206 CHAPTER 8 Installing SQL Server 2008 On the Data Directories tab see Figure 8.18, you can configure the data root directory and default directories where the user and tempdb data and
Trang 1204 CHAPTER 8 Installing SQL Server 2008
FIGURE 8.15 Server Configuration page
Also on the Service Accounts tab, you can select the server startup options for the SQL
Server services being installed by selecting the startup type in the drop-down selection list
to the right of the service It is highly recommended to autostart the SQL Server service so
it’s available when the system is started (If necessary, you can change the startup options
for the SQL Server services later, using the SQL Server Configuration Manager.)
NOTE
The SQL Server Browser service is installed only once, no matter how many instances
you install
NOTE
If you are not sure what accounts to set up for the various services, don’t worry too
much at this point You can always change the service accounts later using the SQL
Server Configuration Manager
The Server Configuration page also allows you to override the default SQL Server collation
settings You do so by first clicking on the Collation tab (see Figure 8.16) Collations are
important because they are used to determine case sensitivity of textual data for
compar-isons, sort order in indexes, and so on
Trang 2If you’re running Windows in the United States, the collation selection defaults to
SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS for the Database Engine The default settings should be
changed only if the collation setting for this installation of SQL Server needs to match the
collation settings used by another instance of SQL Server, or if it needs to match the
Windows system locale of another computer If you need to change the collation settings,
click on the Customize button This brings up the Database Engine Collation
Customization dialog, where you can select from standardized SQL Collations or customize
your own by specifying a Windows collation setting and the desired sort options
After making your selections on the Server Configuration page, click Next to move onto
the Database Engine Configuration page On this page, you can specify the authentication
mode to use for SQL Server This is done on the Account Provisioning tab (see Figure
8.17) The default setting is for Windows Authentication only However, Mixed Mode
authentication is required if you plan to have any clients authenticating to SQL Server
2008 R2 but will not be authenticating to a Windows domain If you do select Mixed
Mode authentication, you also have to enter a password to use for the built-in in SQL
Server administration account (sa) A strong sa password is recommended The Account
Provisioning page also provides the opportunity to specify local or domain accounts to be
mapped to the sysadmin role in SQL Server (you must provide at least one) These
accounts have unrestricted access to SQL Server for performing SQL Server administration
and maintenance tasks For more information on user accounts, passwords, and server
roles, see Chapter 11, “Security and User Administration.”
FIGURE 8.16 Server Configuration Collation setting
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On the Data Directories tab (see Figure 8.18), you can configure the data root directory
and default directories where the user and tempdb data and log files will be created, as
well as the default location for the Backup directory Note that the System Database
Directory cannot be changed here; you need to return to the Instance Configuration page
and modify the Instance Root directory In a production installation, for performance
reasons, you should set up multiple drives or drive arrays to store the data and log files
Typically, you do not want the system data files stored on the C: drive, especially buried
in the Program Files folder You likely want to locate the data files on a
high-perfor-mance drive setup specifically for database files and away from the system swap file and
other applications For recoverability purposes, you also should keep your backup files on
a separate drive from your data files (For more information on database devices and
performance, see Chapter 38, “Database Design and Performance.”) As a general rule, you
also should place the log files on separate disks from the data files, and placing tempdb on
its own disk further helps improve performance
FIGURE 8.17 The Account Provisioning tab
Trang 4FIGURE 8.18 The Data Directories tab
NOTE
If you are planning on installing multiple SQL Server instances on the same server,
con-sider using separate subdirectories for each instance’s data and log files This way, you
avoid potential conflicts between data and log filenames for databases with the same
names created in more than on SQL Server instance As you notice, by default, the
SQL Server Installer creates subdirectories under the specified root directory name
using the SQL Server version number and instance name (for example,
MSSQL10_50.MSSQLSERVER) and then an additional subdirectory for the services type
(MSSQL for SQL Server, MSAS for Analysis Services, and MSRS for Reporting Services)
The final tab on the Database Engine Configuration tab is FILESTREAM (see Figure 8.19)
The FILESTREAM data type is a column property available in SQL Server 2008 FILESTREAM
storage is implemented as a varbinary(max) column, but the actual data is stored as BLOBs
in the file system Because of security considerations, FILESTREAM, by default, is disabled
If you want to use the FILESTREAM option, click the Enable FILESTREAM for Transact-SQL
Access check box to enable FILESTREAM capabilities This control must be checked before
the other control options will be available The Enable FILESTREAM for File I/O Streaming
Access check box enables Win32 streaming access for FILESTREAM If this option is
selected, you can specify the name of the Windows share in which the FILESTREAM data
Trang 5208 CHAPTER 8 Installing SQL Server 2008
will be stored The Allow Remote Clients to Have Streaming Access to FILESTREAM Data
check box determines whether to allow remote clients to access this FILESTREAM data on
this server For more information on defining and using FILESTREAM data in SQL Server
2008, see Chapters 24, “Creating and Managing Tables,” and 42, “What’s New for
Transact-SQL in Transact-SQL Server 2008.” If you are unsure whether you need or want to use FILESTREAM
data, you can leave this option disabled during the install You can enable FILESTREAM
data at any time via the SQL Server Configuration Manager
Some of the remaining configuration screens depend on which features you selected in
the Feature Selection page For example, if you chose to install Analysis Services or
Reporting Services, you have configuration pages to specify the installation options for
these features For more information on configuring Analysis Services and Reporting
Services, see Chapters 51, “SQL Server 2008 Analysis Services,” and 53, “SQL Server 2008
Reporting Services.” As with the FILESTREAM option, you do not have to install Analysis
Services or Reporting Services during the initial install You can always run the SQL Server
Installation Center later to add these features to an existing SQL Server instance
After you finish making your selections, click Next to move on to the Error Reporting
page On the Error Reporting page, you have the option to indicate whether you want to
have error reports sent to Microsoft automatically for any of the SQL Server services that
run without user interaction This option, if enabled, helps Microsoft improve future
releases of SQL Server features by sending error reports to Microsoft automatically This
FIGURE 8.19 The FILESTREAM tab
Trang 6process is colloquially known as “phoning home,” and you may be inclined to keep this
option unchecked Note that doing so reduces Microsoft’s capability to gather important
information that can helpful for identifying possible bugs and developing fixes in future
service pack releases Specify whether you want to participate and click Next to continue
to the Installation Configuration Rules page, as shown in Figure 8.20
NOTE
In SQL Server 2008, the Error Reporting page was referred to as the Error and Usage
Reporting page In addition to the option to have error reports sent to Microsoft
auto-matically, it also provided the option to participate in the Customer Experience
Improvement program
The Installation Configuration Rules page runs a final set of checks to determine if there
are any issues that will prevent a successful installation of SQL Server 2008 If no errors are
reported, click Next to continue to the Ready to Install page (see Figure 8.21) This page
displays a summary of the installation options chosen as well as the file locations
speci-fied Review this information to ensure the features and file locations match what you
FIGURE 8.20 The Installation Configuration Rules page
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specified during the previous screens This page also displays the location of the
Configuration file path where you can find the ConfigurationFile.ini file generated by
the installer This ini file can be used for unattended installations, which are discussed
later in this chapter The ConfigurationFile.ini file is located in the same place where
you can find the installation log files, which you can review if any problems occur during
the installation
If everything looks satisfactory on the Ready to Install Page, click the Install button to
proceed with the SQL Server installation This displays the Installation Progress screen,
which shows a progress bar and messages to allow you to track the progress of the
installa-tion When the setup process is complete, the Installer displays the Complete page, which
contains a hyperlink to the Installer log file and supplemental information about the
installation
One of the notes that may be displayed in the Supplemental Information section of the
Complete page refers to the installation of the SQL Server sample databases If you’ve
worked with previous versions of SQL Server, you may remember that there was an option
to install the sample databases during the SQL Server installation With SQL Server 2008,
the sample databases are not part of the SQL Server Installation Center, nor are they
avail-able on the install media To install the sample databases and sample code for non-Express
editions of SQL Server 2008, you need to go to the Microsoft CodePlex website to
down-load the installer for the sample databases There is a link to the SQL Server samples on
the CodePlex website on the Resources page of the SQL Server Installation Center
FIGURE 8.21 The Ready to Install Page
Trang 8FIGURE 8.22 The Complete page
The Supplemental Information section also provides a link to the latest readme file for the
release of SQL Server installed and a note regarding how SQL Server updates are now
avail-able via Microsoft Update Before leaving the Installation Center, you might want to click
the Search for Product Update link on the Installation page to see whether there are any
critical hotfixes or service packs already available for your SQL Server installation
Other Options Available in the SQL Server Installation Center
Before leaving the SQL Server Installation Center, let’s explore a few other utilities
avail-able from the main menu The Maintenance menu provides tools to upgrade an installed
SQL Server 2008 Edition (for example, from Standard Edition to Enterprise Edition), repair
a corrupt installation, or remove a node from a SQL Server 2008 cluster The Tools menu
provides links to the System Configuration Checker, the Installed features discovery report
that generates information regarding all SQL Server products and features installed on the
local machine, and a utility to upgrade existing SQL Server 2005 Integration Services
pack-ages to the SQL Server 2008 Integration Services package format
Finally, on the Advanced menu, there are options to prepare and complete a SQL Server
failover cluster and to install in instance of SQL Server 2008 from an existing
configura-tion file Installing using an existing configuraconfigura-tion file allows you to repeat an installaconfigura-tion
without having to go through all the individual steps and enter/select all the options you
normally have to go through with the installation wizard
Trang 9212 CHAPTER 8 Installing SQL Server 2008
Installing SQL Server Using a Configuration File
If you need to install SQL Server 2008 to multiple machines, you’ll likely want to do so
without having to manually select the same options over and over Running the installer
using a configuration file provides this much-needed timesaving feature With the SQL
Server 2008 installer, you have the option of running the installer with a configuration file
in a couple of ways: using the Installer Wizard with options prefilled by the configuration
file or using a fully automated and unattended installation from the command line If you
use the GUI with the options prefilled by the configuration file, you have the opportunity
to review and change options along the way as necessary
The ConfigurationFile.ini file is a text file composed of parameters in name/value
pairs along with descriptive comments Many of the parameter names correspond to the
screens and screen options you would see when using the Installer Wizard Here are
some examples:
special value MSSQLSERVER to install the default instance
top-level features include SQL, AS, RS, IS, and Tools The SQL feature installs the
Database Engine, Replication, and Full-Text The Tools feature installs Management
Tools, Books Online, Business Intelligence Development Studio, and other shared
components
components
databases
database logs
or Analysis Services
domain\user or system account
disabled (0)
Trang 10spe-cial value “SQL” here to override the default of Windows-only authentication
The following example shows the contents of a configuration file for SQL Server 2008 R2:
;SQLSERVER2008 Configuration File
[SQLSERVER2008]
; Specify the Instance ID for the SQL Server features you have specified SQL
Server directory structure, registry structure, and service names will reflect
the instance ID of the SQL Server instance
INSTANCEID=”MSSQLSERVER”
; Specifies a Setup work flow, like INSTALL, UNINSTALL, or UPGRADE This is a
required parameter
ACTION=”Install”
; Specifies features to install, uninstall, or upgrade The list of top-level
features include SQL, AS, RS, IS, and Tools The SQL feature will install the
database engine, replication, and full-text The Tools feature will install
Management Tools, Books online, Business Intelligence Development Studio, and
other shared components
FEATURES=SQLENGINE,REPLICATION,FULLTEXT,CONN,IS,BC,BOL,SSMS,ADV_SSMS
; Displays the command line parameters usage
HELP=”False”
; Specifies that the detailed Setup log should be piped to the console
INDICATEPROGRESS=”False”
; Setup will not display any user interface
QUIET=”False”
; Setup will display progress only without any user interaction
QUIETSIMPLE=”False”
; Specifies that Setup should install into WOW64 This command line argument is
not supported on an IA64 or a 32-bit system
X86=”False”
; Detailed help for command line argument ENU has not been defined yet
ENU=”True”
; Parameter that controls the user interface behavior Valid values are Normal for
the full UI, and AutoAdvance for a simplied UI
UIMODE=”Normal”