About the Authors Toby Teorey is a professor in the Electrical Engineering and Com-puter Science Department at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.. degrees in electrical engineering
Trang 1After Step 3, using the union axiom:
1 AC -> BDEGH Combining (1), (2), and (3)
2 AW->B
3 B -> ACF
4 H -> AXY
5 M -> HNPTZ Combining (7) and (8)
6 XY -> M
Step 4, merging:
1 AC -> BDEFGH, B -> AC, H -> A using Rule 1 for AC being a super-key, Rule 2 for B being a supersuper-key, the definition of 3NF, and A being a prime attribute 3NF only
2 AW->BG using Rule 1 for AW to be a superkey BCNF
3 H -> XY, XY -> M, and M -> HNPTZ using Rule 1 for H being a superkey (after taking H to its closure H -> XYMNPTZ), using Rule
2 for M being a superkey from M -> H, and Rule 2 for XY being a superkey from XY -> M BCNF Note: H->AXY is also possible here
Step 5, minimum set of normalized tables:
Trang 2About the Authors
Toby Teorey is a professor in the Electrical Engineering and
Com-puter Science Department at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
He received his B.S and M.S degrees in electrical engineering from the University of Arizona, Tucson, and a Ph.D in computer science from the University of Wisconsin, Madison He was chair of the 1981 ACM SIGMOD Conference and program chair of the 1991 Entity-Relation-ship Conference Professor Teorey’s current research focuses on data-base design and performance of computing systems He is a member of the ACM
Sam Lightstone is a Senior Technical Staff Member and
Develop-ment Manager with IBM’s DB2 Universal Database developDevelop-ment team
He is the cofounder and leader of DB2’s autonomic computing R&D effort He is also a member of IBM’s Autonomic Computing Architecture Board, and in 2003 he was elected to the Canadian Technical Excellence Council, the Canadian affiliate of the IBM Academy of Technology His current research includes numerous topics in autonomic computing and relational DBMSs including automatic physical database design, adap-tive self-tuning resources, automatic administration, benchmarking methodologies, and system control Mr Lightstone is an IBM Master Inventor with over 25 patents and patents pending, and he has pub-lished widely on Autonomic Computing for relational database systems
He has been with IBM since 1991
Trang 4Index
Activity diagrams, 46–50
control flow icons, 46, 47 database design and, 50 decisions, 46, 47
defined, 34, 46 example, 49 flows, 46, 47 forks, 47–48 joins, 47, 48 nodes, 46, 47 notation description, 46–48 for workflow, 48–50
See also UML diagrams
Aggregate functions, 222–24
Aggregation, 25
composition vs., 41 defined, 25
ER model, 101 illustrated, 25 UML constructs, 41 UML model, 102 AllFusion ERwin Data Modeler,
188–89 advantages, 211
DBMS selection, 199
ER modeling, 194 modeling support, 209 one-to-many relationships, 195 schema generation, 198
See also CASE tools
Armstrong axioms, 122–24 Association rules, 179 Associations, 37–39 binary, 38–39 many-to-many, 39 many-to-many-to-many, 100 one-to-many, 39
one-to-many-to-many, 99 one-to-one, 39
one-to-one-to-many, 98 one-to-one-to-one, 97 reflexive, 37
ternary, 39
See also Relationships
Attributes, 15–16 assignment, 19 attachment, 57 classifying, 57
Trang 5multivalued, 15, 57
of relationships, 17, 19
ternary relationships, 28
UML notation, 35, 36
Automatic summary tables (AST), 166
Binary associations, 38–39
Binary recursive relationships,
90–92
ER model, 90
many-to-many, 90, 91, 92
one-to-many, 90, 91
one-to-one, 90–91
UML model, 91
See also Relationships
Binary relationships, 85–89
many-to-many, 85, 87, 89, 104
one-to-many, 85, 87, 89
one-to-one, 85, 86, 88
See also Relationships
Binomial multifractal distribution
tree, 172
Boyce-Codd normal form (BCNF),
107, 115–16, 118
defined, 115
strength, 115
tables, 132, 133, 144
See also Normal forms
Business intelligence, 147–86
data mining, 178–85
data warehousing, 148–66
defined, 147
OLAP, 166–78
summary, 185
See also Tables
Cardenas’ formula, 170, 171 CASE tools, 1, 187–211 AllFusion ERwin Data Modeler,
188–89, 194, 195, 199, 211 application life cycle tooling
integration, 202–4 basics, 192–96
collaborative support, 200–201 database generation, 196–99 database support, 199–200 data warehouse modeling, 207–9 defined, 187
design compliance checking, 204–5 development cycle, 190
DeZign for Databases, 190 distribution development, 201–2 ER/Studio, 190
introduction, 188–91 key capabilities, 191–92 low-end, 192
PowerDesigner, 188, 200, 203, 206,
210, 211 QDesigner, 190 Rational Data Architect, 188, 189,
193, 195, 198, 210 reporting, 206–7
script generation, 196 summary, 211
transformation table types, 192–93 value, 190–91
Visible Analyst, 190 XML and, 209–10 Chen notation, 9, 10