Chapter 070. Nutritional Requirements and Dietary Assessment (Part 7) ppsx

Nutritional Requirements and Dietary Assessment Part 7 Nutritional Status Assessment Full nutritional status assessment is reserved for seriously ill patients and those at very high n

Chapter 070 Nutritional Requirements

and Dietary Assessment

(Part 7)

Nutritional Status Assessment

Full nutritional status assessment is reserved for seriously ill patients and those at very high nutritional risk when the cause of malnutrition is still uncertain after initial clinical evaluation and dietary assessment It involves multiple dimensions, including documentation of dietary intake, anthropometric measurements, biochemical measurements of blood and urine, clinical examination, health history, and functional status For further discussion of nutritional assessment, see Chap 72

Global Considerations

New nutrient-based terminologies with dietary reference intakes have been developed not only in North America, but in the United Kingdom and Europe, and

by the World Health Organization/Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (WHO/FAO) These different standards have many similarities in their basic concepts, definitions, and levels of nutrients recommended, but there are some differences, owing to assumptions made, functional criteria chosen, the timeliness of the evidence reviewed, and expert judgment

Further Readings

Gibson RS: Principles of Nutritional Assessment, 2d ed Oxford University

Press, London, 2005

Murphy SP et al: Multivitamin-multimineral supplements’ effect on total nutrient intake Am J Clin Nutr 85(1): 280S, 2007

Shils ME et al (eds): Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 10th ed

Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2005

Bibliography

Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference

Intakes, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine: Dietary Reference

Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc Washington,

National Academy Press, 2001

———: Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment.

Washington, National Academy Press, 2000

———: Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium,

Vitamin D, and Fluoride Washington, National Academy Press, 1997

———: Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin,

Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline.

Washington, National Academy Press, 1999

———: Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and

Carotenoids Washington, National Academy Press, 2000

———: Dietary Reference Intakes: Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat,

Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids Washington, National

Academy Press, 2002

———: Dietary Reference Intakes: Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride,

and Sulfate Washington, National Academy Press, 2004

WHO/FAO: Human Vitamin and Mineral Requirements Rome, FAO, 2002