Android SDK (phần 1) docx

Professional Android 2 Application Development: • Reviews Android as a development platform and best practices for mobile development • Provides an in-depth look at the Android applicat

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Written by an Android authority, this up-to-date resource shows you

how to leverage the features of Android 2 to enhance existing

products or create innovative new ones Serving as a hands-on guide

to building mobile apps using Android, the book walks you through

a series of sample projects that introduces you to Android’s new features

and techniques Using the explanations and examples included in

these pages, you’ll acquire the foundation needed to write compelling

mobile applications that use Android, along with the flexibility to

quickly adapt to future enhancements.

Professional Android 2 Application Development:

• Reviews Android as a development platform and best practices

for mobile development

• Provides an in-depth look at the Android application components

• Details creating layouts and Views to produce compelling resolution

independent user interfaces

• Examines Intents and Content Providers for sharing data

• Introduces techniques for creating map-based applications and using

location-based services such as GPS

• Looks at how to create and use background Services, Notifications,

and Alarms

• Demonstrates how to create interactive homescreen components

• Explores the Bluetooth, telephony, and networking APIs

• Examines using hardware, including the camera and sensors such

as the compass and accelerometers

Reto Meier is a software developer who has been involved in Android since the

initial release in 2007 He is an Android Developer Advocate at Google

Wrox Professional guides are planned and written by working programmers

to meet the real-world needs of programmers, developers, and IT professionals

Focused and relevant, they address the issues technology professionals face every

day They provide examples, practical solutions, and expert education in new

technologies, all designed to help programmers do a better job

Programming / Mobile & Wireless / Android

Build unique mobile applications

with the latest Android SDK

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ANDROID™ 2 APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

INTRODUCTION xxvii

CHAPTER 1 Hello, Android 1

CHAPTER 2 Getting Started 17

CHAPTER 3 Creating Applications and Activities 49

CHAPTER 4 Creating User Interfaces 85

CHAPTER 5 Intents, Broadcast Receivers, Adapters, and the Internet 137

CHAPTER 6 Files, Saving State, and Preferences 187

CHAPTER 7 Databases and Content Providers 209

CHAPTER 8 Maps, Geocoding, and Location-Based Services 245

CHAPTER 9 Working in the Background 285

CHAPTER 10 Invading the Phone-Top 327

CHAPTER 11 Audio, Video, and Using the Camera 363

CHAPTER 12 Telephony and SMS 389

CHAPTER 13 Bluetooth, Networks, and Wi-Fi 425

CHAPTER 14 Sensors 457

CHAPTER 15 Advanced Android Development 477

INDEX 529

Professional Android™2 Application Development

Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to

the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation warranties of fitness for a particular purpose No warranty may be created or extended by sales or promotional materials The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for every situation This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional services If professional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising herefrom The fact that an organization or Web site is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Web site may provide or recommendations it may make Further, readers should be aware that Internet Web sites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read.

For general information on our other products and services please contact our Customer Care Department within the United States at (877) 762-2974, outside the United States at (317) 572-3993 or fax (317) 572-4002.

Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books.

Library of Congress Control Number: 2009943638

Trademarks: Wiley, the Wiley logo, Wrox, the Wrox logo, Wrox Programmer to Programmer, and related trade dress are

trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc and/or its affiliates, in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission Android is a trademark of Google, Inc All other trademarks are the property

of their respective owners Wiley Publishing, Inc is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.

To Kristy

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

RETO MEIERis originally from Perth, Western Australia, but now lives in London

He currently works as an Android Developer Advocate at Google, helping Android app ers create the best applications possible Reto is an experienced software developer with more than

develop-10 years of experience in GUI application development Before Google, he worked in various tries, including offshore oil and gas and finance

indus-Always interested in emerging technologies, Reto has been involved in Android since the initialrelease in 2007 In his spare time, he tinkers with a wide range of development platforms, includingGoogle’s plethora of developer tools

You can check out Reto’s web site, The Radioactive Yak, athttp://blog.radioactiveyak.comorfollow him on twitter athttp://www.twitter.com/retomeier

ABOUT THE TECHNICAL EDITOR

MILAN NARENDRA SHAHgraduated with a BSc Computer Science degree from the University ofSouthampton He has been working as a software engineer for more than seven years, with

experiences in C#, C/C++, and Java He is married and lives in Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom

Mary Beth Wakefield

ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR OF MARKETING

Most importantly I’d like to thank Kristy Your support makes everything I do possible, and yourgenerous help ensured that this book was the best it could be Without you it would never havehappened

A big thank-you goes to Google and the Android team, particularly the Android engineers and mycolleagues in developer relations The pace at which Android has grown and developed in the pastyear is nothing short of phenomenal

I also thank Scott Meyers for giving me the chance to bring this book up to date; and Bill Bridges,Milan Shah, Sadie Kleinman, and the Wrox team for helping get it done

Special thanks go out to the Android developer community Your hard work and exciting tions have helped make Android a great success

INTRODUCTION xxvii CHAPTER 1: HELLO, ANDROID 1

Android: An Open Platform for Mobile Development 4

Extensive Media Support and 2D/3D Graphics 8Optimized Memory and Process Management 8

Introducing the Open Handset Alliance 9

What Has and Will Continue to Drive Android Adoption? 10What Does It Have That Others Don’t? 11Changing the Mobile Development Landscape 11

Introducing the Development Framework 12

Understanding the Android Software Stack 13The Dalvik Virtual Machine 14Android Application Architecture 15

CHAPTER 2: GETTING STARTED 17

Downloading and Installing the SDK 18

Using the Eclipse Plug-In 20Creating Your First Android Application 23Starting a New Android Project 23Creating a Launch Configuration 24Running and Debugging Your Android Applications 26Understanding Hello World 26Types of Android Applications 29

Background Services and Intent Receivers 29Intermittent Applications 30

Developing for Mobile Devices 30

Hardware-Imposed Design Considerations 30

Expect Low Speeds, High Latency 32

Considering the Users’ Environment 34

Developing Secure Applications 37Ensuring a Seamless User Experience 37

The Android Virtual Device and SDK Manager 44

Dalvik Debug Monitor Service (DDMS) 47The Android Debug Bridge (ADB) 47

CHAPTER 3: CREATING APPLICATIONS AND ACTIVITIES 49

What Makes an Android Application? 50

Introducing the Application Manifest 51

The Android Application Life Cycle 57

Understanding Application Priority and Process States 58

Referencing Resources within Resources 68

Referring to Styles in the Current Theme 70

To-Do List Resources Example 70

Creating Resources for Different Languages and Hardware 71

Runtime Configuration Changes 72

Introducing the Android Application Class 74

Extending and Using the Application Class 74

Overriding the Application Life Cycle Events 75

A Closer Look at Android Activities 76

Understanding Activity Lifetimes 82

CHAPTER 4: CREATING USER INTERFACES 85

Fundamental Android UI Design 86

Creating Activity User Interfaces with Views 87The Android Widget Toolbox 88

Customizing Your To-Do List 93Creating Compound Controls 96

Creating a New Visual Interface 99Handling User Interaction Events 104Creating a Compass View Example 105

Resolution and Density Independence 117

The Resource Framework and Resolution Independence 118Resource Qualifiers for Screen Size and Pixel Density 118Specifying Supported Screen Sizes 119Best Practices for Resolution Independence 119Relative Layouts and Density-Independent Pixels 120Using Scalable Graphics Assets 120Provide Optimized Resources for Different Screens 121Testing, Testing, Testing 121

Testing for Custom Resolutions and Screen Sizes 122

Introducing the Android Menu System 123

Dynamically Updating Menu Items 127

Submenus and Context Menus 128

CHAPTER 5: INTENTS, BROADCAST RECEIVERS, ADAPTERS,

AND THE INTERNET 137

Using Intents to Launch Activities 138

Explicitly Starting New Activities 139

Implicit Intents and Late Runtime Binding 139

Returning Results from Activities 140

Using Intent Filters to Service Implicit Intents 144

How Android Resolves Intent Filters 146

Finding and Using the Launch Intent Within an Activity 147

Passing on Responsibility 147

Select a Contact Example 148

Using Intent Filters for Plug-Ins and Extensibility 152

Supplying Anonymous Actions to Applications 153

Incorporating Anonymous Actions in Your Activity’s Menu 154

The Native Linkify Link Types 155

Creating Custom Link Strings 156

Using the Transform Filter 157

Using Intents to Broadcast Events 157

Broadcasting Events with Intents 158

Listening for Broadcasts with Broadcast Receivers 158

Broadcasting Sticky and Ordered Intents 161

Native Android Broadcast Actions 161

Introducing Pending Intents 162

Introducing Some Native Adapters 163

Customizing the Array Adapter 163

Using Adapters for Data Binding 164

Customizing the To-Do List Array Adapter 165Using the Simple Cursor Adapter 169

Connecting to an Internet Resource 170

Introducing the Dialog Classes 172

Specialist Input Dialogs 174Using Activities as Dialogs 174Managing and Displaying Dialogs 175

Creating an Earthquake Viewer 176

CHAPTER 6: FILES, SAVING STATE, AND PREFERENCES 187

Saving Simple Application Data 188 Creating and Saving Preferences 188 Retrieving Shared Preferences 189 Creating a Settings Activity for the Earthquake Viewer 189 Introducing the Preference Activity and Preferences Framework 197

Defining a Preference Screen Layout in XML 198Native Preference Controls 199Using Intents to Import System Preference Screens 200Introducing the Preference Activity 200Finding and Using Preference Screen Shared Preferences 201Introducing Shared Preference Change Listeners 201

Creating a Standard Preference Activity for the Earthquake Viewer 202

Saving and Restoring Instance State 203Saving the To-Do List Activity State 205

Including Static Files as Resources 207

CHAPTER 7: DATABASES AND CONTENT PROVIDERS 209

Introducing Android Databases 209

Introducing SQLite Databases 210Introducing Content Providers 210

Introducing SQLite 210

Cursors and Content Values 211

Working with SQLite Databases 211

Introducing the SQLiteOpenHelper 214

Opening and Creating Databases without SQLiteHelper 215

Android Database Design Considerations 215

Extracting Results from a Cursor 216

Adding, Updating, and Removing Rows 217

Creating a New Content Provider 224

Exposing Access to the Data Source 225

Registering Your Provider 227

Introducing Content Resolvers 227

Adding, Updating, and Deleting Content 228

Accessing Files in Content Providers 230

Creating and Using an Earthquake Content Provider 230

Creating the Content Provider 230

Native Android Content Providers 238

Using the Media Store Provider 239

Using the Contacts Provider 240

Introducing the Contacts Contract Content Provider 240

Modifying and Augmenting Contact Details 243

CHAPTER 8: MAPS, GEOCODING, AND LOCATION-BASED SERVICES 245

Using Location-Based Services 246

Configuring the Emulator to Test Location-Based Services 246

Updating Locations in Emulator Location Providers 246

Selecting a Location Provider 247

Finding the Available Providers 248Finding Location Providers Using Criteria 248

Updating Your Location in ‘Where Am I?’ 253

Creating Map-Based Activities 260

Introducing Map View and Map Activity 260Getting Your Maps API Key 261Getting Your Development/Debugging MD5 Fingerprint 261Getting your Production/Release MD5 Fingerprint 262Creating a Map-Based Activity 262Configuring and Using Map Views 263

Creating and Using Overlays 268

Drawing on the Overlay Canvas 269

Adding and Removing Overlays 271Annotating ‘Where Am I?’ 271Introducing My Location Overlay 275Introducing Itemized Overlays and Overlay Items 275Pinning Views to the Map and Map Positions 278

Mapping Earthquakes Example 279

Starting, Controlling, and Interacting with a Service 290

An Earthquake Monitoring Service Example 290

Binding Activities to Services 297

Prioritizing Background Services 299

Using AsyncTask to Run Asynchronous Tasks 301

Creating a New Asynchronous Task 301

Running an Asynchronous Task 302

Moving the Earthquake Service to a Background Thread Using AsyncTask 303

Manual Thread Creation and GUI Thread Synchronization 304

Using the Handler for Performing GUI Operations 304

Creating a Notification and Configuring the Status Bar Icon 310

Configuring the Extended Status Notification Display 311

Adding Notifications and Toasts to the Earthquake Monitor 314

Advanced Notification Techniques 316

Ongoing and Insistent Notifications 319

Using Repeating Alarms to Update Earthquakes 323

CHAPTER 10: INVADING THE PHONE-TOP 327

Introducing Home-Screen Widgets 328

Creating the Widget Layout 329

Widget Design Guidelines 329

Supported Widget Views and Layouts 330

Defining Your Widget Settings 331

Creating Your Widget Intent Receiver and Adding It to the

Using the Minimum Update Rate 337

Creating and Using a Widget Configuration Activity 340

Creating an Earthquake Widget 341

Live Folder Content Providers 347

Creating an Earthquake Live Folder 349

Adding Search to Your Applications and the Quick Search Box 351

Adding Search to Your Application 351Creating a Search Activity 352Responding to Search Queries from a Content Provider 353Surfacing Search Results to the Quick Search Box 355Adding Search to the Earthquake Example 355

Creating a Live Wallpaper Definition Resource 359Creating a Wallpaper Service 359Creating a Wallpaper Service Engine 360

CHAPTER 11: AUDIO, VIDEO, AND USING THE CAMERA 363

Introducing the Media Player 364Preparing Audio for Playback 365Packaging Audio as an Application Resource 365Initializing Audio Content for Playback 365Preparing for Video Playback 366Playing Video Using the Video View 367

Setting up a Surface for Video Playback 367

Initializing Video Content for Playback 369

Managing Media Playback Output 370

Using Intents to Record Video 371

Configuring and Controlling Video Recording 373

Previewing Video Recording 374

Using the Camera and Taking Pictures 375

Using Intents to Take Pictures 375

Controlling the Camera and Taking Pictures 377

Controlling and Monitoring Camera Settings and Image Options 377

Using the Camera Preview 379

Reading and Writing JPEG EXIF Image Details 381

Adding New Media to the Media Store 382

Inserting Media into the Media Store 383

Recording Sound with Audio Record 384

Playing Sound with Audio Track 385

CHAPTER 12: TELEPHONY AND SMS 389

Launching the Dialer to Initiate Phone Calls 390

Replacing the Native Dialer 390

Accessing Phone and Network Properties and Status 392

Reading Phone Device Details 392

Reading Data Connection and Transfer State 392

Monitoring Changes in Phone State, Phone Activity, and

Monitoring Incoming Phone Calls 396

Tracking Cell Location Changes 396

Tracking Service Changes 397

Monitoring Data Connectivity and Activity 398