Unix Backup and Recovery phần 9 pdf

Sun OS/Solaris system, backing up, 257-259hostname Sysback utility backup files, 333 hosts backup registry, creating, 595 backups, consolidating, 220 complete list, maintaining, 36 hardw

application disk, 11

copying block-by-block (copyutil), 290, 295

database data disks, partitioning, 11

partitioning information, finding and recording (SysAudit), 143raw partitions, copying (dd utility), 72

web site information, 616

compatibility problems, reading backup volumes, 129

compression (AMANDA), 148, 157, 161, 169

failure, losing data from, 44

HA vs fault-tolerant systems, 234

HA systems surviving failures of, 232

hosts, information on (SysInfo), 144

IRIX system, listing available, 311, 317

network and backup, maximizing use, 216

recovering system onto new, 337

HP-UX (see HP-UX operating system)

Hierarchical Storage Management

(see HSM)

high availability, 47, 232-246

(see also HA systems)

high-water-mark parameters (unconfig file), 400

hold file, delaying AMANDA backup runs, 167

holding disks

allocating for AMANDA, 157

assigning to single AMANDA configuration, 177

configuring, 160

degraded mode and tape server crashes, 172

status, monitoring during backup, 172

tape server, AMANDA utility, 147

hostdump.sh utility, 86-91, 253, 366

command arguments, 88

Compaq True-64 Unix, backing up, 285, 287

options, 89

quick and dirty backups with, 141

script, obtaining from web site or CD-ROM (with book), 86Solaris OS backup, 254

Sun OS/Solaris system, backing up, 257-259

hostname (Sysback utility backup files), 333

hosts

backup registry, creating, 595

backups, consolidating, 220

complete list, maintaining, 36

hardware and operating system information (SysInfo), 144

hostdump.sh utility, backing up with, 141

Informix instances ann, 377

Informix instances (multiple) on single, 380

Microsoft Windows systems, backing up, 146

network, monitoring for new (queso), 144

read permissions, file backups, 335

tape server (AMANDA), configuring, 155

trusted, access permission and, 81

Hot Standby Routing Protocol (see HSRP), 237

hot-standby systems, high availability and, 47

HP-UX operating system

core components, 292

fbackup utility, 73

(see also Sysback utility)

IBM conversion table (ASCII to EBCDIC), 124Ignite-UX

filesets, required system installment, 291

make_recovery utility, 290-291

using, 293-295

(see also make_recovery utility)

IHVs, 643

image.data file (AIX system backup), 327

importing table (single), 526

Impossible header type error, 109

include lists

backups

mksysb utility, not supporting, 324

SQL Backup, able to perform, 370

transaction log dumps vs., 366

dump backup volumes, 83, 96

SCSI devices (copyutil), 296

individual interface definitions (AMANDA), 175

inetd configuration file, 166

AMANDA client entries, 155

debugging AMANDA client backup setup, 166

named pipes, using, 436

onconfig file, copying, 431

Informix databases

Online Backup and Recovery

(see also onbar utility), 365

architecture, 377-387

Page 686

Informix database (continued)

backup and recovery, 376-454

backups and restores, unique aspects, 375

Extended Parallel Option (see XPO)

extents, physically contiguous, 355

transaction logs and, 364

versions, ontape and, 403

Informix Storage Manager (see ISM; Legato Networker)inftab file, 366

editing to use infback.sh utility, 417

infback.sh utility and, 414

Informix instances, listing, 388

installation and configuration (rclogs.sh), 422

startup, backup, and monitoring scrips, basing upon, 390Initial System Load (ISL), 305

not intervening in, 295

inodes, dump utility handling, 656

input block size, differing from output, 124

input mode, informing cpio about, 110

bootable tape, specifying location, 313

IRIX, bypassing in system recovery, 315

installboot, AIX system and, 323

Installed Products Database (see IPD)instances

backing up whole or part (onbar), 427backups, being sure to include, 365databases and, 347

listing all on server, 366

multiple databases within each, 372objects within, tracking, 357

Oracle databases, 456

customizing backups, 475

system tablespace, 459

servers and, 347

taking offline (restores), 448

Intel rescue floppies, Web site listing, 272interactive restores, 94, 96

cpio, unable to perform, 70

interface(s) file, 366, 536

data server entries, 537

lost or damaged, 564

Sybase database restore, 561

interfaces, types of (backup utilities), 221interleaving data, 194

restores, problems with, 195

internal fragmentation (disks), 241

Internet, information on backup utilities, 230

Internet Operating System Counter, use of queso utility, 144

inventory, backup volumes, 12, 32-34

checks and spot checks, 54

storage vendor, cross-checking locations, 55

I/O operations, 133

IP addresses

boot PROM, setting to local system, 319

scanning range of (nmap), 145

takeover and primary servers having same, 235

IPD, make_recovery utility and, 292

Page 687

IRIX operating system

backup and restore utilities, 307-310

recovering, 306-322

volume header (system disk), listing, 316

ISL (Intial System Load), 305

not intervening in, 295

ISM, 401

J

journaling filesystems, 46,241

AdvFS, providing, 282

high availability and, 232

(see also nonjournaled filesystems)

jukeboxes, 642

vendors of, 645

(see also autoloaders; libraries)

justifying financial needs (backups), 64

Kerberos

authentication system, 190

using with AMANDA, 148

Kernel type, boot image on Sysback tape, 334

backing up data across, 211

HA, handling across, 235-236

SAN vs., 213

large files or UID/GIDs, make-recovery utility and, 293

Laser Magnetic Storage (see LMS; Plasmon LMS NCTP drive)Legato NetWorker, 401

using with rman and onbar, 369

(see also ISM)

length and filemark values (tapetype), 161

dumptype parameters, controlling, 174

hostdump.sh command, specifying, 88

listing date of last, 77

reading order, complete filesystem restore, 95scheduling, 39-42

specifying (0-9 option), 75

specifying with infback.sh, 414

timestamp file in top-level directory, 105libraries

automated backup hardware, 642

centralized, backing up across LAN, 211large, vendors of, 645

vendors of, 643-645

(see also autoloaders; jukeboxes)

license server, access control (ClearCase), 593license setup files (databases), restoring, 371LIF volume

boot, assembling (make_recovery), 293lilo command, restoring MBR, 274

linear scan, streaming and, 629

linear tape drives, 627

linear tape open (see LTO drive)

link (symbolic), using, 113

load-balancing (servers), 243

local area network (see LAN)

local backups, network-based backups vs., 211

local device, specifying as tape drive, 101

local restores (IRIX), 312

localpath.sh file, 414

log files

created during AMANDA run, 171

find and info suboptions (amadmin), using, 181

logging (Informix databases), 385-387

logging modes (logical log), 382

logging write operations (journaling filesystems), 241

leaving room for, 399

moving into separate dbspace, 394

no backups, selecting, 412

protecting, 392-403

putting all on one tape, 437

salvaging (not backed up), onbar, 442logical name, defining backup areas, 164logical restores, 442

onbar utility, 443

logical volumes

creating, HP-UX system, 302

dump and restore, using with, 299-301IRIX system, 316

managers, 9

map file, creating for each, 326

maximum number in VG, 300

mounting as filesystems, 303

Sysback utility, backing up specific, 332

logical-end-of-tape (see LEOT)

logically contiguous database pages, 355

logs

rollback logs, 460

transactions (see transaction logs)

logsegment segment (Sybase databases), 534

long transactions, problems with full logical logs, 399losses (data)

LV (see logical volumes)

LVM, backing up configuration information, 33LVs (see logical volumes)

bootable system recovery tape, creating, 291-295

configuring to include extra backup data, 294

options, 293

-p, 293

output, 294

recovery tools (HP-UX system), 290

requirements for use, 291

warnings about, 292

(see also entries under Ignite-UX)

Mammoth drive, 632

AIT vs., 633

management features for storage, 205-207

manual backups (logical logs), 410

Page 689

manual tape changer, configuring (AMANDA), 161

manufacturers (backup hardware), 643

many-to-one backups

one-to-many method, combining with, 198-202

map file, creating for each logical volume, 326

mapping networks (nmap utility), 145

Master Boot Record (see MBR)

master data device, problems accessing, 565

proper storage of, 11

protecting from disasters, 14

recovery in database restores, 506

types (different), problems reading backups, 130

types, listing (AMANDA), 160

Media Recognition System (MRS), 130

menu options, Sysback utility, 331

metadata (Linux OS), backing up, 9 271, 275

Metrum tape drives, 634

Microsoft

network filesystem (SMB protocol), 203

Registry, leaving out of commercial backup products, 189

Microsoft Windows (95/98/NT/2000)-based hosts, backing up, 146minimum block size, 100, 107, 116, 123

miniroot

booting system to, 254

IRIX, bare-metal recovery with, 315

IRIX, copying to system disk, 306

IRIX system, booting from, 318

mirroring, 462

control files, 486

importance of, 529

database devices, 362

disk drive failure, protecting against, 45

disks, make_recovery and, 293

multiple-site of database servers, 27

partitions (disk array), 213

RAID levels and, 239

redologs, importance of, 493, 529

remote, for disaster recovery, 237

Solaris OS root disk, 249

VOB backups, 603

restores, using in, 606

mksysb utility, 250, 323-330

bare-metal restores, performing, 224

image, checking and restoring data from, 329

limitations of, 324

using, 325

mkszfile utility

client, running on, 329

generating image.data file, 326

M-O recording formats (see magneto-optical media)

model database, checking and recreating, 580

modes (cpio), 105

modification time

(see mtime)

modules (HA software), 246

money for backups, getting, 63-65

Page 690

monitoring backups, 58

monitoring HA systems, 243-244

importance of, 246

mount points, creating for filesystem restores (HP-UX), 304

mounted filesystems (idle), dumping, 662

mounting (IRIX) system disk partitions, 319

mounting new filesystem, 266

mounting Oracle database (restores), 485

mounting startup, database recovery, 498

movement-tracking, backup volumes, 53

MRS (Media Recognition System), 130

cpio restores, restoring original, 110

tar restores, changing in, 119

multiple conversion method, using (dd), 125

multiuser state, IRIX system restarts and, 321

Multi-Version File System (see MVFS)

multiversion filesystem type (see MVFS)

multivolume archives, inability to handle (infback.sh), 413MVFS, 592, 594

VOBs, mounting as, 598

N

named pipes

cat contents to tapeserver tape drive, 329

compressing database backup while writing, 368infback.sh, using, 436

leaving out of backup products, 190

named pipes (tar backups), creating for, 116

names

clients, changing in backup index, 226

remote devices, supporting (GNU tar), 120

systems, confusion over, 81

native backup utilities

backup and recovery, 69-140

commercial utilities, wrapping around, 365

custom formats, inability to read, 216

backups, special requirements, 202

excluding from backups, problems with, 203(see also NFS; CIFS; NCP)

networks

backup data path, 208

file access services (HA systems), 233

installation support for Sysback backup, 334monitoring for new hosts (queso utility), 144traffic reduction, 208-216

SAN effectiveness, 215

usage, limiting (AMANDA), 158

NFS filesystems, 22

backups, using in, 203

mksysb files/images, storing on, 328

scripts for installation, 34

NIM (Network Install Manager), 327

NIS, scripts for installation, 34

nmap utility, 145

Page 691

noncritical chunks, inacessible or corrupted, 445

nondata disk, loss of, 371

nonjournaled filesystems, including in Sysback backup, 335

nonrewinding tape device, 293

AMANDA requirement for, 156

positioning tape with, 85

nonsystem datafiles, damaged (taking offline), 510

notification

backup scripts, importance of, 102

backup utilities, differences in method, 221

dump utility, backup problems, 78

SNMP, sophistication of

Novell NDS, leaving out of backup products, 189

O

objects

database in data disk, 371

database tables and, 353

Oracle databases, 457

Sybase databases, 533

OCC, 54

features, ontape utility vs., 424

Informix Online Backup and Recovery, 204onarchive, replacing, 401

Informix instance, starting with, 429

online documentation, proper storage of, 12online log groups

online storage spaces, restoring, 425

online transaction logs, losing data from, 373onload utility, 451

onmonitor utility

logical logs, changing number, 395

ontape utility, configuring, 404

on-site storage, 53

on-site vault systems (media protection), 14onstat command, 449

ontape utility

features, onbar utility vs., 424

ontape utility (continued)

continuous backup automation, difficulties, 419-421

dbspace restores, 446

Informix database backups, 364

physical backups without storage manager, 376

physical backups without storage managers, 403

point-in-time restore, 450

restore, starting, 437-439

restores, 429

single thread, problem with, 400

tape or disk backups, 406

backup and recovery, 323-337

AMANDA utility, distributed with, 151

backup of root partition, 191

backup tools, including, 26

backups

copyutil utility, limitations of, 296

Linux, 275

restoring (Solaris), 254

Sun OS/Solaris, 253

Sysback utility, 331

block size, hardcoding, 135

cloning to different system, 337

Compaq True-64 Unix, restoring, 282-289

customized files for databases, restoring, 371data recovery without installing, 10

DBAs, needing knowledge of, 354

full support of (commercial backup utilities), 189hosts, information on (SysInfo), 144

HP-UX, core components, 292

IRIX recovery, 306-322

Linux

backup method, deciding, 272

restoring, 270, 280-281

new versions, affect on backups, 62

partitioning disk, vs table partitions, 533

partitioning of disks, standardizing, 256

remote, detecting (nmap), 145

remote, information on (queso), 144

restores

HP-UX system, 290-305

Solaris, 253-256

restoring systems without, 224

root disk, replacing without, 252

SGI, older, 312-315

storing on one disk, importance of, 10

Unix platforms, availability of, 114

oraback.sh utility, 142, 365, 471

backups, automating, 468-475

cold backups, 474

configuring and customizing, 470

dd, using as backup command, 123

backups and restores, unique aspects, 375

Cluster Server (see OCS)

control file, loss of, 372

Enterprise Backup Utility (see EBU)

hot-backup script Oracle databases

Recovery Manager (RMAN) (see rman utility)

instances, listing for backups, 35

changing (tar restore), 119

changing with ctime, 50

cleaners (dirty buffers in LRU queues), 380

Informix databases, 378

logical vs physical log, 359

Sybase databases, 533

paper copies

documentation, using as backup, 16

media inventory, importance of, 32

parallelism agent (PA), 194

partial volume, reading and comparing to table of contents, 228

partitioning

Berkeley (BSD) style, IRIX system, 306

Compaq True-64 Unix, 282, 284, 287

different levels of (SIDF), 219

drives, recording information on, 33

IRIX system, 311-312, 316

IRIX system disk

repairing from fx program, 318

Linux system, 274, 277

new operating system drive (disaster recovery), 254

Oracle tables, 456

physical, preserving mapping (Sysback), 335

Sun OS/Solaris operating system disk drive, 262-265

Sybase tables, 532

tables, across multiple dbspaces, 379

Page 694

partitions

backup tape with multiple, 139

copying raw (dd utility), 72

database data disks, 11

database tables, across dataspaces, 357

disks, 191

information about (SysAudit), 143

Oracle tablespace, 459

partition tables, maintaining record, 10

same-size or same-function disks, 10

Sybase databases, 534

patches (AMANDA utility), Web page information, 152

pathnames

longer, archiving with star, 143

native backup utilities, problems with, 217

restoring files by name, 96

tar restores, 117

pattern

files, excluding from backups, 177

matching, cpio restore, 112

tar command option, 116

pax utility, 72, 271, 275

PDF format (documentation files), 16

PE

backup utilities assigning to servers, 213

connecting via SAN, 215

AMANDA utility and, 153

changing (tar restore), 119

changing with ctime, 50

chunks, restoring, 434

devices storing datafiles, changing, 362

holding disk configuration, 160

host read, file backups, 335

schemas and, 350

users, read permission (file backup), 335

views and VOBs, 592

phase-changing recording method, 636

physical backups

dump devices, 537

methods of performing, 364

ontape and onbar, performing with, 376

ontape, performing without storage manager, 403

RDBMS, 363

storage manager, performing with, 424-428, 476-480, 554storage manager, performing without, 463-475, 542-553physical blocks, specifying number (dump), 76

physical partitions, preserving (Sysback), 335

physical restores (onbar), 442

physical rollback log, 361

backup volumes, reading from different, 129

bare-metal recovery plan, 252

choosing for Sysback backup tape, 334

full support of, 189

independence of (backup utilities), 223

independence of (backup index), 226

little or big endian, 132

point-in-time restore, 346, 450

portability

AMANDA to Unix platforms, 148

ASCII header format, 106

Page 695

cpio options, affecting, 114

cpio utility, problems with, 106

documentation formats, 15

fbackup utility, lacking, 73

pax utility and, 72

portable archive exchange

(see pax utility)

ports

scanning on network (nmap), 145

switching and, 210

power backup (Sysback utility), 333

power users (databases), 346

Informix, view of, 377

Sybase databases, view of, 532

views, files in, 594

processor type (SGI system), 317

proprietary backup formats, problems with, 216

protocols, scanning different (nmap), 145

public

concept in ClearCase, 592

views, backups, 609

Qualix DataStar (remote mirroring), 237

queries, programming with SQL, 353

data storage (databases), 355

database backups, problems with, 346

database, using to mirror another application, 362databases

assigning as swap or filesystem, 362

datafiles, backing up (Oracle or Sybase), 364

dd backups, specifying for, 122

dump utility, accessing files through, 655

readers, storing with documentation, 13, 16

reading backup on remote device, 125

reading backup volumes, 129-140

read-only tablespaces, taking offline, 498

read-tape.sh script, reading bad tape with, 138

real-time off-site storage, 56

rebooting restored operating system, 268

record-level parallelism (see block-level parallelism)records, 123

converting length of, 124

databases, 351

files in backup index, 226

gaps between (tape backups), 133-134

number to read (dd), 123

option, setting in global dumptype, 166

tapes, helical scan, 627

Page 696

Recover System Maintenance Menu (IRIX systems), 310

recovery

database, preparing for, 496

without installing operating system, 10

native utilities, 69-140

procedures, Informix databases, 429-451

procedures, Sybase databases, 558-582

Registry, 596

restores vs., 483

systems, checkpoints and, 242

(see also restores)

Recovery Manager (see rman utility)

redologs, 462

active online, damaged, 522

archived, applying all, 500

archived, backing up, 466

archived, managing, 480-482

database backups, 8

determining state of (restores), 490

inactive online, damaged, 523

mirroring

importance of, 529

online inactive, adding or dropping damaged, 524

Oracle databases, changing block on disk, 461

recovering damaged, 491-494

Redundant Array of Independent Disks (see RAID)