ENGLISH TENSES _ Thì Tiếng Anh

A preparation course for the GCSE&University entrance - Lê Xuân Hồ IRREGULAR VERBSbeaten BECOME BEGUN blown BROKEN BROUGHT BUILT burnt / -ed burst BOUGHT caught chosen COME cost cre

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A preparation course for the GCSE&University entrance - Lê Xuân Hồ IRREGULAR VERBS

beaten

BECOME BEGUN blown BROKEN BROUGHT BUILT

burnt / -ed

burst

BOUGHT caught chosen COME

cost crept

cut

dealt dug dived

DONE

drawn

dreamt / -ed drunk driven EATEN fallen

fed

FELT

fought

FOUND flown forbidden FORGOTTEN

forgiven frozen

GOT GIVEN GONE grown

hung

HAD HEARD

hidden hit

thì ; là mang, chịu ñựng,

ñập, ñánh bại

trở nên, trở thành bắt ñầu

thổi làm bể; ñột nhập (into); nổ ra (out)…

mang ñến, mang theo xây dựng

ñốt, cháy, khét, …

nổ tung mua bắt, chụp, ñón (xe buýt)…

chọn, lựa

ñến, ñi ñến

có giá là, …

bò cắt, chặt, ñốn tiếp xúc, bắt tay vào (with),

ñào

lặn làm vẽ; kéo

mơ uống lái (xe hơi, xe tải, buýt…); ñẩy lùi; …

ăn

ngã; rơi cho ăn; kiếm ăn cảm thấy chiến ñấu tìm thấy; thấy rằng bay

cấm quên tha thứ (làm) ñông lại, làm lạnh lấy, nhận, có ñược, trở nên…

cho, ñưa

ñi

mọc, trồng, lớn lên móc, mắc, máng, treo lên có; ăn; …

nghe (thấy) giấu, trốn

lay lead

LEARN LEAVE lend

Let light lie

lose MAKE

mean

MEET

mistake overcome

pay PUT READ /ri:d/

ride ring rise run SAY SEE

seek

SELL send

set shake shine shoot

spell

SPEND

spill spoil spread

stand STEAL

HELD

hurt

KEPT KNEW

laid led

LEARNT/-ed LEFT lent

let Lit lay

lost MADE

meant

MET

mistook overcame

paid PUT READ /red/

rode rang rose ran SAID SAW

sought

SOLD sent

set shook shone shot -ed shut

sang

sank

sat SLEPT

stood STOLE

HELD

hurt

KEPT KNOWN

laid led

LEARNT/-ed LEFT lent

let lit lain

lost MADE

meant

MET

mistaken overcome

paid PUT READ /red/

ridden rung risen run SAID SEEN

sought

SOLD sent

set shaken shone shot

spelt /-ed

SPENT

spilt / -ed spoilt / -ed spread

stood STOLEN

cầm, nắm; tổ chức làm ñau, làm tổn thương giữ ; tiếp tục

biết

ñặt, ñể

dẫn dắt học, biết

ra ñi, rời khỏi ; ñể lại cho mượn

cho phép, ñể cho thắp sáng; mòi (lửa) nằm

mất; thua; lạc ñường làm, chế tạo

có nghĩa là; có ý là…

gặp, gặp gỡ nhầm, phạm lỗi vượt qua, khắc phục (khó khăn) trả (tiền)

ñặt; ñể ñọc

chạy (xe ñạp, môtô); cưỡi (ngựa…) reo (chuông, ñồng hồ…); gọi (ñthoại) tăng lên, bốc lên, dâng lên, ñứngdậy chạy

nói thấy tìm kiếm bán gửi

ñặt, ñể; thành lập…

run, lắc … chiếu sáng bắn, sút (bóng), ñập (cầu) chỉ, cho xem, chiếu (phim)

ñóng (cửa)

ca hát chìm, lặn ngồi ngủ ngửi, cảm thấy (mùi) nói

ñánh vần

tiêu xài (tiền); trải qua, mất (thờigian) (làm) ñổ vãi, tràn ra

làm hư, hỏng lan tỏa ra

ñứng ñánh cắp

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A preparation course for the GCSE&University entrance - Lê Xuân Hồ

A preparation course for the GCSE&University entrance - Lê Xuân Hồ 3

SWUM TAKEN TAUGHT TOLD THOUGHT thrown understood

undertaken

woken worn won

withdrawn

WRITTEN

ñánh ñập; giáng vào…

tuyên thệ, thề quét bơi, lội cầm, lấy ; dẫn, mang … dạy, giảng dạy

kể, bảo, cho biết nghĩ, suy nghĩ ném, liệng, quăng, chọi hiểu

ñảm nhận

thức; ñánh thức mặc,mang,ñội,ñeo thắng, chiến thắng rút (tiền), rút (kinh nghiệm), rút lui viết

-I ENGLISH TENSES: Thì 1.1 BASIC TENSES: Các thì căn bản trong tiếng Anh

The following basic tenses can be used as a good reference source for

students from grade 8 to 12 or any English learners at elementary and

intermediate levels

1.1.1 THE PRESENT SIMPLE:

Hiện tại ñơn

USE:

Diễn tả hành ñộng hay trạng thái thường xảy ra ở hiện tại (ví dụ (1) và (2)), hoặc ñề cập ñến một thực tại hoặc thực tế hiển nhiên (ví

dụ (3), (4) và (5)).

Các trạng từ hay gặp (khi tình huống ở hiện tại ):

- every day, every night, every Sunday, every two weeks, every morning …

- always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, rarely …

Examples:

(1)He usually gets up at 5.00 in the morning

(2)Tommy watches TV every night

(3)The British drive on the left

(4)It doesn’t snow in the south of Viet Nam

(5) The sun rises in the east

work work work work work work

for that company

He works for that company

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to school by bike every weekday

every half an hour every day

to work by car every day

-y -ies : study _ studies; try _ tries …

Nhưng enjoy _ enjoys ; say _ says ; obey _ obeys; employ _ employs

very keen on love-story films

so keen on love-story films

She

It

Mr Smith

works works works

for that company

are are

He She

It Tommy

is

very much fond of science-fictions

very interested in love-story films

Circle the correct present simple form of the verb in each sentence:

1.My brother (go / goes) to work by bus every day

2 Mr Johnson (drive / drives) his car to work every weekday

3 I and my friends often (ride / rides) our bikes to shool together

4 She (get up / gets up) at 5:30 every morning

5 Those boys (come / comes) from Japan

6 They (work / works) for IBM company

7 I (am / is) from New York

8 I (like / likes) it here very much

9 He (are/ is) very excited about that football match

10 He (enjoy / enjoys) working with his American colleagues very much

11 We (are / is) very fond of folk music

12 I (am / is) very tired and I (feel / feels) hungry, too

13 Tom (wash / washes) his car every Sunday morning

14 Mr Kevin (teach / teaches) French at our school

15 The students (are / is) made to work very hard for the final exam

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-Do

Do

Tom and Peter know that man?

Does

the girls really fond of science fictions?

I do not go to work on sunday

Do + I / we / you / they / N nhiều + V 0 ?

Does + he / she / it /N ít + V 0 ?

Am + I …?

Are + we / you / they / N nhiều …?

Is + he / she / it / N ít …?

-We You They Those students

do not go to school on sunday

do not go to school by bus

do not go to work by car

do not go to school by train

He She

It Jack

does not go to work by train

does not go to school on foot

does not go there every day

am not very good at badminton

are not very good at badminton

are not too late now

are not really interested in math

He She

It Caroline

is not very much fond of comic books

is not excited about the game

is not very interesting

is not excited about going home

1 He a bike to school every day (ride) he a bike to school every day? (ride)

He a bike to school every day (not ride)

I / we / you / they / N nhiều + do not V 0

He / she / it / N ít + does not V 0

I + am not

We / You / They / N nhiều + are not

He / She / It / N ít + is not

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2 Thu for the Domesco (work)

_ Thu for the Domesco? (work)

She for the Domesco (not work)

3 Those children very fond of the cartoon Tom and Jerry (be)

_ those children really fond of the cartoon Tom and Jerry? (be)

Those children _ _ really fond of the cartoon (not be)

4 My father _ sports programs on TV every night (watch)

_ your father sports programs on TV every night?

My father _ sports programs every night (not watch)

5 They _ really excited about the news (be)

_ they really excited about the news? (be)

They _ _ really excited about the news (not be)

6 Eric _ very successful in his job (be)

Eric very successful in his job? (be)

Eric _ _ very successful in his job (not be)

7 I folk music to Rock (prefer)

Which _ you , folk music or Rock? (prefer)

I really Rock music (not enjoy)

8 Those boys worried too much about their final exam (be)

_ the boys worried much about their final exam? (be)

The boys _ _ worried much about the exam (not be)

9 Jessica two brothers (have)

How many sisters _ Jessica ? (have)

Jessica _ _ any sister (not have)

10 There _ five people in his family (be)

_ there five people in his family? (be)

How many people _ there in his family? (be)

11 The Sun in the East (rise)

12 The British on the left (drive) _ the American _ on the left? (drive) Americans on the left (not drive)

Circle the correct present simple form of the verbs in parentheses:

The Greens (live / lives) in a suburb just outside London There (are / is) all together four people in their family, Mr and Mrs Green and their two children Jessica and six-year-old Jimmy Mr Green and his wife (get up / gets up) at five thirty every morning Mr Green (help / helps) with the house chores while his wife (prepare / prepares) breakfast for the whole family After breakfast, Mrs Green (help / helps) little Jimmy get ready for school Then Jessica and Jimmy (catch / catches) a bus to school Half way through her secondary school, Jessica (drop / drops) her little brother at his primary school After school at around half past four in the afternoon, Jessica (take / takes) a bus home

Mr and Mrs Green both (work / works) out Mr Green (work / works) as a computer programmer for a big company in central London

He (take / takes) a bus to work at 7.00 a.m and (get / gets) home at around 5.00 p.m every weekday Mrs Green (are / is) a university professor The university (are not / is not) very far from home and she (drive / drives) to work on her private car

- Reporter: (Do / Does) you (like / likes) your job, Mrs Green?

- Mrs Green: Although it (is / are) a hard job, I (like / likes) it

very much I (enjoy / enjoys) working with students and with other fellow teachers They (are / is) quite friendly and helpful

- Reporter: What (do / does) you (think / thinks) and how (do

/does) you (feel / feels) about life here?

- Mrs Green: Life here (are / is) quite good I (don’t / doesn’t)

like crowded places, and it (are not / is not) overpopulated and not very noisy here The air (aren’t / isn’t) very much polluted, and the environment (is / are) quite clean and healthy Besides, my children can get easy access to good education Our neighbors (are / is) very friendly, sincere and helpful

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Reporter: Besides your work and your children’s classes,

what else (do / does) your family often do together?

- Mrs Green: Every late afternoon we (have / has) sports

games at home or sometimes we (go / goes) to the amusement

park At weekend we often (go / goes) to the movies together

or just (stay / stays) and (enjoy / enjoys) ourselves talking in

the park I think we (have / has) a quite healthy and enjoyable

Diễn tả hành ñộng hay trạng thái xảy ra ở một thời ñiểm ( ví dụ (1 )

và (2) ) hoặc một giai ñoạn nhất ñịnh ( ví dụ (3) )trong quá khứ

Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian hay gặp:

- yesterday, khoảng thời gian + ago (cách ñây), last + thời gian

(…vừa rồi)

- in + thời gian trong quá khứ: in 1939, in 1890, in the early 18th

century, in the 19th century …

- from 1986 to 1995, from 2001 to 2005…

Examples:

(1) She first visited Hạ Long Bay 5 years ago

(2) Jennifer started her job as an accountant here last year

(3) John worked for that company from 1999 to 2003

-be

…

were / was

- Peter and his classmates went to the beach yesterday afternoon

- She went camping with her class last Sunday

- They first came to live here 15 years ago

- We first met at the Olympic Games in 1982

- I last met John at Katherine’s wedding six months ago

- He visited his grandmother two weeks ago

- They first visited Vietnam in 2000

- Little Jimmy enjoyed the party last night very much

FORM:

ðộng từ TO BE: V2 = WERE / WAS

- Jane and her sister were at John’s party last night

- John was very happy when he heard the news

- Last Sunday the weather was so bad that we couldn’t go there FORM:

Exercise 1:

Put the verbs in brackets in the correct past simple forms:

1 He for New York with his family last month (leave)

2 Kevin Le _ working with those Australian fellows very much (enjoy)

They very friendly and helpful and quite knowledgeable (be)

3 Mr Smith first to live here in 1980 (come)

4 My friend Michael (take) me to that mountainous area in Scotland three months ago It (be) my first time there I really (have) a great trip

5 I George at the meeting yesterday morning (meet)

S + V 2

You / We / They / S nhiều + WERE

I / S ít + WAS

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6 Jimmy (begin) to learn how to play the piano when he (be)

just four years old

7 Kevin (do) a great work in his exam last month He (be) _

one of the five students who (get) _ the highest marks

8 There (be) altogether 75 students who (attend) that

public-speaking course last summer

9 My brother me this computer on my last birthday (give)

10 That is the car that my car yesterday (hit)

11 John is a guitarist, but yesterday he _ a violin at Jane’s party

- Did she tell you about the problem?

- Did they enjoy the party last night?

- Did he go to the beach with his friends last Sunday?

- Was the film interesting?

- Were they excited about the news?

- He did not enjoy the party last night

- We didn’t go there yesterday

- I didn’t meet John at the meeting yesterday

- He was not able to walk without a walking cane

Did + S + V 0 ? WERE + S nhiều / You …?

WAS + S ít / I …?

- They weren’t at the anniversary party last night

- The film was not very interesting

Put the verbs in parentheses in the correct past simple forms:

1 He _ for New Hampshire last Thursday (leave)

2 The film _ quite interesting (be)

3 The weather then (be) terrible The wind (blow) _ so hard We (not be ) _able to reach the top of the mountain

4 This palace (be) _ first built in 1806

5 I (see) _ Jane getting into that sports club when I (be) _

on my way home from work yesterday afternoon

6 George (study) _ medicine at this university from 2001 to

2006

7 Mr Pike (not attend) _the meeting yesterday morning

8 He (hear) _ a big noise downstairs last night He (get up) , (gently walk) _ to the first floor and (turn on) _ the light, but he (not see) anything strange

9 I (buy) _ this car four years ago

10 he _ you this book on your last birthday? (give)

Exercise 3:

Put the verbs in parentheses in the correct past simple forms:

1 _ they _ to the airport on time? (get) They _ at the airport on time (not arrive) They _ at the airport on time (arrive)

2 What he _ you at the bus stop yesterday? (tell)

He me anything about his last trip (not tell)

S + did not + V 0

S nhiều / You + were not

S ít / I + was not

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-3 How many students _ there at the meeting yesterday morning?

(be)

There _ one hundred and

twenty five students altogether (be)

4 Mr Pike and his wife at the party last night? (be)

They there last night (not be)

They at John’s last night (be)

5 When he _ to learn how to drive a car? (begin)

He _ to learn how to drive a car until he was 35 (not

start )

6 Jackie Chan soon famous for his Kungfu films in the late

1970s (become)

When _ Jackie Chan _ famous? (become)

Jackie Chan _ famous until the early 1970s (not

become)

7 _ you _ John at the meeting last Tuesday? (see)

I (not see) _ him then, but I (meet) _him yesterday

8 John you the book? (give)

No He _ me anything (not give)

9 What he _ from 2000 to 2003? (do)

He _ as a truck driver for a frozen-fruit company (work)

10 When _ the accident _? (happen)

Actually the accident _ ten years ago (happen)

1.1.3 THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE:

Hiện tại tiếp diễn

AM / IS / ARE + V-ing

-

USE:

- Diễn tả hành ñộng ñang xảy ra ở hiện tại (ví dụ (1) và (2))

- Diễn tả hành ñộng ñang diễn ra xung quanh thời ñiểm hiện tại

(ví dụ (3)*)

- Diễn tả một hành ñộng ñã có kế hoạch trong tương lai (ví dụ

(4)

Các dấu hiệu hay gặp:

- now (bây giờ), at the moment, at present (ngay lúc này)

- Look! (nhìn kìa! ) , Listen! (nghe kìa! )

Examples:

(1) Peter is listening to music in his room at the moment

(2) They are learning English right now

(3)* These days I am reading an interesting book on the UFO

(4) I and Tina are visiting Paris next week We have already bought the

plane tickets

(*) Ở ví dụ (3) người nói cũng có thể không ñang ñọc sách ngay lúc họ nói câu này

Khẳng ñịnh:

He is working in the garden at the moment

I am writing a book about education system in the U.K

My mother is cooking in the kitchen at the moment

The students are waiting for the bus now

Listen! Someone is walking downstairs

FORM:

Exercise 1:

Put the verbs in brackets in the correct present progressive

1 _Where is Peter, Janet? _He (help) Dad plant some trees

in the back yard

2 Jessica (play) _ volleyball with her classmates now

3 They (wait) for you at the school gate now

I + am V-ing

S nhiều + are V-ing

S ít + is V-ing

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4 _Where is Susan? _ She (listen) _ to music in her room

5 Listen! Someone (knock) _ at the door

6 Jimmy (do) his homework at the moment

7 Look! The cat (chase) _ the mouse in the back yard

8 I (take) _ a course on computer at the APTECH

international school at the moment

Câu hỏi:

- Are you still working for the IBM now?

- Is Peter doing his homework at the moment?

Am + I + V-ing?

Is + N ít + V-ing?

Are + N nhiều + V-ing?

Câu Phủ ñịnh:

- I am not working for the IBM now

- They are not playing football at present

Put the verbs in brackets in the correct present progressive forms

1 _What _ you now, George? (do)

_ I a letter for Mr Smith (type)

2 They (not work) at the moment They (dance) _

and (sing) at John’s birthday party

3 _Where is your mother? _ She (do) _ the cooking in the

kitchen

4 _ _ John (sleep) _ now? _ No He (not sleep) _

He (work) on the computer

5 Listen! Someone (sing) _from the house next door

6 Look! It (rain) heavily outside

7 _Where is John? _He (talk) _ to Kevin

8 Little Jimmy (not watch) TV now He (play) _ chess with his father in the back yard

9 _ _ they TV? (watch) _No They (not watch) _ TV at the moment They (read) a book about Sir Alfred Nobel

10 Some of my friends (play) _ badminton at the school’s sports-club center now

11 John and Susan (get) married next week

12 I (not watch) _ that football match this afternoon I am busy doing my homework then

_ _

1.1.4 THE PAST PROGRESSIVE:

Quá khứ tiếp diễn

Dấu hiệu hay gặp:

- at that/this time last week, at that/this time yesterday…

- at 2 o’clock yesterday, at 4 o’clock last Sunday…

Examples:

(1) At that time last Saturday I was watching TV

(2) At 4 o’clock yesterday, I was playing football

(3) When I came in, he was writing a report

Exercise 1:

Put the verbs in brackets in the correct past progressive forms

1 I (work) on the computer then

2 They (watch) that football match between Manchester United and Arsenal at that time last Sunday

3 At 3:30 p.m yesterday she (do) her homework

4 When I came in, they (sit) _ at the table talking

WAS / WERE + V-ing

Trang 10

-5 I (walk) on the street when I saw Susan walk into that

club

6 I was working on the computer while he (read) a book

7 John (wait) for the bus at a bus stop when he met Jim

8 She (read) _ a book when the light went out

Câu hỏi:

- Was she working at that time?

- Were you playing the piano at 3 o’clock yesterday?

Câu Phủ ñịnh:

- She was not working then She wasn’t talking to John, either

- They were not talking when I came in

N ít + was not V-ing

N nhiều + were not V-ing

Exercise 2:

Put the verbs in parentheses in the correct past progressive

1 - you _ at that time last Monday? (sleep)

-No I (not sleep) _, I (lie) _ on the sofa

listening to music

2 – What you when you heard the news? (do)

- I (write) a report then

3 It (not rain) _ at that time last Monday, it (shine)

4 - _ you _ Jeff repair the old car then? (help)

- No We (take) _ photographs in the garden just outside the

garage

5 – Who _ you and Jane for at the school gate at 2

o’clock yesterday afternoon? (wait)

- We for Tom and Daisy (wait)

6 - the boys _ football at this time yesterday?

Was + N ít + V-ing?

Were + N nhiều + V-ing?

- No They (swim) under the river

7 She (not read) then, she (watch) _ her favorite TV talk show

8 - _ he on the phone then? (talk)

- Yes He (talk) _ to a close friend from New York

1.1.5 THE PRESENT PERFECT:

Hiện tại hoàn thành

USE:

Diễn tả hành ñộng hoặc trạng thái ñã xảy ra rồi, hiện tại vẫn còn

tiếp tục Hoặc diễn tả hành ñộng hoặc trạng thái ñã xảy ra rồi

nhưng không ñề cập chính xác ñã xảy ra khi nào

Dấu hiệu hay gặp:

- For + Khoảng thời gian: for three weeks, for a month …

- Since + Thời ñiểm: since 2000, since he was 5 years old …

- Các trạng từ hay gặp:

Lately, recently, up to now, so far

The first time, the second time, the third time, (for)

several/many times, (for) three times, yet, just, already (nếu tình huống ở quá khứ thì các trạng từ này thường ñi với thì quá khứ hoàn thành)…

(in/for/over/during) the last 2 years, (in/for/over/during) the last 5 years …

- So sánh nhất:

This is the most exciting football match I have ever watched *

Examples:

(1) - I have learnt English for more than 4 years

(2) - They have published a book on the UFO lately

(3) - Mr Smith has studied the endangered Pandas since 2001

(4) - Up to now that energetic man has written more than fifty books (5) - This is the first time I have ever ridden a camel

HAVE / HAS + V 3

Trang 11

Exercise 1:

Put the verbs in parentheses in the correct present perfect forms

1 He (be) to New York for several times

2 No one (come) _ yet

3 We (live) _ here for more than 15 years

4 He (be) working for this company for more than 5 years

5 She (see) _ that film twice

6 Nobody (tell) _ me about this before

7 All the students (come) to the lecture hall They are

waiting for you

8 They (work) on the project since last month

9 They (build) two more bridges since I came to live

here

10 George (learn) how to play the piano since he was

five years old

Câu hỏi:

- Have you ever seen that film?

- Has she told him about that yet?

Has + N ít + V 3 ?

Have + N nhiều + V 3 ?

Câu phủ ñịnh:

- I have not met them before

- She has not told them the problem

N ít + has not V 3

N nhiều + have not V 3

Exercise 2:

Put the verbs in brackets in the correct present perfect forms

1 you that film? (see)

Yes I _ it many times (see)

2 you the story 1001 Nights? (read)

No I (not read) _it, but I (hear) a lot about it

3 _ you the my keys? I _ them (see / lose)

4 _ Mr Kate Hạ Long Bay? (ever visit) Yes He _ there twice (be)

5 He _ four languages up to now (learn)

6 How long you ? (be waiting)

7 What they _ you about? (tell)

8 _ you _ the letter I gave you this morning, Mary? (type) Yes, Sir I (type) _ it It is on your desk

9 _ you two before? (meet) Yes We each other since I first came to that night club last month (know)

10 This experiment is very important Kevin won’t go home until he (finish) _ writing a report for it

Diễn tả hành ñộng ñã xảy ra trước một hành ñộng khác hoặc trước

một thời ñiểm trong quá khứ

Dấu hiệu hay gặp:

- Before, by the time: trước khi, tính ñến lúc

Past perfect + before + Past simple Past perfect + by the time + Past simple

- After, as soon as*: sau khi, ngay sau khi

Past simple + after + Past perfect

- When: khi

Past perfect ( hành ñộng trước ) + when + Past simple ( hành ñộng sau ) Past simple ( hành ñộng sau ) + when + Past perfect ( hành ñộng trước )

HAD + V 3

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