LOCKSMITH AND SECURITY PROFESSIONALS’ EXAM STUDY GUIDE... He is the author of the “Lock” article in the World Book Encyclopedia and twelve secu-rity-related books, including McGraw-Hill’
Trang 2LOCKSMITH AND SECURITY PROFESSIONALS’
EXAM STUDY GUIDE
Trang 3About the Author
Bill Phillips is president of the International Association of Home Safety and Security Professionals
He has worked throughout the United States as an alarm systems installer, safe technician, and smith He is a graduate of the National School of Locksmithing and Alarms (New York City branch),and he currently works as a security consultant and freelance writer whose articles have appeared in
lock-Consumers Digest, Crime Beat, Home Mechanix, Keynotes, The Los Angeles Times, and many other
periodicals He is the author of the “Lock” article in the World Book Encyclopedia and twelve
secu-rity-related books, including McGraw-Hill’s The Complete Book of Home, Site, and Office Security; The Complete Book of Locks and Locksmithing, Sixth Edition; Locksmithing; Master Locksmithing; and The Complete Book of Electronic Security.
Trang 4LOCKSMITH AND SECURITY PROFESSIONALS’
EXAM STUDY GUIDE
Bill Phillips
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Trang 5Copyright © 2009 by Bill Phillips All rights reserved Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written per- mission of the publisher.
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Trang 6To my parents, Oscar and Ruby Carr
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Trang 8Who Invented the Lock? 2
Early American Lock Companies 7
A Brief History of Automotive Locks in the United States 7
Chapter Quiz 9
Chapter 2 PRIVATE SECURITY AND LOSS PREVENTION 13 Contemporary England 14
Early America 14
Twenty-First Century Security 16
Chapter Quiz 17
Chapter 3 SECURING DOORS 19 How Intruders Can Open Doors 20
Choosing a New Door 22
Chapter Quiz 24
Chapter 4 SECURING WINDOWS 27 Glazing 29
Glass Blocks 30
A Newer Way to Install Glass Blocks 30
Protecting Glass 31
Chapter Quiz 32
Trang 9Chapter 5 BASIC LOCKS AND KEYS 35
Terminology 36
Naming Conventions 38
Types of Keys 38
Chapter Quiz 41
Chapter 6 PICKING, IMPRESSIONING, AND BUMPING LOCKS 43 Picking Pin Tumbler Locks 44
Impressioning Locks 45
Key Bumping 46
Chapter Quiz 48
Chapter 7 ELECTROMAGNETIC LOCKS 51 Structure 52
Security Features 52
Disadvantages 52
The DS-1200 Electromagnetic Lock 53
The Thunderbolt 1500 53
Chapter Quiz 54
Chapter 8 OPENING AUTOMOBILE DOORS 55 Opening Locked Cars 56
Tools You Need 56
Additional Equipment 57
Car Parts to Reach For 57
Unfamiliar Car Models 59
Making Other Tools 58
Business Considerations 59
Special Considerations 59
Why People Call You to Open Their Cars 60
Car-Opening Dispatch Procedure 60
Chapter Quiz 61
Chapter 9 SAFE BASICS 63 Types of Safes 64
Safe Styles 64
Special Safe Features 65
Safe Locks 65
Underwriters Laboratories Fire Safe Ratings 66
viii Contents
Trang 10Underwriters Laboratories Burglary Safe Ratings 66
Selling More Safes 67
Chapter Quiz 70
Chapter 10 BASIC ELECTRICITY AND ELECTRONICS 71 Electricity 72
Chapter Quiz 77
Chapter 11 EMERGENCY EXIT DEVICES 79 Pilfergard Model PG-10 80
Pilfergard Model PG-2D 81
Exitgard Models 35 and 70 82
Alarm Lock Models 250, 250L, 260, and 260L 83
Electronic Exit Lock Model 265 84
Alarm Lock Models 700, 700L, 710, and 710L 87
Alarm Lock Model 715 89
Installing the Control Box 91
Chapter Quiz 93
Chapter 12 WIRELESS AND HARDWIRED ALARMS 95 Intruder Alarms 96
Foil 97
Magnetic Switches 97
Audio Discriminators 98
Ultrasonic Detectors 98
Microwave Detectors 99
Passive Infrared Detectors 99
Quads 99
Dual Techs 100
Chapter Quiz 101
Chapter 13 HOME AUTOMATION 103 Home Automation 103
Programmable Controller 104
Smart House Integrated System 104
X-10 Compatible Home Automation Systems 105
Wall Outlets and Modules 106
Troubleshooting 106
Chapter Quiz 108
Trang 11Chapter 14 FIRE PROTECTION 111
Causes and Cures 112
Smoke Detectors 113
The Kidsmart Vocal Smoke Alarm 114
Fire Extinguishers 114
Escape Ladders 114
Fire Sprinkler Systems 115
Surviving a Home Fire 116
What to Do after a Fire 116
Chapter Quiz 118
Chapter 15 SAFETY AND SECURITY LIGHTING 121 Light Sources 122
Light Controllers 122
Preventing Accidents 123
120-Volt Lighting 123
Chapter Quiz 124
Chapter 16 CLOSED-CIRCUIT TELEVISION SYSTEMS 125 Basics 126
How CCTV Systems Work 126
Cameras 126
Monitors 127
Peripheral Devices 127
Installing a CCTV System 127
Video Intercoms 128
Lighting Considerations 128
Installation Tips 128
Chapter Quiz 130
Chapter 17 HOME AND OFFICE SECURITY 131 Surveying a Home 132
Home Safety and Security Checklist 133
Surveying an Apartment 133
High-Rise Apartments 133
Home and Office Safety and Security Checklist 134
Chapter Quiz 136
Chapter 18 COMPUTER SECURITY 137 Antispyware 139
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Other Security Measures 141
Chapter Quiz 142
Chapter 19 TERRORISM 143 Disaster Planning 144
What Is Suspicious Activity? 145
Homeland Security Presidential Directive 146
Homeland Security 146
Homeland Security Advisory System 146
Threat Conditions and Associated Protective Measures 148
Comment and Review Periods 149
Chapter Quiz 150
Appendix B ASSOCIATED LOCKSMITHS OF AMERICA GENERAL
Appendix D INTERNATIONAL FOUNDATION FOR PROTECTION OFFICERS
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Trang 14Locksmith and Security Professionals’ Exam Study Guide provides locksmith and security
informa-tion, and it includes samples of several security-related exams
If you’re a locksmith, alarm system installer, or security officer who wants to get ahead in yourcurrent position, you need to be certified—and this book provides you with all the information youneed It includes sample questions from the Certified Protection Professional exam, the CertifiedProtection Officer exam, the Registered Professional Locksmith exam, the Registered SecurityProfessional exam, and the General Locksmith Certification exam The answers to the exam questionsare in Appendix G
Appendix D includes an exam you can take to earn Registered Security Professional registration
at no charge—a $50 savings
Even if you don’t plan to take a security-related exam, you can still learn a lot from this book
Locksmith and Security Professionals’ Exam Study Guide contains comprehensive chapters on locks,
safes, alarms, closed-circuit television systems, fire safety, securing doors and windows, and safety andsecurity lighting
Each chapter ends with a quiz—whose answers are in Appendix A—to ensure that you stood the chapter’s contents
under-If you have any questions or comments about this book, you may contact me via e-mail at locksmithwriter@aol.com, or you may write to me at: Box 2044, Erie, PA 16512
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Trang 16I owe a lot of people thanks for helping me with this book From conception to completion, Locksmith and Security Professionals’ Exam Study Guide has been a collaborative effort I am most grateful for
the goodwill and assistance given to me by all those involved in its creation
Some of the companies and organizations that contributed include the Associated Locksmiths ofAmerica (ALOA), the International Foundation for Protection Officers, and the InternationalAssociation of Home Safety and Security Professionals
I’d also like to thank my good friend Joanne Goodwine for pushing me to finish this book, as well
as my son Michael and sister Merlynn for always being there for me Most of all I want to thank myMcGraw-Hill editor, Joy Bramble Oehlkers, for her tremendous patience and guidance, without whichthis book would not have been published
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Trang 18LOCKSMITH AND SECURITY PROFESSIONALS’
EXAM STUDY GUIDE
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Trang 20Chapter 1
LOCK HISTORY
Locksmith and Security Professionals’ Exam Study Guide
Trang 21This chapter traces the development of the lock from earliest times to the pres ent, focusing on
the most important models Every locksmith should be famil iar with these models becausethey form the building blocks for all other locks Many of the lock types and construction prin-ciples mentioned here are looked at in more detail in later chapters This chapter is a quick overview
to help you better understand and appreciate the world of locks
Who Invented the Lock?
The earliest locks may no longer be around, and there may be no written records of them Howlikely it is for old locks to be found depends on the mate rials they were made from, and on the cli-mate and various geological condi tions they were subjected to over the years Evidence exists to sug-gest that different civilizations probably developed the lock independently of each other TheEgyptians, Romans, and Greeks are credited with inventing the oldest known types of locks
The oldest known lock was found in 1842, in the ruins of Emperor Sargon II’s palace inKhorsabad, Persia The ancient Egyptian lock was dated to be about 4000 years old It relied on thesame pin-tumbler principle used by many of today’s most popular locks
The Egyptian lock consisted of three basic parts: a wood crossbeam, a verti cal beam with blers, and a large wood key The crossbeam ran horizontal ly across the inside of the door and washeld in place by two vertically mounted wooden staples Part of the length of the crossbeam was hol-lowed out, and the vertical beam intersected it along that hollowed-out side The vertical beam con-tained metal tumblers that locked the two pieces of wood together Near the tumbler edge of the door,
tum-a hole—ltum-arge enough for someone to insert the key tum-and tum-an tum-arm—wtum-as tum-accessible from outside thedoor The spoon-shaped key was about 14 inches to 2 feet long with pegs sticking out of one end.After the key was inserted in the keyhole (or “armhole”), it was pushed into the hollowed-out part
of the crossbeam until its pegs were aligned with their corresponding tumblers The right key allowedall the tumblers to be lift ed into a position between the crossbeam and the vertical beam, so the pins
no longer obstructed the movement of the crossbeam Then, the crossbeam (bolt) could be pulledinto the open position
Greece
Most early Greek doors pivoted at the center and were secured with rope tied in intricate knots Thecleverly tied knots, along with beliefs about being cursed for tampering with them, provided somesecurity When more security was needed, doors were secured by bolts from the inside In the fewcases where locks were used, they were primitive and easy to defeat The Greek locks used a notchedboltwork and were operated by inserting the blade of an iron sickle-shaped key, about a foot long,
in a key slot and twisting it 180° to work the bolt They could be defeated just by trying a few ferent-sized keys
dif-In about 850 B.C., the Greek poet Homer described that Greek lock in his epic, The Odyssey:
“She went upstairs and got the store room key, which was made of bronze and had a handle
of ivory; she then went with her maidens into the store room at the end of the house, whereher husband’s treasures of gold, bronze, and wrought iron were kept.… She loosed the strapfrom the handle of the door, put in the key, and drove it straight home to shoot back the boltsthat held the doors.”
Like the Greeks, the Romans used notched boltwork But the Romans improved on the lockdesign in many ways, such as by putting the boltwork in an iron case and using keys of iron orbronze Because iron rusts and corrodes, few early Roman locks are in existence But a lot of the keys
2 Locksmith and Security Professionals’ Exam Study Guide