MDA Minimum Descent AltitudeMEA Minimum Enroute IFR Altitude MM Middle Marker MOA Military Operation Area MOCA Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitude MRA Minimum Reception Altitude MSL M
Trang 1A list of useful tables, references, and computational programs from various chapters and other sources is provided below
● Standard Atmosphere Properties
● Unit Converter
● Summary of Project Input Data
● Summary of Project Results
● Common Acronyms and Abbreviations
● More to be added soon
Trang 2! <xmp>
! Name Value x10^n Force Length Time Temp
! length
ft 1.0 0 0 1 0 0
in 0.083333 0 0 1 0 0
mi 5280.0 0 0 1 0 0
nmi 6076.1 0 0 1 0 0
m 3.280833 0 0 1 0 0
cm 3.280833 -2 0 1 0 0
mm 3.280833 -3 0 1 0 0
km 3.280833 3 0 1 0 0
yd 3.0 0 0 1 0 0
chain 66 0 0 1 0 0
league 18228.3 0 0 1 0 0
furlong 660 0 0 1 0 0
! area acre 43560 0 0 2 0 0
hectare 107641 0 0 2 0 0
! volume gal 13368 0 0 3 0 0
qt .033421 0 0 3 0 0
pt .016710 0 0 3 0 0
l .035315 0 0 3 0 0
barrel 4.21092 0 0 3 0 0
cord 128 0 0 3 0 0
peck 267368 0 0 3 0 0
bushel 1.069472 0 0 3 0 0
!time sec 1.0 0 0 0 1 0
hr 3600.0 0 0 0 1 0
hour 3600.0 0 0 0 1 0
min 60.0 0 0 0 1 0
yr 3.1536000 7 0 0 1 0
year 3.1536000 7 0 0 1 0
day 8.64 4 0 0 1 0
week 6.04800 5 0 0 1 0
fortnight 12.09600 5 0 0 1 0
! speed mph 1.46667 0 0 1 -1 0
kt 1.68781 0 0 1 -1 0
knot 1.68781 0 0 1 -1 0
! force lb 1.0 0 1 0 0 0
oz .0625 0 1 0 0 0
N .22481 0 1 0 0 0
dyne 22481 -5 1 0 0 0
poundal 031081 0 1 0 0 0
metricTon 2204.6 0 1 0 0 0
ton 2000 0 1 0 0 0
carat 00004405 0 1 0 0 0
cuftH2O 62.366 0 1 0 0 0
! mass kg 0.068522 0 1 -1 2 0
sl 1 0 1 -1 2 0
gram 0.068522 -3 1 -1 2 0
g 0.068522 -3 1 -1 2 0
mg 0.068522 -6 1 -1 2 0
! pressure psi 0.006944 0 1 -2 0 0
Pa 2.08858 -2 1 -2 0 0
pascal 2.08858 -2 1 -2 0 0
Trang 3atm 2116.22 0 1 -2 0 0
bar 2.08858 3 1 -2 0 0
inHg 70.727 0 1 -2 0 0
mmHg 2.7845 0 1 -2 0 0
torr 2.7845 0 1 -2 0 0
inH2O 5.2024 0 1 -2 0 0
centipoise 002089 -2 1 -2 1 0
poise 002089 0 1 -2 1 0
! temperature degK 1.8 0 0 0 0 1
degR 1.0 0 0 0 0 1
! energy J 0.73756 0 1 1 0 0
Joule 0.73756 0 1 1 0 0
cal 3.0880 0 1 1 0 0
BTU 778.17 0 1 1 0 0
erg 0.73756 -7 1 1 0 0
kWh 2656000 0 1 1 0 0
! power W 0.73756 0 1 1 -1 0
watt 0.73756 0 1 1 -1 0
kW 737.56 0 1 1 -1 0
hp 550 0 1 1 -1 0
! frequency rpm 104720 0 0 0 -1 0
Hz 6.28319 0 0 0 -1 0
! angle degree .017453 0 0 0 0 0
deg 017453 0 0 0 0 0
rev 6.28319 0 0 0 0 0
cycle 6.28319 0 0 0 0 0
grad 015708 0 0 0 0 0
Trang 4MDA Minimum Descent Altitude
MEA Minimum Enroute IFR Altitude
MM Middle Marker
MOA Military Operation Area
MOCA Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitude
MRA Minimum Reception Altitude
MSL Mean Sea Level
MTR Military Training Route
NAV/COM Navigation Communications Radio
NAVAID Navigational Aid
NDB Non Directional Beacon (ADF)
NFCT Non-Federal Control Tower
NO A/G No Air to Ground Communications
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NOPT No Procedure Turn Required
NOTAM Notice to Airmen Affecting Airport
OCSL
OEI One Engine Inoperative
OM Outer Marker ILS
PAR Precision Approach Radar
PCL Pilot Controlled Lighting
RAIL Runway Alignment Indicator Light System
RBN Radio Beacon
RCLM Runway Centerline Marking
RCLS Runway Centerline Light System
REIL Runway End Identification Lights
RFSS Remote Flight Service Station
RR Low or Medium Frequency Radio Range Station
RVR Runway Visual Range as measured in the touchdown zone area
SALS Short Approach Light System
SOB Souls On Board
SSALS Simplified Short Approach Light System
SSALSR Simplified Short Approach Light System w/Runway alignment lights
TA Transition Area
TACAN Tactical Air Navigational Aid (UHF)
TAS True Air Speed
TCA Terminal Control Area
TCAS Traffic Collision Avoidance System
TDZL Touch Down Zone Lights
TRSA Terminal Radar Service Area
TVOR Terminal VHF Omnirange Station
TWEB Transcribed Weather Broadcast
UNICOM Aeronautical Advisory Communication
V1 Takeoff decision speed (formerly denoted as critical engine failure speed) V2 Min minimum takeoff safety speed
V2 Takeoff safety speed
VA Design Maneuvering Speed
VB Design Speed for Maximum Gust Intensity
VC Design Cruising Speed
VD Design Diving Speed
VDF/MDF Demonstrated Flight Diving Speed
Trang 5VF Design Flap Speed
VFC/MFC Maximum Speed for Stability Characteristics
VFE Maximum Flap Extended Speed
VFR Visual Flight Rules
VH Maximum speed in level flight with maximum continuous power
VHF Very High Frequency
VLE Maximum landing gear extended speed
VLO Maximum landing gear operating speed
VLOF Lift-off Speed
VMC Minimum control speed with the critical engine inoperative
VMO/MMO Maximum operating limit speed
VMU Minimum unstick speed
VNE Never-exceed speed
VNO Maximum structural cruising speed
VOR VHF Omnirange Station
VOR-DME VHF Omnidirectional Range/Distance Measuring Equipment
VORTAC VHF Omnidirectional Range/Tactical Air Navigation
VR Rotation speed
VS Stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed at which the airplane is controllable
VS0 Stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed in the landing
configuration
VS1 Stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed obtained in a specific configuration
VTOL Vertical Take Off and Landing
VTOSS Takeoff Safety Speed for Category A Rotorcraft
VX Speed for best angle of climb
VY Speed for best rate of climb
Trang 6Aircraft Design Information Sources
Aircraft Design Information Sources
by W H Mason
Assembled for use in Aerospace
Engineering Design Education at
Virginia Tech.
Last update November 21, 2005.
Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
Other electronic course material by Mason is available through this directory The
department's web material page is also available These sites contain a lot of material Please send comments and suggested additions to whmason@vt.edu
Summary
Please give credit to the VPI Aircraft Design Program and the NASA/USRA Advanced Design Program when this document is used
Table of Contents
A Aircraft Design Bibliographies
B Control Power Requirements Bibliographies
C A Summary of the X Series Aircraft
D Key Aircraft Museums, with some Photo Collections, including Airshows
E Software
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Trang 7Aircraft Design Information Sources
F Mail Order Aviation Book Sellers and Other Catalogs
G Electronic Data Sources
H Educational Projects for Students Pages
Acknowledgements
This compilation was originally supported by the NASA/USRA Advanced Design Program and the NASA/Navy Control Power Requirements Study The material has been collected from several different sources These include a bibliography of supersonic aerodynamic design prepared at Grumman, a control power bibliography for the Navy/NASA control power study group and the 1993 Aircraft Design Short Course given to the Naval Air Warfare Center,
Warminster, PA Nathan Kirschbaum and Alex Benoliel reviewed it and suggested additions Fred Lutze and Wayne Durham contributed to the control power section
Return to the AOE home page
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Trang 8Aircraft Design Info: Design
❍ Post US SST Supersonic Aircraft Studies
● Flying Wings including the B-2
❍ The controversy
● The Grumman X-29
● YF-22/YF-23/F-22
● Harrier
● STOVL
● Other Actual Aircraft
● Designer Books/Papers:
● Test Pilot Books:
● About Flight Testing
● Good Airplane Design References
● Advanced Design Studies and Unusual Concepts
❍ General informative reviews
❍ Oblique-Wing Concept
❍ Twin-Fuselage Concept
❍ Canard-Rotor Wing Concept
❍ Joined-Wing Concept
❍ Blended Wing-Body (Douglas/Liebeck)
❍ C-Wing Configuration (Boeing/McMasters)
❍ Amphibians/Flying Boats
❍ Strut and Truss Braced Wings
❍ UAVs
❍ Micro Air Vehicles
❍ Roadable Aircraft (Flying Cars)
❍ Hypersonic Aircraft Design
❍ Grumman Studies
● Periodicals
● Aerodynamics
❍ Key Survey Articles: General
❍ Applications of Computational Aerodynamics to Design
❍ Aerodynamic Design Methodology
❍ High-Lift Aerodynamics
❍ High Angle of Attack Aerodynamics
❍ Canard/Three Surface Aerodynamics
❍ Highly non-planar configuration aerodynamics (a paper by Kroo, McMasters and Smith)
❍ Winglet Aerodynamics
❍ Laminar Flow
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Trang 9Aircraft Design Info: Design
❍ Key Aero Configuration Data Sources
❍ Transonic Airfoil Development
❍ Supersonic Aerodynamics ( based on previous Grumman work)
■ Books on Supersonic Aerodynamics
■ Advantages and Potential for Tactical Supersonic Flight
■ Supersonic Aerodynamic Design
■ Conical Camber
■ The SC3 Concept
■ Linear Theory Aerodynamic Design and Analysis
■ a) Panel Methods, Lifting Systems
■ b) Wave Drag
■ Various Contributions to Nonlinear Supersonic Aerodynamics
● Propulsion and Aero-Propulsion Integration
● Aircraft Performance
● Key AIAA Progress Series Books for Aircraft Designers
● AGARD Reports Related to Aircraft Design
● General Design Books
return to the table of contents ?
direct comments and suggestions to W.H Mason, whmason@vt.edu
http://www.aoe.vt.edu/~mason/Mason/ACinfoA.html 第 3 頁 / 共 3 2006/10/29 上午 09:25:34
Trang 10Aircraft Design Information Sources: Surveys
Design Surveys/Magazine Design Series and Design Collections
from the Virginia Tech Aircraft Design Information Sources pages
These are in chronological order, the latest are probably off the screen, so make sure to scroll down to the bottom
J.M Swihart, "Jet Transport Design," AIAA Selected Reprints Vol VIII, Nov 1969 An
excellent collection of aircraft design papers, and a bibliography which is still valuable
B.R.A Burns, "The design and development of a military combat aircraft," Interavia, March, May, June and July 1976 This is a very good description of the major issues in aircraft design
"Design Conference Proceedings-Technology for Supersonic Cruise Military Aircraft," Volume
I AFFDL-TR-77-85, Vol I, U.S Air Force, 1976
AIAA Dayton-Cincinnati Section, Jay Pinson, ed., Diamond Jubilee of Powered Flight: The Evolution of Aircraft Design, Dec 1978 Included AIAA Papers 78-3001 to 78-3016 A survey divided into each 25 year period, and including a section on the next 25 Just about every major company is represented, as well as NASA
B.R.A Burns, "Fundamentals of Design," Air International, Feb., April, August, October, 1979; Jan., March, May, July 1980 This series builds on Burns' previous series and provides more details
AIAA Dayton-Cincinnati Section, Evolution of Aircraft Wing Design, March 1980 Includes AIAA Papers 80-3031 to 80-3047 Includes papers on the wing of the XB- 35/YB-49, Boeing wings, Lockheed Wings, the development of the F-86, variable sweep wings including the F-14, the F-4 and F-15 wing design history and the YF- 17/F-18 wing design, among others
"Tactical Aircraft Research and Technology," Volume I, NASA CP-2162, 1980
AIAA Dayton-Cincinnati Section, Aircraft Prototype and Technology Demonstrator
Symposium, March 1983 AIAA Papers 83-1045 to 83-1065 Includes the General Dynamics experience (B-36, B-58, F-111/FB-111), the XB-70, the F-16, the Northrop Flying Wings, the Boeing jets, Lockheed Skunk Works, and many other demonstrator programs
Conrad Newberry, Perspectives in Aerospace Design, AIAA, 1991 This book is a collection of
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Trang 11Aircraft Design Information Sources: Surveys
over 90 AIAA papers on various aspects of design It also includes a bibliography The
bibliography cites primarily books useful to aircraft designers
Jay Miller, Lockheed's Skunk Works The First Fifty Years, Aerofax, Arlington, TX, 1993 This
is indeed an outstanding history of Skunk Works projects Many details Shows the history of configuration evolution for many projects Covers through the YF-22 and some future concepts
Mike Hurst, "Anatomy of an Airliner," Air International, "Part 1 - concept to delivery," Sept
1994, pp.182-186, "Part 2 - systems to certification," October 1994, pp.222-227, "Part 3 - the airliner in service," November 1994, pp.276-279, and "Part 4 - in flight," December 1994,
pp.343-346 This is an outstanding overview of modern day commercial jet transports and the way airlines use them
Ray Whitford, "Fundamentals of Fighter Design," Air International, Part 1 - Requirements,
January 1996, Part 2 - Aerodynamics, March 1996, Part 3 - Stability & Control I, June 1996, Part 4 - Stability & Control II, August 1996, Part 5 - Propulsion I, November 1996, Part 6 -
Propulsion II, January 1997, Part 7 - Structures, March 1997, Part 8 - Avionics I, May 1997, Part
9 - Avionics II, July 1997, Part 10 - Stealth, September 1997, Part 11 - Systems, November 1997, Part 12 - Armament & Tactics 1, January 1998, Part 13 - Armament & Tactics 2, March 1998 This is better than any textbook on the subject In the future there may be more parts
return to the table of contents ?
direct comments and suggestions to W.H Mason, mason@aoe.vt.edu
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