Oracle Database Administration for Microsoft SQL Server DBAs part 2 pptx

109 vi Oracle Database Administration for Microsoft SQL Server DBAs... viii Oracle Database Administration for Microsoft SQL Server DBAsUpdate Statistics.. Oracle database solutions are

3 Oracle Installation 43

Operating Systems 44

Windows Setup 46

Useful Linux/Unix Commands 48

Linux Setup 50

Storage Requirements 55

Disk Storage 56

Storage Management with ASM 57

Oracle Files 61

Oracle Database Components 63

Oracle Software Installation 64

Using a Response File 67

Removing Software 68

Upgrading the Database 68

Applying Patches 70

Summary 71

4 Database Definitions and Setup 73

Servers, Databases, Instances, and Schemas 74

SQL Server Setup Versus Oracle Setup 77

Creating Databases 79

Using the DBCA 79

Duplicating Databases with Templates and Scripts 83

Creating the Listener 85

Choosing a Character Set 89

Security 94

Permissions for the Server 95

Permissions for Schemas 98

DBA Roles and Responsibilities Revisited 101

Summary 102

5 DBA Tools 103

Overview of Tools for Typical Database Tasks 104

Oracle Enterprise Manager 105

OEM Navigation 105

Storage Management 107

Database Configuration 108

Oracle Scheduler 109

Statistics and Resource Management 109

vi Oracle Database Administration for Microsoft SQL Server DBAs

Security 109

Enterprise Manager Configuration 111

SQL*Plus 112

SQL Developer 117

Client Connections 119

Client Connection Configuration 120

JDBC Connections 123

Aliases 123

My Oracle Support 124

Summary 125

6 Database Backup, Restore, and Recovery 127

Backing Up Databases 128

Backup Strategies 128

Backup and Restore Commands 129

RMAN Configuration for Backups 131

Backup Options 135

Backup Examples 137

OEM Backup Jobs 137

Restoring and Recovering Databases 141

What Can Go Wrong? 141

Restore and Recover Options 143

Data Recovery Advisor 147

Copying the Database 149

Managing Backups 152

Viewing Backups 152

Purging Obsolete Files 155

Backing Up and Restoring Objects 156

Copying Objects at the Table and Schema Level 156

Using Data Pump 157

Protecting Users from Users 161

Recycle Bin 161

Flashback 164

Summary 169

7 Database Maintenance 171

Maintenance Tasks 172

Consistency Checks 173

Health Checks 174

Contents vii

viii Oracle Database Administration for Microsoft SQL Server DBAs

Update Statistics 176

System Statistics 177

Object Statistics 178

Object Maintenance 181

Index Rebuild 181

Table Reorganization 184

Invalid Objects 187

Grants 189

Synonyms 190

Job Scheduling 191

Creating a Job in Oracle Scheduler 191

Using DBMS_SCHEDULER 194

Setting Up System and User Jobs 196

File Maintenance 197

Shrinking and Resizing Files 197

Tablespace Monitoring 200

Error Logs, Alert Logs, and Trace Files 203

Summary 204

8 Performance and Tuning 207

Better-Performing Systems 208

Indexes 209

Index Monitoring 210

Index Types 210

Locking 219

Current Activity Views 221

Current Sessions 222

Activity Monitors 223

Waits 225

SQL Plans 226

Viewing Explain Plans 226

Tuning Using Explain Plans 228

Automatic Workload Repository 233

AWR Reports 233

Active Session History View 236

Library Cache for SQL Statements 236

Summary 238

9 PL/SQL 239

Database Coding Practices 240

Packages and Package Bodies 243

Contents ix

Triggers 246

Updates and Conditions 249

Transactions 250

Beginning a Transaction 251

Defining Commits 253

Cursor Processing 254

Processing with FORALL 257

Functions 258

Debugging Procedures and Unit Testing 262

Error Handling 264

Error Handling Packages 266

Standard Error Messages 268

Using DBMS Packages 270

Summary 271

10 High-Availability Architecture 273

Options for High Availability 274

Clustering with RAC 276

Configuring RAC 278

Testing RAC 282

Setting Up Client Failover 283

Setting Up RAC Listeners 285

Patching RAC 286

Deploying RAC 286

Configuring and Monitoring RAC Instances 287

Primary and Standby Databases 289

Using Active Standby Databases 290

Setting Up a Standby Database 292

ASM in an RAC Environment 297

Managing ASM Disk Groups 297

Viewing ASM Information 302

Streams and Advanced Replication 304

Oracle Streams 304

Advanced Replication 307

Summary 307

Appendix 309

Index 315

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It is because I have been able to share this experience with my family, friends, and coworkers that I have felt such a sense of accomplishment in completing this book I truly would like to thank all of them, and I am glad that they share in different aspects of my life

Thanks to my junior DBAs, Emily and Mandy, who have also heard what

an Oracle SGA is as I have read some pages to them for bedtime stories Thanks for listening to me even without understanding, and now we can get back to other bedtime stories Thanks to my husband, Bernd, for his understanding as I pursue new challenges

Thanks to my technical editor, Kim Floss, for reviewing and making the book even better Thanks to my sister, Carrie Steyer, for being available as

a sounding board for some of my ideas

Thanks to the awesome DBA team at DRW, which I am proud to be a part of—Laura Culley, Randy Swanson, and Henry Treftz—and for their help

in testing some of the examples contained in this book

Thanks to the IOUG Board of Directors, Ian Abramson, Judi Doolittle, Andy Flower, Kent Hinckley, Steve Lemme, John Matelski, Todd Sheetz, Jon Wolfe, and my mentors in the user group community, who have

encouraged me to share my ideas and have provided me with opportunities

to grow and develop in my career

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Database environments are constantly growing There is definitely not a shortage of data, and many companies need their systems to be constantly

up and available For various reasons, companies may have different

database platforms that they use for storing the data This means that DBAs need the skills to support mixed environments

Oracle database solutions are a large part of a robust enterprise database environment Oracle provides high-availability solutions, efficient ways to manage very large databases, and configurations for better performance New features in Oracle Database 11g have simplified some of the

configurations and maintenance for the database However, even with some of the areas being automated and easier to manage, there is still much

to learn about Oracle and the different options and components of Oracle databases

Some database concepts, such as data modeling and database backup and recovery plans, carry across different platforms Also, there are common tasks that DBAs perform to maintain any database environment

This book covers tasks in Oracle as they relate to the SQL Server ways of doing things, providing translations between the two platforms It compares some of the standard practices and looks at how the internals of the

database require some different maintenance and health checks The point

is not to say that one platform’s feature is better than the other’s, but to help you learn how to use and implement both similar features and different features Each chapter includes comparison tables listing the SQL Server and Oracle commands or components related to the topic This makes it easy for those who are familiar with how to do something in SQL Server to find the information they need for working with Oracle

xiii

The book covers a broad range of topics related to administering

databases, including the following:

■ The internals of Oracle and system information that is available to configure the database settings

■ Installations, including some basic Linux commands and details that are needed for the installation on Linux

■ Database creation and the different terminology and security

associated with Oracle databases

■ The tools available to perform administrative tasks, such as Oracle Enterprise Manager and SQL Developer

■ Backup and restore planning and procedures

■ Management of statistics and database objects, and performance tuning

■ Use of PL/SQL, including how it varies from Transact-SQL

■ High-availability solutions for the architecture and design of the database system

This book is designed to help DBAs leverage the skill set they’ve already developed on another database platform and advance that knowledge to the Oracle database systems The goal is to ease your transition to Oracle and show you how to effectively administer the Oracle database system

xiv Oracle Database Administration for Microsoft SQL Server DBAs

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The Database Administrator