OCA /OCP Oracle Database 11g A ll-in-One Exam Guide- P2 ppt

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Thank you, Silvia, for helping me do this (and for giving me a reason for living).

—John

Ameetha, a more loving and caring companion to share this journey through life,

I could not have found

—Roopesh

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CONTENTS AT A GLANCE

Part I Oracle Database 11g Administration

Chapter 1 Architectural Overview of Oracle Database 11g 3

Chapter 2 Installing and Creating a Database 55

Chapter 3 Instance Management 99

Chapter 4 Oracle Networking 133

Chapter 5 Oracle Storage 171

Chapter 6 Oracle Security 203

Part II SQL Chapter 7 DDL and Schema Objects 259

Chapter 8 DML and Concurrency 315

Chapter 9 Retrieving, Restricting, and Sorting Data Using SQL 367

Chapter 10 Single-Row and Conversion Functions 419

Chapter 11 Group Functions 459

Chapter 12 SQL Joins 481

Chapter 13 Subqueries and Set Operators 515

vii

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OCA/OCP Oracle Database 11g All-in-One Exam Guide

viii

Part III Advanced Database Administration

Chapter 14 Configuring the Database for Backup and Recovery 543

Chapter 15 Back Up with RMAN 577

Chapter 16 Restore and Recover with RMAN 607

Chapter 17 Advanced RMAN Facilities 641

Chapter 18 User-Managed Backup, Restore, and Recovery 677

Chapter 19 Flashback 699

Chapter 20 Automatic Storage Management 747

Chapter 21 The Resource Manager 773

Chapter 22 The Scheduler 805

Chapter 23 Moving and Reorganizing Data 831

Chapter 24 The AWR and the Alert System 865

Chapter 25 Performance Tuning 891

Chapter 26 Globalization 937

Chapter 27 The Intelligent Infrastructure 965

Appendix About the CD 983

Glossary 987

Index 1003

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Introduction xxix

Part I Oracle Database 11g Administration Chapter 1 Architectural Overview of Oracle Database 11g 3

Exam Objectives 3

Oracle Product Stack 4

Oracle Server Family 4

Oracle Development Tools 8

Oracle Applications 10

Prerequisite Concepts 11

Oracle Concepts 11

SQL Concepts 12

Operating System Concepts 13

Single-Instance Architecture 13

Single-Instance Database Architecture 13

Distributed Systems Architectures 16

Instance Memory Structures 19

The Database Buffer Cache 20

The Log Buffer 21

The Shared Pool 23

The Large Pool 26

The Java Pool 26

The Streams Pool 27

Instance Process Structures 28

SMON, the System Monitor 29

PMON, the Process Monitor 30

DBWn, the Database Writer 30

LGWR, the Log Writer 32

CKPT, the Checkpoint Process 33

MMON, the Manageability Monitor 34

ix

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x

MMNL, the Manageability Monitor Light 35

MMAN, the Memory Manager 35

ARCn, the Archiver 35

RECO, the Recoverer Process 36

Some Other Background Processes 37

Database Storage Structures 40

The Physical Database Structures 41

The Logical Database Structures 45

The Data Dictionary 46

Two-Minute Drill 49

Single-Instance Architecture 49

Instance Memory Structures 49

Instance Process Structures 49

Database Storage Structures 49

Self Test 50

Self Test Answers 52

Chapter 2 Installing and Creating a Database 55

Exam Objectives 55

Identify the Tools for Administering an Oracle Database 56

The Oracle Universal Installer 56

Database Creation and Upgrade Tools 60

Tools for Issuing Ad Hoc SQL: SQL*Plus and SQL Developer 61 Oracle Enterprise Manager 66

Other Administration Tools 67

Plan an Oracle Database Installation 68

Choice of Operating System 68

Hardware and Operating System Resources 69

Optimal Flexible Architecture 71

Environment Variables 72

Install the Oracle Software by Using the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) 74

Create a Database by Using the Database Configuration Assistant 77

The Instance, the Database, and the Data Dictionary 78

Using the DBCA to Create a Database 79

The Scripts and Other Files Created by the DBCA 84

The DBCA’s Other Functions 90

Two-Minute Drill 91

Identify the Tools for Administering an Oracle Database 91

Plan an Oracle Database Installation 92

Install the Oracle Software by Using the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) 92

Create a Database by Using the Database Configuration Assistant 92

Self Test 92

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xi

Chapter 3 Instance Management 99

Exam Objectives 99

Set Database Initialization Parameters 101

Static and Dynamic Parameters and the Initialization Parameter File 101

The Basic Parameters 103

Describe the Stages of Database Startup and Shutdown 108

Starting and Connecting to Database Control 108

Starting the Database Listener 110

Starting SQL*Plus 112

Database Startup and Shutdown 112

Use the Alert Log and Trace Files 121

Use Data Dictionary and Dynamic Performance Views 123

The Data Dictionary Views 123

The Dynamic Performance Views 124

Two-Minute Drill 126

Describe the Stages of Database Startup and Shutdown 126

Set Database Initialization Parameters 126

Use the Alert Log and Trace Files 127

Use Data Dictionary and Dynamic Performance Views 127

Self Test 127

Chapter 4 Oracle Networking 133

Exam Objectives 133

Configure and Manage the Oracle Network 134

Oracle Net and the Client-Server Paradigm 134

A Word on Oracle Net and Communication Protocols 136

Establishing a Session 136

Creating a Listener 139

Database Registration 140

Techniques for Name Resolution 143

The Listener Control Utility 145

Configuring Service Aliases 149

Filenames and the TNSADMIN Environment Variable 151

Database Links 153

Use the Oracle Shared Server Architecture 157

The Limitations of Dedicated Server Architecture 157

The Shared Server Architecture 159

Configuring Shared Server 161

When to Use the Shared Server 162

Configure and Manage the Oracle Network 165

Use the Oracle Shared Server Architecture 165

Self Test 166

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xii

Chapter 5 Oracle Storage 171

Exam Objectives 171

Overview of Tablespaces and Datafiles 172

The Oracle Data Storage Model 172

Segments, Extents, Blocks, and Rows 174

File Storage Technologies 178

Create and Manage Tablespaces 180

Tablespace Creation 180

Altering Tablespaces 186

Dropping Tablespaces 191

Oracle-Managed Files (OMF) 191

Space Management in Tablespaces 194

Extent Management 194

Segment Space Management 196

Overview of Tablespaces and Datafiles 197

Create and Manage Tablespaces 198

Space Management in Tablespaces 198

Self Test 198

Chapter 6 Oracle Security 203

Exam Objectives 203

Create and Manage Database User Accounts 204

User Account Attributes 205

Authentication Methods 209

Creating Accounts 213

Grant and Revoke Privileges 216

System Privileges 216

Object Privileges 219

Create and Manage Roles 223

Creating and Granting Roles 223

Predefined Roles 224

Enabling Roles 225

Create and Manage Profiles 229

Password Management 229

Resource Limits 230

Creating and Assigning Profiles 231

Database Security and Principle of Least Privilege 234

Public Privileges 234

Security-Critical Instance Parameters 235

Work with Standard Database Auditing 240

Auditing SYSDBA Activity 241

Database Auditing 241

Value-Based Auditing with Triggers 244

Fine-Grained Auditing (FGA) 245

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xiii

Create and Manage Database User Accounts 248

Grant and Revoke Privileges 248

Create and Manage Roles 249

Create and Manage Profiles 249

Database Security and Principle of Least Privilege 249

Work with Standard Database Auditing 249

Self Test 249

Part II SQL Chapter 7 DDL and Schema Objects 259

Exam Objectives 259

Categorize the Main Database Objects 260

Object Types 260

Naming Schema Objects 261

Object Namespaces 262

List the Data Types That Are Available for Columns 263

Create a Simple Table 266

Creating Tables with Column Specifications 267

Creating Tables from Subqueries 268

Altering Table Definitions after Creation 269

Dropping and Truncating Tables 270

Create and Use Temporary Tables 273

Indexes 275

Why Indexes Are Needed? 275

Types of Index 276

Creating and Using Indexes 281

Modifying and Dropping Indexes 282

Constraints 283

The Types of Constraint 283

Defining Constraints 286

Constraint State 288

Constraint Checking 289

Why Use Views at All? 291

Simple and Complex Views 293

CREATE VIEW, ALTER VIEW, and DROP VIEW 294

Synonyms 295

Sequences 298

Creating Sequences 298

Using Sequences 300

Categorize the Main Database Objects 303

List the Data Types That Are Available for Columns 303

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