Multimedia cho Joomla part 4 docx

Alternative method of managing files and media Depending on your circumstances, you may or may not have login access to your web hosting server.. Connecting using an FTP program Almost

The built-in Media Manager is a wonderful tool for Joomla! administrators In fact

if you have a Joomla! website that has been built by someone else, then this may be

your only tool for uploading new files to your web server

So we agree that it's a cool tool; one, which can limit file types and allow you to

create directories and upload files, but unfortunately one that is simplistic and has

its limitations One of these drawbacks is the lack of ability to move files about once

they are uploaded

Remember, we can create as many subdirectories as we wish (under our main media

directory) So the trick is to analyze your site purpose at the start of the project, and

set up these directories accordingly, which will save you time and frustration down

the line If your site is already established with files and links to these, then the job

will certainly become more time consuming to do A spring clean of the established

site is possible though, and will require new directories to be created, files moved into

these, and content and links checked to make sure they go to the correct destination

Alternative method of managing files

and media

Depending on your circumstances, you may or may not have login access to

your web hosting server If you do not, then one of your only options for

uploading files will be to use the Joomla! Media Manager, or the option of

third-party Joomla! Extensions

FTP is a standard network protocol that is used to exchange and manipulate files

over a computer network A common use of FTP is to transfer files over the Internet

between a local computer and a web server, which is exactly what we are after!

FTP clients

There are numerous FTP clients (programs) that can be used to transfer files Some

of these graphically show the file and transfer processes, making the management

of your files from your computer to your web server very easy to do

FTP programs

FTP programs range from no cost applications through to commercial software

Which one you choose to use will be down to personal preference Most of these

programs provide drag and drop features as well as easy directory navigation tools:

There are excellent FTP programs for all major operating systems Some popular

options for Windows and Mac are:

Windows

FileZilla

CuteFTP

SmartFTP

WS_FTP

cURL

Mac

FileZilla

Transmit

Cyberduck

CuteFTP

Fetch

FTP Command in Terminal

If you perform a search using a popular search engine, you will obtain a definitive

list of FTP programs A suggestion would be to download a trial version of these

to see which one suits your operating system and requirements

For the purpose of this topic, I have chosen to use and take screenshots from an

FTP program called "Transmit" It is a commercial product, but personally one of

my favorites For those whose use MAC computers, Transmit is recognized as a

wonderful FTP tool

Connecting using an FTP program

Almost all FTP programs require similar information in order to connect to the web

server Depending on the program you are using, the naming of these fields may be

slightly different

In order to connect, we need the following information which is usually derived

from setting up a user account (with FTP permissions) on your web hosting

control panel:

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2 User Name

This is your web server account username Often this can be in the format

of yourusername@yourdomain.com

3 Password

This is your web server account password

4 Initial Path

Some programs offer the ability to set an initial directory to navigate to upon

login If you do not have this option, then do not worry

5 Port

If the server requires connections on a port other than the default one, some

programs offer you the ability to enter in a port number It is best to leave

this as the default setting unless you know what you are doing

If you are having any issues connecting, then it's best to contact your web hosting

administrator in order to check your login access details

There are typically three types of FTP login methods available These are:

1 Anonymous FTP access

This is an easy connection method as you do not need to include any user

information Sometimes software companies offer updates or corporate

and government websites offer forms and content to be downloaded via

an anonymous connection method

2 Username

A simplified but restricted access level where you will be required to

enter just a username This type of FTP login is often used in school

and intranet environments

3 Username and Password

This is a more restricted security access level where the user requires both a

username and password in order to access the server This method is often

used by web hosting companies who offer people the ability to upload files

to the web server

If your FTP connection is set to username (or username and password), then you

should see a dialog box on the screen This will prompt you to enter your security

access details:

Once connected, you will need to navigate to your webroot folder Depending

on your web server, this area may be named httpdocs, mainwebsite_html,

public_html, or other naming conventions It will be inside this directory

where your Joomla! website files will reside

When you have located your main http documents area and clicked to navigate

inside this, you will see the default Joomla! media folder named images.

When you have successfully navigated to your remote main media folder (or any

of the subfolders within this), you will need to make sure that you also navigate

locally to the folders or files you wish to upload Most FTP programs offer you the

ability to create new directories, and drag and drop files from your local computer

to the web server

By using an FTP program, you can gain additional control over your website files

and content

FTP programs can allow you to:

Create files and directories

Rename files and directories

Move files and directories

Delete files and directories

Set file and directory permissions

FTP programs offer you the most flexibility in managing your website files, but it is important to take care when using FTP programs By connecting to your directory structure on the web server, you are navigating amongst core Joomla! files

FTP via a web browser

In addition to browsing the World Wide Web, modern web browsers are

comprehensive internet tools containing additional features such as RSS

readers, the ability to use e-mail, and work with FTP

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Although you can use dedicated FTP programs as we have covered, it's easy to connect

to FTP servers using a typical web browser such as Firefox or Internet Explorer

For the purpose of this example and screenshots, we will be using Mozilla Firefox

Connecting to FTP via a web browser

There are some cases where web browser FTP access can be restricted by

organizations, but in general, if you can use an FTP program to connect to your web

hosting server, then you should be able to connect via FTP using your web browser

The benefits of using a web browser are: Well it's free and you probably already

have it in front of you!

As when using an FTP program to connect, there are typically three types of FTP

login methods available These are:

1 Anonymous FTP access

Authentication methods for FTP via a web browser are the same as when

using a software-based FTP program

2 Username

A simplified but restricted access level where you will be required to

enter just a username This type of FTP login is often used in school and

intranet environments

3 Username and Password

This is a more restricted security access level where the user requires both a

username and password in order to access the server This method is often

used by web hosting companies, who offer people the ability to upload files

to the web server

There are usually two methods of connecting to FTP via a web browser These are:

1 Enter an FTP address into the address bar

For most web browsers that offer FTP support, it is possible to type in the

syntax: ftp.yourserver.com or sometimes ftp.yourdomainname.com, and

then press Enter.

If your FTP connection is set to Username (or Username and Password), then

you should see a dialog box on the screen This will prompt you to enter your

security access details:

If you are having any issues connecting, then it's best to contact your web

hosting administrator in order to check your login access details

Once connected, you will need to navigate to your webroot folder

Depending on your web server, this area may be named httpdocs,

mainwebsite_html, public_html, or other naming conventions It

will be inside this directory where your Joomla! website files will reside

2 Entering directly into the address bar

The second method of connecting via FTP in a web browser is to enter the

user information directly into the address bar Although this can save you

a step, I often find that users can make mistakes using this method, taking

them longer than the previous connection method

Different browsers may have slightly different syntax, but when using

Mozilla Firefox you would enter something similar to the following

directly into the address bar:

ftp://username: password@yourserver.com

For example, if my username was john and my password was 12345, then

that would look like: ftp:john: 12345@yourserver.com

Quite often the username can contain the domain name If this is

the case, the syntax would look like: ftp:john@yourserver.com:

12345@yourserver.com

Uploading and downloading

Once you are connected to FTP by a web browser (by either of the previous

methods), the uploading and downloading of files is usually quite intuitive

To upload a new file, make sure you are residing in the correct remote directory for

upload Browse to a file on your computer and simply drag this file over into your

web browser Depending on the size of the file, this might take some time to upload

and then the process should complete You can download a file in a similar manner,

or you might need to double-click on the file to start downloading it

Web browser plugins

A number of popular web browsers offer you extension plugins, which can enhance

the FTP capabilities when using the browser connection method

The Firefox web browser has a useful extension called FireFTP This plugin offers

you a left and right view to easily manage and move files via FTP using your web

browser FireFTP is just like having a stand alone FTP program on your computer

It's free to use and works on Windows, Mac, and Linux More information about

FireFTP can be found by visiting http://fireftp.mozdev.org/

The following screenshot shows the FireFTP plugin:

It is important to mention that, if you are performing regular file uploading, then

using a specialist FTP browser plugin or FTP program will offer you additional

features and make life easier for you Usually you can save your favorite connections,

so you can login to your web server with a few clicks

With lots of free FTP programs available now that provide the options for file

moving, renaming, and in some cases server-to-server file movement, there is no

reason why you should not be using one of these if you have FTP server access

and perform regular transfers

SFTP

Secure FTP (SFTP) is a program that uses SSH to transfer files SFTP encrypts both

the commands and data being transferred, creating a secure connection between

your computer and the remote server You can use SFTP via an SFTP client, or the

command line Most FTP clients do offer SFTP support, but not all web hosts support

SFTP, so it will pay to check with yours before trying to use this transfer method