Jatropha curcas oil: A future source of biodiesel

Introduction Vegetable Oil Resources for Biodiesel Production Methods for modification of straight vegetable oil Performance Evaluation of Diesel Engine Using Biodiesel Stability of biodiesel To study the fossil fuel scenario with respect to petroleum diesel, fuel properties of biodiesel resuorces for biodiesel production, process for its production, etc.

Jatropha curcas oil: A future source of

biodiesel

By Siddharth Jain

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE

ROORKEE-247 667

INDIA

Presentation

on

Contents

Introduction

Vegetable Oil Resources for Biodiesel Production

Methods for modification of straight vegetable oil

Performance Evaluation of Diesel Engine Using Biodiesel Stability of biodiesel

Conclusion

Total crude oil consumption of the country is 184.68 MT in 2007-08.Out of which 80% of the total demad is imported.

Import value is 6,06,800 crore

Crude oil is also creating environmental problems

Therefore there is need to go for substitute of petroleum diesel

Substitute of petroleum diesel:

Straight vegetable oil

Edible oils

Non edible oils

72.5 % of the total edible oil demand is importing in the country.

OBJECTIVE OF STUDY

To study the fossil fuel scenario with respect to petroleum diesel, fuel properties of biodiesel resuorces for biodiesel production, process for its production, etc.

Study the effect of biodiesel on the performance of IC engine

To study the oxidation stability of biodiesel.

Jatropha specie is scientifically developed to give maximum yield.

It is a quick yielding species even in adverse land situations viz degraded & barren lands under forest & non forest use, dry and drought prone area, marginal lands even an alkaline soils & also as agro forestry crops.

Jatropha removes carbon from the atmosphere stores it in the woody tissues & assists in the build up of soil carbon.

Various parts of the plant are of medicinal value.

Biodiesel and land requirement in India

Year Diesel

demand (MT)

Biodiesel requirement (MT)

Seed requirement (MMT)

Area requirement (Mha)

Land area under cultivation of jatropha in various states

JATROPHA PLANTATION

Productivity of Jatropha plantation

S.No

Seeds/ hactare

(MT)

Oil / hectare (MT)

Biodiesel/ hectare

(MT)

Cost of plantation/ hectare (Rs)

Methods of using straight vegetable oil as fuel:

Fuel Properties of Vegetable Oil

Vegetable

oils

Cetan number

Heating valu es (MJ/

kg)

Cloud point ( 0 C)

Pour point ( 0 C)

Kinematic viscosit

y (cSt

@

38 0 C)

Flash point

Specific gravi

Factors affecting the transesterification reactions

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

Parameters measured for Biodiesel Preparation

S.No Properties Jatropha oil

1 Net calorific value (MJ/kg) 36.01

BASIC REQUIREMENT FOR A FUEL FOR IC ENGINE

High energy density

Good combustion qualities

High thermal stability

Low deposit forming tendencies

Compatibility with the engine hardware

Good fire safety

Low toxicity

Low pollution

Easy transferability and onboard vehicle storage

Variation in BSFC with Load for Different Blends of Jatropha Biodiesel with Diesel

Variation in BTE with Load for Different Blends of Jatropha Biodiesel with Diesel

COMPARISION OF EMISSIONS FROM BIODIESEL AND DIESEL

The Specification of Biodiesel and Diesel Fuel

Perameters required to measure the oxidation stability

S.No Name of antioxidant Abbreviation

Biodiesel is an ecofriendly and renewable fuel substitute of diesel

Research has indicated that upto B20, there is no need of modification inengine

The engine performance evaluation has found that brake specific fuelconsumption for B100 was 14.8% higher than diesel for biodiesel from Jatrophaoil at full load, thereby indicating the use of 100% biodiesel can produce sameoutput of energy using higher amount of biodiesel and therefore deserve tobecome the “On Farmer Fuel” where farmer can grow his own resource,convert to biodiesel and use in agricultural sets itself without the need of anydiesel for blending

The brake thermal efficiency is found higher upto B30 in comparison to dieselwhile BTE of B100 (24%) was almost equals to diesel (24.5%) for JOME

The basic problem with biodiesel is that it is more prone to oxidation resulting

in the increase in viscosity of biodiesel with respect to time which in turn leads

to piston sticking, gum formation and fuel automization problems

Thanks