EMERGENCY RESPONSE TO CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL AGENTS - CHAPTER 11 ppsx

First responders or hazardous mate-rials response teams HMRTs may obtain chemical information from computer software, an emergency center, poison control centers, physicians, toxicologis

11 Research Sources and

Resources

MANUALS USED BY HAZARDOUS MATERIALS RESPONSE PERSONNEL

A manual, guidebook, or handbook may be used by first responders during the initial stages of a hazardous materials incident First responders or hazardous mate-rials response teams (HMRTs) may obtain chemical information from computer software, an emergency center, poison control centers, physicians, toxicologists, chemists, or from Material Safety Data Sheets However, chemical response manuals such at the following are often carried on the response vehicle Many HMRTs require in their standard operating guidelines that at least three research sources agree on the actions to take when responding to a specific chemical or agent

Fire Protection Guide on Hazardous Materials

National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, P.O Box 9101, Quincy,

MA 02269-9101; 800-344-3555 Includes information on fire hazards properties (Section 325) and hazardous chemical data (Section 49)

NFPA Hazardous Materials Response Handbook

National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, P.O Box 9101, Quincy,

MA 02269-9101; 800-344-3555 Contains text and commentary on the following NFPA /ANSI standards: 471

— Recommended Practice for Responding to Hazardous Materials Incidents, 472

— Standards for Professional Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials Incidents, and 473 — Competencies for EMS Personnel Responding to Hazardous Materials Incidents This handbook also includes sections on how to start a Haz Mat team, the national response team’s Haz Mat emergency planning guide, the Sacramento protocol for Haz Mat response, chemical compatibility of protective clothing, and decontamination procedures

North American Emergency Response Guidebook

Developed by U.S Department of Transportation, Transport Canada, and the Sec-retariat of Transport and Communications of Mexico In the United States, response personnel should be given the new edition free-of-charge, but it will also be available from commercial suppliers It contains information on shipping documents, identi-fication and safety precautions, the hazard classiidenti-fication system, protective actions, protective clothing, fire and spill control, and isolation/protective action distances

It also contains 172 guides for different classes of chemicals that provide information

Emergency Handling of Hazardous Materials in Surface

Transportation

Bureau of Explosives Publications, P.O Box 1020, Sewickley, PA 15143; 412-741-1096; 412-741-0609 (Fax)

Designed for first responders, this manual was updated in 1998 It provides commodity-specific descriptions and response information for all the U.S Depart-ment of Transportation-listed hazardous materials and for many specifically named chemicals transported under a generic DOT description Materials regulated only

by Canada and the International Maritime Organization (IMO) are also included Over 3600 individual regulated chemicals are covered Features of this manual include: basic properties of the listed chemicals; recommended methods of dealing with the hazardous materials in the early stages of an emergency; a listing of emergency environmental mitigation procedures; first aid information; suggested chemical compatible protective equipment for some of the commodities

Emergency Action Guides

Bureau of Explosives Publications, P.O Box 1020, Sewickley, PA 15143; 412-741-1096; 412-741-0609 (Fax)

The purpose of the Hazardous Materials Emergency Action Guides is to provide detailed information about the hazardous materials commodities most frequently carried by rail transport Each of the 134 guides provides 6 pages of basic data for about 98% of the total volume of hazardous materials carried by rail

NOISH Pocket Guide To Chemical Hazards (NIOSH Publication

No 78-210)

U.S Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C 20402; 202-512-1803 This manual is a source of general industrial hygiene and medical surveillance information for 397 individual chemicals or chemical types found in the work environment

CHRIS (Chemical Hazards Response Information System)

Developed by the U.S Coast Guard and available through:

U.S Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C 20402; 202-512-1803 Although the CHRIS system is composed of four separate manuals, only Manual 2.2 — Hazardous Chemical Data — is of interest here Manual 2.2 lists the specific chemical, physical, and biological data for 1000 chemicals

Quick Selection Guide to Chemical Protective Clothing

Kluwer Academic Publishing, 101 Philip Drive, Norwell, MA 02061; 781-871-6600

Managing Hazardous Materials Incidents (Volume I, Emergency

Medical Services), Managing Hazardous Materials Incidents (Volume II, Hospital

Emergency Departments),

Managing Hazardous Materials Incidents (Volume III, Medical

Management Guidelines for Acute Chemical Exposure)

Information Center, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 1600 Clifton Road, NE (E57) Atlanta, GA 30333; 888-422-8737 or 404-639-6360

Volume I includes information on emergency medical services response, with sections on hazard recognition, principles of toxicology, personal protection and safety principles, assessment, decon, treatment, transport, planning, and more Vol-ume II contains specific information for emergency department response to hazard-ous materials incidents Volume III is a guide for health care professionals and outlines medical management for acute chemical exposures

THE INTERNET

In the past, training and response information about nuclear/biological/chemical (NBC) materials was strictly the purview of the military For years, such information was restricted as it contained technical or operational information for official gov-ernment agency use only The Tokyo subway incident, the bombing of the World Trade Center in New York City, the destruction of the federal office building in Oklahoma City, and other terrorist incidents within the United States caused the government to change its methods of handling NBC information making it more available to response personnel

Hazardous materials response teams, trainers, and consultants should be aware that previously “secret” NBC information dealing with use, epidemiology, sampling, identification, defense, detection, protective equipment, decontamination, treatment, and mass casualty management is now available from government agencies, indus-try, commercial firms, and private interests on the Internet Listed below are some

of the websites that provide military field manuals, information on chemical and biological substances, and assistance to first responders and Haz Mat teams

ACDA Homepage

http://www.acda.gov/

Home page of the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency Provides information

on nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons and threats they pose

American Chemical Society

http://www.acs.org

The producer of the world’s largest and most comprehensive databases of chemical information

American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists

(ACGIH)

http://www.acgih.org

Publications, events, leadership, links, classified, etc

American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA)

http://www.aiha.org

Frequently asked questions (FAQ) about industrial hygiene and AIHA, consumer information, calendar, laboratory and scientific information, site index, etc

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

http://www.ansi.org

Provides national and international standards-related activities regarding ANSI, standards information, conformity assessment, events, news, reference library, searches, databases, etc

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

http://www.ia-usa.org/K0043.htm

A voluntary group in which members devise consensus standards for materials characterization and use, ASTM Standards, etc ASTM provides a forum for pro-ducers, users, ultimate consumers, and others to write standards for materials, products, systems, and services The society publishes standard test measures, spec-ifications, practices, and guides This site includes sub-sites for what’s new, national, geographic, product, stage, FAQ, glossary, participation, and search

Biological and Toxic Weapons Verification Program (Federation

of American Scientists)

http://www.fas.org/bwc

Briefing papers, negotiations, associated issues, project papers, biological weapons, conventions, links, etc

Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS)

http://www.ccohs.ca

Products and services, Canadian Centre INFOweb, occupational safety and health answers, education and training, about CCOSH, Internet directory, 100,000 Material Safety Data Sheets, etc

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

http://www.cdc.gov

About CDC, data and statistics, funding, health topics A-Z, in the news, other sites/links, publications/software/products, training and education, travelers’ health, etc

Chemical and Biological Defense Information Analysis Center

http://www.cbiacarmy.mil/index.html

The CBIAC operated by Battelle Memorial Institute is a Department of Defense (DOD) information analysis center Established in 1986, the CBIAC serves as the DOD focal point for information related to chemical warfare and chemical and biological defense (CW/CBD) technology The main interests of CBIAC are chem-ical and physchem-ical properties of CW/CBD materials, chemchem-ical identification, combat effectiveness, counter proliferation, counter terrorism, decontamination, domestic preparedness, environmental fate and effects, force protection, medical effects and treatment, toxicology, warning and identification, nuclear/biological/chemical sur-vivability, demilitarization, manufacturing processes for NBC defense systems, etc The center collects, reviews, analyzes, synthesizes, and otherwise treats information pertaining to chemical and biological warfare Links to many other related sites

Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Project

(The Henry L Stimson Center)

http://www.stimson.org/cwc/bwagent.htm

This page is a clearinghouse for information on nonproliferation It comprises a home page, about us, what’s new, search, publications, projects, etc

Counterproliferation/Chemical and Biological Defense

http://www.acq.osd.mil/cp

Homepage of the Deputy Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Counterprolif-eration/Chemical and Biological Defense Includes summary of activities, the Pen-tagon’s Chemical and Biological Defense Program, and downloadable reports

Chemical Manufacturers Association (CMA)

http://www.cmahq.com

CMA home page, Responsible Care®, about CMA, what’s new, publications, com-pliance center, workshops/seminars, news and information, issue advocacy, CHEMTREC®, CHEMSTAR®, ChemEcology, and health research

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

http://www.darpa.mil/

This home page of DARPA describes basic and applied research and development projects being performed for the Defense Department Provides a link to Biological Warfare Defense Program

Defense Special Weapons Agency

http://www.dna.mil

Provides information on the agency’s mission, director, programs, and the Defense Nuclear Weapons School

Dugway Proving Ground

http://www.dugway.army.mil/

Homepage of the U.S Dugway Proving Ground, location of many field tests of chem/bio defense equipment Also contains historical, chemical, and biological warfare information

Emergency Net News

http://www.emergency.com/ennday.htm

Provides emergency news from around the world

Hanford Nuclear Site

http://www.handford.gov/

The U.S Department of Energy’s plutonium production complex covering 560 square miles in Washington state is the world’s largest environmental cleanup project (includes Hanford homepage page, site information, programs, opportunities, public involvement, resource center, what’s new, etc.)

Harvard Sussex Program on CBW Armament

http://fas-www.harvard.edu/~hsp/

Promotes the global elimination of chemical and biological weapons

Health of Chemical-Biological Defense in the U.S Military (A

White paper by the NBC Industry Group)

http://www.nbcindustrygroup.com/white.htm

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratories

http://www.inel.gov/

About INEEL, engineering and science, environment, national programs, and oppor-tunities

The International Tanker Owners’ Pollution Federation (ITOPF)

http://www.itopf.com

The ITOPF homepage deals with information on response strategies, historical data

on oil spills, fate and effects of oil spills, planning for oil spills, compensation schemes, cleanup techniques, and other factors

Medical Radiological Defense

http://www.afrri.usuhs.mil/

Provides information on medical radiobiological research and education activities

of the Armed Forces Radiobiological Research Institute

Medical Research and Materiel Command

http://140.139.42.108/home.html

Provides information on medical, chemical, and biological defense research pro-grams and more

National Emergency Management Association (NEMA)

http://www.nemaweb.org

NEMA is a professional association of state and pacific Caribbean insular state emergency management directors seeking to provide leadership and expertise in comprehensive emergency management, to serve as a vital information and assis-tance resource for state and territorial directors and their governors, and to forge strategic partnerships to advance continuous improvements in emergency manage-ment NEMA’s homepage has sub-sites for committees, conference, membership, state contacts, file library, forum, and feedback

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

http://www.NFPA.org

Information on fire investigations, Oklahoma federal building bombing, hazardous materials and chemical protective clothing standards, training materials and equip-ment, etc

National Institutes of Health (NIH)

http://www.nih.gov

Contains a welcome message, news and events, health information, funding oppor-tunities, scientific resources, links, publications, and information for employees

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

http://www.cdc.gov/niosh

Publications, databases, topic index, health hazard evaluations, training, state activ-ities, extramural programs, what’s new, conferences, press releases, Federal Register notices, highlights, about NIOSH, employment and fellowships, and links

National Library of Medicine

http://www.nlm.nih.gov

The world’s largest medical library provides health information through MED-LINE/MEDLINEplus, library services with catalog, databases, publications, train-ing/grants, research programs, announcements, exhibits, hot topics, and general information

National Response Center

http://www.nrc.uscg.mil/

The National Response Center is the sole federal point of contact for reporting oil and chemical spills by telephoning 1-800-424-8802 On its homepage, you can view NRC information, how to report a spill, legislative requirements, Chemical/Biolog-ical Hotline, using NRC data, statistics, organization, links, monthly briefing, man-agement, webmaster, and NRT/EPA/U.S Coast Guard Internet homepages

National Safety Council (NSC)

http://www.nsc.org

The NSC distributes CAMEO software and provides technical support for this system which integrates a chemical database, emergency response information, an air dispersion model and local maps with a data management capability CAMEO

is the predominant chemical response software for firefighters and other first responders

Hazardous Materials Response and Assessment Division,

National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and

Atmospheric Administration

http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/

This website can provide hazardous materials responders with valuable data and information NOAA scientists assigned to the Hazardous Materials Response and

Assessment Division (NOAA HAZMAT) respond to dozens of oil spills and other hazardous materials releases each year, help emergency planners prepare for poten-tial accidents, and create software and other products to assist people in responding

to hazardous materials incidents They provide two collections of materials of interest to Haz Mat responders, Aids for Oil Spill Responders and Aids for Chemical Accident Responders Especially helpful is the Chemical Reactivity Worksheet— a free program you can download and use to find out about the reactivity of chemicals

It contains a database of over 4000 common hazardous chemicals and includes a way for you to virtually “mix” chemicals to find out what dangers could arise from accidental mixing NOAA provides information on how to acquire any aids avail-able

North Carolina Emergency Management Division

http://www.dem.dec.state.nc.us

State Emergency Response Commission, regional Haz Mat teams, etc

Nuclear, Biological, Chemical Industry Group

http://www.erols.com/nbcgroup/

Homepage of the NBC Industry Group, an association of organizations supporting NBC defense, domestic preparedness, and the Chemical Weapons Convention

Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons

http://www.opcw.nl/chemhaz/nerve.htm

Information, documents, the Chemical Weapons Convention, fact-finding files, links,

a complete report on nerve agents, etc

Outbreak — Chemical and Biological Agents Internet

http://www.outbreak.org/cgi-unreg/dynaserve.exe/cb/index.html

Chemical and biological agents (dengue, Ebola, hantavirus, plague, smallpox, sta-phylococcus, yellow fever, etc.), FAQ, active and historical outbreaks, resource center, reading list, etc

Program Manager for Chemical Demilitarization

http://www-pmcd.apgea.army.mil/

Provides information on the Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program, the Non-Stock-pile Chemical Material Program, the Alternative Technology Program, the Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program, and the Cooperative Threat Reduction Office

The PTS-OPCW-PrepCom Homepage

http://www.opcw.nl/

The homepage for the Provisional Technical Secretariat, the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons Convention Provides detailed information about the treaty and more

Safety Equipment Institute (SEI)

http://www.seinet.gov

The SEI has adopted new testing procedures for chemical and biological terrorists-incident protective clothing used by emergency responders The new criteria include meeting the requirements for inward leakage using a chemical surrogate that mimics penetration of biological agents into protective ensembles Ensembles must also meet minimum protective levels against cyanogen chloride, lewisite, sarin, sulfur mustard, and V-agent This site features the following sub-sites: about SEI, board

of directors, certified products list, suppliers, standards and testing agencies, news releases, SEI staff, and related links

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry — Haz Mat

(ATSDR)

http://atsdr.cdc.gov/mmg.html

“Medical Management Guideline for Acute Chemical Exposures” was developed

by ATSDR to aid emergency department physicians and other emergency healthcare personnel to manage acute exposures resulting from chemical incidents, to decon-taminate patients, to protect themselves and others from contamination, to commu-nicate with other involved personnel, to transport patients to a medical facility, and

to provide competent medical evaluation and treatment to exposed persons Selected chemicals include benzene, formaldehyde, phosgene, ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen sulfide, xylene, arsine, methyl bromide, and others

U.S Army Chemical School

http:www.mcclellan.army.mil/

Homepage for Fort McClellan, AL Provides information on the U.S Army Chem-ical School at Fort McClellan, one of the most advanced and sophisticated training centers for chemical and biological defense

The U.S Army Medical Department and School

http://www.armymedicine.army.mil/armymed/

Provides extensive information about the Army’s medical department Includes information on doctrine development and the use of medical products for victims

of weapons of mass destruction