Appendix A ContinuedFc kN Circumferential force at screw drive flank Ft kN Tangential part of Fc, tangential force Torque Values Ttot N m Total torque torque applied on screw drive for a
Trang 1Appendix A (Continued)
Fc kN Circumferential force at screw drive flank
Ft kN Tangential part of Fc, tangential force
Torque Values Ttot N m Total torque (torque applied on screw drive for assembly)
Ttott N m Total torque for torque controlled tightening
Tt N m Thread torque during tightening
Th N m Head frictional torque during tightening
Ttotpermt1 N m Maximum permitted total torque, which can be transmitted
by the screw drive without problems during tightening
Ts N m Snug torque for angular controlled tightening
Stress and Pressure Values
sax MPa Axial stress in screw shank
seq MPa One-dimensional equivalent stress from maximum
distor-tion energy theory (vMises theory) for reducing com-bined stresses to one uniaxial stress value (e.g reducing the combination of tensile- and shear stress in the screw shank to one value)
sa MPa Axial stress amplitude in general
sast2 MPa Axial stress amplitude of screw at temperature t2modulated
by dynamic operating force of bolted joint
saspermt2 MPa Permitted axial stress amplitude of screw at temperature t2
modulated by dynamic operating force of bolted joint
sasperm0 MPa Fatigue limit at room temperature (ISO 3800: sa)
tmax MPa Maximum shear stress in screw shank
pch MPa Pressure in contact area Ah
pchmaxt1 MPa Maximum pressure in contact area Ahat temperature t1 pchmaxt2 MPa Maximum pressure in contact area Ahat temperature t2 pct MPa Pressure in helical contact area of thread engagement
normal to loaded thread flanks
pcc MPa Component contact pressure between clamped part and nut
thread component
Rmst1, Rmst2 MPa Tensile strength of screw at temperature t1resp t2 Rmnt1, Rmnt2 MPa Tensile strength of nut thread component at temperature t1
resp t2 Rmpt1, Rmpt2 MPa Tensile strength of clamped part at temperature t1resp t2 Rp0.2s MPa Proof stress with 0.2% plastic strain under conditions of
tensile test
Es MPa Young’s modulus of screw material (modulus of elasticity)
Ep MPa Young’s modulus of clamped part material (modulus of
elasticity)
Continued
Trang 2Appendix A (Continued)
Est1, Est2 MPa Young’s modulus of screw material at temperature t1resp
t2 Ept1, Ept2 MPa Young’s modulus of clamped part material at temperature
t1resp t2
Frictional Coefficients
mt — Thread frictional coefficient
mh — Head frictional coefficient
mtot — Total frictional coefficient
mcc — Frictional coefficient of component contact between
clamped part and nut thread component
Ratio Values and Numbers
— Load factor; ratio between external axial force of bolted
joint and additional axial force in screw shank
n — Inducing factor; defines, in which position the external axial
force is applied to the fastening system; n¼ 0–1
nx — Number of transversal displacements for vibration testing
ks — Stress factor for relationship between saxand seq(based on
von Mises theory of failure) Abbreviations
FMEA Failure modes and effects analysis
PTFE Poly tetra fluoro ethylene
SCE Standard calomel electrode (reference potential for
mea-surement of corrosion current)
Trang 3B Conversion of Units
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The author thanks Mr H Meier and Mr T Riehl for performing and eval-uating a large number of investigations and testings, Mr W Thomala for valuable discussions, Dr G E Totten, Dr K Funatani, Dr L Xie, and
Mr R Johnson for engaged management of the editorial process, RIBE GmbH Schwabach for support with photographs and experimental results and finally my family for support with plenty of time during preparing the manuscript
Metric unit
English unit
To convert metric
to english multiply by
To convert english
to metric multiply by
Temperature 8C 8F 8F ¼ (1.8 8C)þ 32 8C ¼ (8F32)=1.8
a 1 m 1000 mm.
b 1 ft 12 in.
c 1 N 9.81gf.
d 1 ksi 1000 lbfin 2
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