Khám phá windowns server 2008 - p 36 docx

On the Summary page, carefully review the settings and click Create to proceed with the creation of the Self-Service User role or click Previous to go back and change the configuration..

10 On the Summary page, carefully review the settings and click Create to proceed with

the creation of the Self-Service User role or click Previous to go back and change the

configuration

The Create User Role Wizard offers a View Script button This option allows the

administrator to view, modify, and save the PowerShell commands that the wizard

will execute to create the Self-Service User role, as shown in the following example:

$VMPermission = 1023

$AddMember = COMPANYABC\Administrator, COMPANYABC\amy

$hostGroup1 = Get-VMHostGroup -VMMServer vmm2008 | where {$_.Path -eq “All

Hosts\Domain Hosts\SF Application Hosts”}

$hostGroup2 = Get-VMHostGroup -VMMServer vmm2008 | where {$_.Path -eq “All

Hosts\Perimiter Hosts\SF Perimeter Hosts”}

$AddScope = $hostGroup1, $hostGroup2

Set-VMMUserRole -VMPermission $VMPermission -AddMember $AddMember

-RemoveQuo-taPoint -AddScope $AddScope -LibraryStoreSharePath “\\VMM2008.companyabc.com\

MSSCVMMLibrary\VHDs” -VMMServer vmm2008 -JobGroup

3dcd2c05-3271-4fbd-b905-e42a4295aadb

New-VMMUserRole -Name “SF Application Servers Self-service” -Description

“Mem-bers who can provision their own application server VMs using the Self-service

portal in the San Francisco regional office.” -UserRoleProfile SelfServiceUser

-JobGroup 3dcd2c05-3271-4fbd-b905-e42a4295aadb

This code can be saved and edited to facilitate creating other Self-Service User roles from

the VMM command shell

Modifying User Roles

The administrator of a user role can modify an existing user role by modifying its

proper-ties in the Administrator console To modify a user role, follow these steps:

1 Open the VMM Administrator console using the shortcut on the Windows desktop

or via the Start menu under Microsoft System Center, VMM 2008, VMM

Administrator console

A Connect to Server window may open, prompting for the VMM server to connect

to Enter the server name and connection port (the default is port 8100) using the

format VMMserver:port

NOTE

You may choose to always open a connection to this ser ver by selecting the Make This

Ser ver My Default check box Doing so prevents this connection window from

display-ing when the Administrator console is run

2 Go to the Administration view by clicking the Administration button Then select

User Roles from the view area

3 Select the user role to modify and click Properties in the Actions pane

4 On the General tab, modify the settings as needed

5 On the Members tab, add or remove members as needed

6 For Delegated Administrators and Self-Service User roles, click the Object Scope tab

and modify the settings as needed

7 For Self-Service User roles, click the VM Tasks tab and modify the settings as needed

8 For Self-Service User roles, click the Create VM tab and modify the settings as needed

9 For Self-Service User roles, click the Store VM tab and modify the settings as needed

10 Click OK to save the new settings

Removing User Roles

The administrator of a user role can remove an existing user role by removing it from the

Administrator console To remove a user role, follow these steps:

1 Open the VMM Administrator console using the shortcut on the Windows desktop

or via the Start menu under Microsoft System Center, VMM 2008, VMM

Administrator console

A Connect to Server window may open, prompting for the VMM server to connect

to Enter the server name and connection port (the default is port 8100) using the

format VMMserver:port

NOTE

You may choose to always open a connection to this ser ver by selecting the Make This

Ser ver My Default check box Doing so prevents this connection window from

display-ing when the Administrator console is run

2 Go to the Administration view by clicking the Administration button Then select

User Roles from the view area

3 Select the user role to remove and click Remove in the Actions pane

4 Click Yes to the confirmation prompt to remove the user role

Deploying Virtual Machines

This section describes how to deploy VMs on managed hosts using VMM In this section,

the process of VM placement is discussed, and you learn how to customize host ratings

during placement, and we examine the procedures for deploying and migrating VMs to

another host

Virtual Machine Placement

The process of selecting the most suitable host upon which to deploy a VM is called VM

placement When the administrator deploys a VM, a list is created in VMM of all the

managed hosts where the VM can be placed Each host is given a start rating, from zero to

five stars, indicating its suitability for the given VM

This star rating is based on the VM’s hardware and resource requirements and each host’s

ability to fulfill these requirements Host ratings also take resource maximization, fault

tolerance, and load balancing into consideration

NOTE

If a VM has been configured by the administrator with the Make This VM Highly

Available option, the VM can only be placed on Hyper-V host clusters Hosts that are

not clusters cannot host highly available VMs (HA VMs)

Automatic VM Placement

Automatic VM placement occurs during deployment of a VM in the following situations:

When VMs are deployed by self-service users from the self-service portal, the VM is

deployed to the most suitable host server in the specified host group

When the drag-and-drop method of migration within the VMM Administrator

con-sole is used, the VM is deployed to the most suitable host server in the target group

When Automatic Placement occurs, the configuration files and virtual hard disks (VHDs)

for the VM are moved to the most suitable host

NOTE

For Automatic Placement to succeed, a VM path must be configured on the

recom-mended host’s VMM volume

Customizing Host Ratings

The default criteria used to create host ratings can be customized by the VMM

administra-tor, as follows:

1 Open the VMM Administrator console using the shortcut on the Windows desktop

or via the Start menu under Microsoft System Center, VMM 2008, VMM

Administrator console

A Connect to Server window may open, prompting for the VMM server to connect

to Enter the server name and connection port (the default is port 8100) using the

format VMMserver:port

NOTE

You may choose to always open a connection to this ser ver by selecting the Make

This Ser ver My Default check box Doing so prevents this connection window from

dis-playing when the Administrator console is run

2 Go to the Administration view by clicking the Administration button Then select

General from the view area

3 Select Placement Settings in the results pane and click Modify in the Actions pane

4 In the Placement Settings dialog box, select the placement goal for determining the

most suitable host for a VM from one of the following choices:

a Load balancing—Hosts with the most free resources receive the highest rating

This setting provides the best VM performance

b Resource maximization—Hosts that meet the VM’s required resources and

have the least free resources receive the highest rating This setting provides

the highest VM density on hosts

5 Under Resource Importance, use the sliding scales to select the relative importance

of the following resources to VMs, from not important to very important:

CPU utilization

Free memory

Disk I/O

Network utilization

NOTE

By default, CPU utilization and free memor y are given more impor tance than disk I/O

and network utilization

6 Click OK to change the default placement settings

Customizing Host Ratings for a Virtual Machine

The host ratings can be configured for specific VMs that override the systemwide VM

placement settings

The override settings can be specified whenever the administrator runs any of the

follow-ing VMM wizards:

New Virtual Machine Wizard

Clone Virtual Machine Wizard

Convert Virtual Machine Wizard

Deploy Virtual Machine Wizard

Migrate Virtual Machine Wizard

To configure the override placement settings for a VM, follow these steps on the Select

Virtual Machine Settings page of the wizard:

1 Click the Customizable Ratings button

2 Click the appropriate Placement Goal for this VM from either Load Balancing (most

free resources available) or Resource Maximization (least free resources available)

3 Use the slider controls to adjust the importance of CPU utilization, free memory,

disk I/O, and network utilization

4 On the VM Load tab, refine the workload characterization of the VM using the

following settings:

CPU: Expected CPU Utilization

Disk: Required physical disk space (GB)

Disk: Expected disk I/O per second (IOPS)

Network: Expected utilization (megabits per second)

5 Click OK to continue the wizard

Deploying Virtual Machines Using the Administrator Console

The following steps detail how to deploy a new VM using the VMM Administrator

console

1 Open the VMM Administrator console using the shortcut on the Windows desktop

or via the Start menu under Microsoft System Center, VMM 2008, VMM

Administrator console

A Connect to Server window may open, prompting for the VMM server to connect

to Enter the server name and connection port (the default is port 8100) using the

format VMMserver:port

NOTE

You may choose to always open a connection to this ser ver by selecting the Make This

Ser ver My Default check box Doing so prevents this connection window from

display-ing when the Administrator console is run

2 Go to the Library view by selecting the Library button

3 In the navigation pane, expand Library Server and the appropriate library server that

holds the VM to deploy

4 Expand VMs and Templates to display the available VMs, as shown in Figure 11.5

FIGURE 11.5 Examining available VMs and templates

5 In the Results pane, select the VM to deploy to a host

6 In the Actions pane, Click Deploy

7 On the Select Virtual Machine Host page, select the host upon which to deploy the

new VM All hosts are given a zero- to five-star rating to gauge the suitability of the

host for the given VM, but the administrator can choose any host that has enough

disk space to host the VM

NOTE

The administrator can get additional information about the selected VM by viewing the

Details, Rating Explanation, and SAN Explanation tabs in the Details view Each of these

tabs display detailed information about how the rating is calculated for each host

The administrator can customize the ratings for this VM by clicking the Customize

Ratings button and adjusting the CPU, memory, disk I/O, and network criteria for

the VM

Click Next to continue

8 In the Select Path page, type the path on the host where the VM and its associated

files should be stored on the host

NOTE

The path entered must be a valid and already exist on the host

Optionally, the administrator can check the Add This Path to the List of Host

Default Paths check box to add the path to the default paths on the host

If SAN transfers are enabled, the VM is transferred to the host over the SAN, by

default If the administrator does not want to perform a SAN transfer, check the

Transfer over the Network Even if a SAN Transfer Is Available check box This check

box is not available if SAN transfers are not available for this deployment

Click Next to continue

9 On the Select Network page, select the appropriate network that exists on the

selected host If the administrator does not want to configure a network, select Not

Connected Click Next

10 On the Additional Properties page, configure one of the following actions:

a Action When Physical Server Starts

i Never Automatically Turn on the Virtual Machine

ii Always Automatically Turn on the Virtual Machine

iii Automatically Turn on the Virtual Machine If Was Running When the

Physical Server Stopped

b Automatic Stop Action

i Save State

ii Turn Off Virtual Machine

iii Shut Down Guest OS

Click Next to continue

11 On the Summary page, carefully review the settings The administrator can also

choose to select the Start the Virtual Machine Immediately After Deploying It to the

Host check box, if desired

The Deploy Virtual Machine Wizard offers a View Script button This option allows

the administrator to view, modify, and save the PowerShell commands that the

wizard will execute to deploy the VM, as shown in the following example:

# ——————————————————————————————————————

—

# Deploy Virtual Machine Script

# ——————————————————————————————————————

—

# Script generated on Sunday, June 22, 2008 1:23:39 AM by Virtual Machine

Man-ager

#

# For additional help on cmdlet usage, type get-help <cmdlet name>

# ——————————————————————————————————————

—

$VMHost = Get-VMHost -VMMServer vmm2008 | where {$_.Name -eq “DC1.companyabc

com”}

$VM = Get-VM -VMMServer vmm2008 -Name “Windows XP Professional” | where

{$_.LibraryServer.Name -eq “VMM2008.companyabc.com”} | where {$_.Location -eq

“\\VMM2008.companyabc.com\MSSCVMMLibrary\VHDs”}

$VirtualNetworkAdapter = Get-VirtualNetworkAdapter -VMMServer vmm2008 | where

{$_.Name -eq “Windows XP Professional”}

New-V2V -VMMServer vmm2008 -VMHost $VMHost -RunAsynchronously -JobGroup

d710839e-c062-43ac-979a-a38315d051c0 -VM $VM -VirtualNetworkAdapter

$Virtual-NetworkAdapter -NetworkLocation ““ -NetworkTag ““

$VM = Get-VM -VMMServer vmm2008 -Name “Windows XP Professional” | where

{$_.LibraryServer.Name -eq “VMM2008.companyabc.com”} | where {$_.Location -eq

“\\VMM2008.companyabc.com\MSSCVMMLibrary\VHDs”}

$VmHost = Get-VmHost -VMMServer vmm2008 | where {$_.Name -eq “DC1.companyabc

com”}

New-V2V -VM $VM -VmHost $VmHost -Path

“C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Hyper-V” -RunAsynchronously -JobGroup d710839e-c062-43ac-979a-a38315d051c0 -Trigger

-RunAsSystem -StartAction TurnOnVMIfRunningWhenVSStopped -DelayStart 0

-Use-HardwareAssistedVirtualization $false -StopAction SaveVM

This is useful to automate the deployment of new VMs from the command line for

multiple server deployment or lab creation scenarios

12 Click Deploy to proceed with the deployment of the VM on the host or click

Previous to go back and change the deployment options

To review the progress and results of the operation, the administrator can view the Jobs

window in the VMM Administrator console

Deploying a Virtual Machine Using the Self-Service Portal

The Virtual Machine Manage self-service portal, shown in Figure 11.6, is a website that

allows self-service users to deploy, manage, and delete their own VMs Automatic

Placement is used to select the best-qualified host to host the VM, based on the default

VMM placement settings or the override settings specified in a VM

The following steps detail how to deploy a new VM using the self-service portal:

1 The self-service user opens the self-service portal by entering the following URL in

Internet Explorer:

a If the self-service portal website is using a dedicated port, type http://

followed by the computer name of the web server, a colon (:), and then the

port number (for example, http://vmm2008:8000 ).

b If the self-service portal is configured to use host headers, type http://

followed by the host header name

2 Enter a valid self-service user domain\username and password, and click the Log On

button The self-service portal will display in the browser

3 Select New Computer from the Actions pane on the right The New VM window will

open

4 Select the correct Self-Service User role to use from the Role drop-down box at the

top of the New VM window

5 On the New VM window, enter the following information:

a Name—Type a friendly name for the new VM (for example, Windows Server

b Description—Type a description for the new VM.

FIGURE 11.6 The VMM self-ser vice por tal

FIGURE 11.7 The self-ser vice por tal New VM Window

c Computer Name—Type the computer name of the new VM (for example,

d Administrator Password/Confirm Password—Enter and confirm the local

administrator password for the new VM

e OS Product Key—Type the Microsoft product key for the new VM.

NOTE

The number of quota points, if any, is displayed at the bottom of the New VM window

This indicates how many quota points the user has available If the user does not have

enough quota points available for this VM, the user will be unable to deploy it

Figure 11.7 shows an example of the New VM window

6 Click the Create button to create and deploy the new VM A pop-up window will

display indicating that the VM was successfully created

7 Click OK to the pop-up message and to close the New VM window

The self-service portal will update to show the status of the deployment of the new VM

The deployment may take a few minutes as files are copied to the host server and the VM

is configured