulk Cargoes, Bagged Cargoes, Containers and General Cargo

2.0 Cargo Handling Equipments.

Definition:

2.1 Quay Crane / Gantry.

Use: To load and unload container from ship to shore and from shore to ship

2.2 Container Stacker.

Use: To stack container

2.3 Mobile Crane.

Use: Transfer of cargoes

2.4 Forklift.

Use: use spreader to carry container

2.5 Ship Gear.

Use: To load and lashed cargoes

2.6 Pallet Jet.

Use: Transfer small cargoes

2.7 Prime Mover.

Use: To mobile cargo, also called haulage

2.8 Straddle Carrier.

Use: To arrange cargoes stag

2.9 Knuckle Boom Crane.

Use: lift cargoes and equipments onboard ship

2.10 RTG

Use: To arrange cargoes stag

3.0 Processes and steps in registering a Ship in Malaysia

Step 1

1 Formal application for registry to be made by the Owner in writing to the Registrar at the Port of Intended Registry In the case of

1.1 Individuals.

This should indicate full personal particulars of the applicant(s)

1.2 Body Corporate.

This should include full particulars of all Directors

Step 2

2 The following documents or forms are to be submitted by the Owner.

2.1 Notice of Name Proposed (form obtained from the Registrar)

To be submitted in duplicate

2.2 Evidence of Entitlement to Own a Malaysian ship

i) In the case of Individual(s)

• Citizenship Certificate or Malaysian NRIC to be produce

ii) In the case of a Body Corporate with Principal Place of Business in Malaysia.

• Memorandum And Article of Association and Certificate of Incorporation to be produced with a certified copy

• A certification under the Common Seal of the Corporation to the effect that the majority shareholding including the voting share of the Corporation is held by Malaysian citizens free from any trust or obligation in favor of a non-Malaysian

• A certification under the Common Seal of the Corporation to the effect that at least three-fifth of the total number of Directors in the Corporation is Malaysian

c) Authority Form (form available at the Registrar)

• Appointment of Public Officer authorized to make declaration on behave

of an Owner (For a Body Corporate)

d) Declaration of Ownership (form available at the Registrar)

e) Builder's Certificate

• To be produced as evidence of title to ownership Deletion Certificate, if vessel has been registered before under another flag

f) Bill of Sale

• Original and duly authenticated bill of sale to be produced as and evidence

of title of ownership if vessel has passed through more than one Owner before present application for registry

g) Certification of Survey

• To be submitted The Certificate of Survey is issued to the Owner by the Surveyor of Ships after survey of the vessel and payment of the

appropriate fee

h) Memorandum as to the registration of the Managing Owners etc.

i) Application for International Code of signal, if required (Form available

from Registrar)

j) A certification from the Royal Custom Department that the Import

Duties have been paid or exempted form, if applicable.

Step 3

3 When the above forms or documentation have been correctly submitted, the

Registrar will appropriate an Official Number to the vessel and will issue a

Carving and Marking Note

Step 4

4 The Carving and Marking Note are to be certified by the Surveyor of Ships and then returned to the Registrar by the Owner (Duplicate is retained by the Surveyor

of Ships)

Step 5

5 Payment of Registration fees to be made by the Owner to the Registrar

Step 6

6 Entry of First Registry in the Register Book by the Registrar

Step 7

7 Issue of Certificate of Registry to the Owner by the Registrar

4.0 Five Famous Ports

4.1 Singapore Port

The Port of Singapore refers to the collective facilities and terminals that conduct

maritime trade handling functions in Singapore's harbours and which handle Singapore's shipping Currently the world's busiest port in terms of total shipping tonnage, it also handles a quarter of the world's shipping containers as the world's busiest container port, half of the world's annual supply of crude oil, and is the world's busiest transshipment port It was also the busiest port in terms of total cargo tonnage handled until 2005, when

it was surpassed by Shanghai Thousands of ships drop anchor in the harbour, connecting the port to over 600 other ports in 123 countries and spread over six continents

The Port of Singapore is not a mere economic boon, but an economic necessity due to the fact that Singapore is lacking in land and natural resources The Port is critical for

importing natural resources, and then later re-exporting them after they have been refined and shaped in some manner, for example wafer fabrication or oil refining to generate revenue Only then can the service industry such as hospitality services typical of a port

of call, for example, restocking a ship's food and water supplies, take their role The Straits of Johor is currently impassable by all ships as the Johor-Singapore Causeway links Singapore to Malaysia.The port was documented in a MegaStructures programme

of the National Geographic Channel called "World's Busiest Port"

4.2 Hong Kong Port

The port of Hong Kong, located by the South China Sea, is a deepwater seaport

dominated by trade in containerised manufactured products, and to a lesser extent raw materials and passengers A key factor in the economic development of Hong Kong, the natural shelter and deep waters of Victoria Harbour provide ideal conditions for berthing and handling all types of vessels It is one of the busiest ports in the world, in the three categories of shipping movements, cargo handled and passengers carried

4.2.1 Moorings and anchorages

The Marine Department operates and maintains 58 mooring buoys for sea-going vessels

Of these 31 are suitable for ships up to 183 metres in length and 27 for ships up to 137 metres There are 44 special typhoon mooring buoys to which ships can remain secured during typhoons This improves efficiency and reduces operational costs of vessels through elimination of unnecessary movements In addition to the three Immigration and Quarantine Anchorages designated for visiting vessels to complete port formalities, there are eight dangerous goods and eight general-purpose anchorages providing temporary berthing spaces for vessels The areas and water depths of the anchorages are diversified

to accommodate different sizes and draughts of ships calling at Hong Kong There are over 460 modern marine aids to navigation scattered throughout Hong Kong waters to guide mariners to and from their berths

4.3 Port of Rotterdam, Netherlands

Rotterdam is Europe’s largest logistic and industrial hub The port is the gateway to a European market of 450 million consumers More than 500 scheduled services link Rotterdam with over 1000 ports worldwide Throughput in 2005 amounted to 370 million tonnes The port has a depth of 24 meters (75 feet) and Rotterdam has no locks The port and industrial area stretches over a length of 40 kilometers and covers 10,000 hectares Companies can find all imaginable facilities here for cargo handling, distribution and industry A lot of auxiliary services are also on hand Rotterdam is, for example, Europe’s cheapest bunker port Due to the size of the operations, the port offers significant

advantages of scale

4.4 Shanghai Port, China

The Port of Shanghai, located in the vicinity of Shanghai, comprises a deep-sea port and

a river port In 2005, with a total of 443 million tons of cargo transported, it became the world's busiest port by cargo tonnage for the first time

The Port of Shanghai faces the East China Sea to the east, and Hangzhou Bay to the south It includes the heads of the Yangtze River, Huangpu River (which enters the Yangtze River), and Qiantang River

4.5 Manila Port, Philippines

The Port of Manila, Manila, Philippines, is located in the vicinity of Manila Bay, one of the finest natural harbors in the world The Port of Manila is the Premier International Shipping Gateway to the Philippines Manila Port", or the "Port of Manila" or "Manila International Cargo Terminal" is one of Asia's and South East Asia's Major Seaport's, and also one of the Philippine's Most active port's together with Subic Bay, Cebu and other Major Philippine Ports

On a 2005 Study, The Port of Manila was listed as the world's 31st most active port in Container Traffic, with 2,665 TEU's of container Traffic recorded that year The Bay entrance is 19 km wide and expands to a width of 48 km Mariveles, in the province of Bataan, is an anchorage just inside the northern entrance and Sangley Point is the former location of Cavite Naval Base On either side of the bay are volcanic peaks topped with tropical foliage: 40 km to the north is the Bataan Peninsula and to the south is the

province of Cavite

5.0 Classification Society

Classification societies set technical rules, confirm that designs and calculations meet these rules, survey ships and structures during the process of construction and commissioning, and periodically survey vessels to ensure that they continue to meet the rules

Classification societies are also responsible for classing oil platforms, other offshore structures, and submarines Included in the survey process is the survey and certification

of diesel engines, large or critical pumps such as fire or main bilge pumps, and other machinery vital to the function of the ship This is frequently done at the manufacturer's plant, which may be hundreds of miles from the shipyard or dry-dock

Today there are a number of classification societies, the "big three" being Lloyd's Register, Det Norske Veritas and the American Bureau of Shipping

Classification societies employ ship surveyors, material engineers, piping engineers, mechanical engineers, chemical engineers and electrical engineers, often located at ports and office buildings around the world

Marine vessels and structures are classified according to the soundness of their structure and design for the purpose of the vessel The classification rules are designed to ensure an acceptable degree of stability, safety, environmental impact, etc

All nations require that ships and other marine structures flying their flag meet certain standards; in most cases these standards are deemed to be met if the ship has the relevant certificate from a member of the IACS or EMSA Certificates issued by the classification society on behalf of the flag country are also required for pumps, engines, and other equipment vital to the ship's function Equipment under certain sizes is usually excluded from these certificate requirements

In particular, classification societies may be authorized to inspect ships, oil rigs, submarines, and other marine structures and issue certificates on behalf of the state under whose flag the ships are registered

There are more than 50 marine classification organizations worldwide, some of which are listed below

5.1 List of Classification Societies

Lloyd's Register of Shipping LR 1760 London x X

American Bureau of Shipping ABS 1862 Houston x X

Russian Maritime Register of Shipping

(Российский морской регистр

Sankt

Hellenic Register of Shipping HR 1919 Pireus x X International Register of Shipping IROS 1993 Miami - -Polish Register of Shipping PRS 1936 Gdańsk - X Croatian Register of Shipping CRS 1949 Split - -China Classification Society CCS 1956 Beijing x X Korean Register of Shipping KR 1960 Daejeon x X Registro Internacional Naval RINAVE 1973 Paris - X Indian Register of Shipping IRS 1975 Mumbai x -Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia BKI NA Jakarta NA NA