Atc practist test english5 ppt

The present tense of regular verbs is formed as follows:third person he/she/it, they base form + -s/-es believes base form believe 3.. Past tense: the verb form that expresses what happe

The present tense of regular verbs is formed as follows:

third person (he/she/it, they) base form + -s/-es (believes) base form (believe)

3 Present participle: the verb form that describes what is happening now It ends in -ing and is

accom-panied by a helping verb such as is.

Jessica is doing a difficult yoga pose.

Stocks are falling again in response to another corporate scandal.

NOTE: Words that end in -ing don’t always function as verbs Sometimes they act as nouns and are

called gerunds They can also function as adjectives (called participial phrases).

Present participle (verb): He is loading the boxes into the car.

Gerund (noun): This parking area is for loading only.

Participial phrase (adjective): The loading dock is littered with paper.

(You will learn more about gerunds later in this section.)

4 Past tense: the verb form that expresses what happened in the past.

It snowed yesterday in the mountains.

I felt better after I stretched and did some deep breathing.

5 Past participle: the verb form that describes an action that happened in the past and is used with a

helping verb, such as has, have, or had.

It has not snowed all winter.

I have waited as long as I can.

R EGULAR V ERBS

Most English verbs are “regular”—they follow a standard set of rules for forming the present participle, past tense, and past participle.

■ The present participle is formed by adding -ing.

■ The past and past participle are formed by adding -ed.

• If the verb ends with the letter e, just add d.

• If the verb ends with the letter y, for the past tense, change the y to an i and add –ed.

Here are some examples:

A handful of English verbs have the same present, past, and past participle form Here is a partial list

of those verbs and several examples:

SAME PRESENT, PAST, AND PAST PARTICIPLE FORM

Present: I hit that bump in the road today.

Past: I hit that bump in the road yesterday, too.

Past participle: I’ve hit that bump in the road almost every day this week.

Present: Please set the table for dinner.

Past: He set the table for dinner.

Past participle: He had already set the table for dinner.

I RREGULAR V ERBS

About 150 English verbs are irregular; that is, they do not follow the standard rules for changing tense We

can divide these irregular verbs into three categories:

■ irregular verbs with the same past and past participle forms

■ irregular verbs with three distinct forms

■ irregular verbs with the same present and past participle forms

The table below lists the most common irregular verbs.

S AME PAST AND PAST PARTICIPLE FORMS

PRESENT PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

S AME PAST AND PAST PARTICIPLE FORMS

PRESENT PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

T HREE DISTINCT FORMS

PRESENT PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

T HREE DISTINCT FORMS

S AME PRESENT AND PAST PARTICIPLE FORMS