Webmaster''''s Guide to the Wireless Internet part 14 ppt

Table 3.13Attribute for the element Attribute Name Description xml:lang The natural or formal language of the element The following is an example of the syntax for the element: This is

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The <i> Element

The <i> element signifies that the text contained within should be rendered by the user-agent in an italic font However, <em> is the recommended use to sig-nify emphasis.Table 3.13 lists the attribute for the <i> element

Table 3.13Attribute for the <i> element

Attribute Name Description

xml:lang The natural or formal language of the element

The following is an example of the syntax for the <i> element:

This is normal text but <i>this is italic text</i>.

The <img> Element

The <img> element allows a wireless bitmap (WBMP) image to be included See Table 3.14 for a list of attributes for the <img> element

Table 3.14Attributes for the <img> Element

align Specifies how the image should be aligned with

refer-ence to the text flow it appears within Possible options are one of top, middle, or bottom.

alt Alternate text that can be displayed when the image is

unavailable.

height The height of the image in pixels.

hspace The amount of padding that should be applied to the

image horizontally.

localsrc An image, contained internally within the device, that

can be displayed as an alternative.

src The URI where the image to be displayed resides.

vspace The amount of padding that should be applied to the

image vertically.

width The width of the image in pixels.

xml:lang The natural or formal language of the element.

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The following is an example of the syntax for the <img> element:

The <input> Element

The <input> element allows data to be entered by the user; it features some

useful methods of constraining the input via the format attribute, which can mask

the content to ensure that only the input you want is sent to the server See Table 3.15 for a list of attributes for the <input> element

Table 3.15Attributes for the <input> Element

emptyok This is either true or false, and if set to true, the element

will allow the input value to be empty.

format The format attribute allows conditions to be set that

must be met before the data entry will be accepted All other entries will be ignored These options are available:

A Only uppercase, non-numeric characters

a Only lowercase, non-numeric characters

N Only numeric characters

X Any uppercase character

x Any lowercase character

M Any character (the default value)

m Any character but assumed to be lowercase

*f Appearing at the end of the format string, this allows any number of characters and must be pre-ceded by one of the above characters

nf A number of characters (n) may be entered where

f is one of the above formatting characters (other

than *f)

\c Displays the next character (c) in the text field

Useful for formatting phone numbers and so on

maxlength The maximum number of characters that can be entered

into the input field by the user.

name The name of the variable that will be set for the input

element.

size The width of the input field in characters.

tabindex The position in tabbing order.

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type This can be either text or password When password is

specified as the attribute, input is masked This helps to keep private data private from casual onlookers.

value A default value for the input element.

The following is an example of the syntax for the <input> element:

<card>

<p>

Name: <input name="Name" type="text" value="Richard"/><br/>

Favorite Ice-cream: <input name="Ice-cream" type="text">

</p>

</card>

NOTE

The name attribute is required at all times and the emptyok attribute defaults to false if not set to true Do not rely on the size attribute to aid

layout because not all devices support this.

The <meta> Element

The <meta> element provides meta information in the head of a WML deck

as a name and value pair.The <meta> element cannot appear anywhere in the deck other than in the head See Table 3.16 for a list of attributes for the <meta> element

Table 3.15Continued

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Table 3.16Attributes for the <meta> Element

content The value of the property.

forua This is either true or false, and if false, the meta

infor-mation must be removed before the content is sent to the user Conversely, if true, the header information must be sent to the user.

http-equiv This allows an HTTP header to be set as per RFC2068.

name The name of the property.

scheme A structure or form that can be used to interpret the

property value.

The following is an example of the syntax for the <meta> element:

<head>

</head>

The <noop> Element

The <noop> element specifies that no operation should be carried out by the user-agent.Table 3.17 lists the attribute for the <noop> element

Table 3.17Attribute for the <noop> Element

The following is an example of the syntax for the <noop> element:

<noop>Nothing to be done here</noop>

The <onevent> Element

The <onevent> element binds an event to an enclosed task.Table 3.18 lists the attribute for the <onevent> element

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Table 3.18Attribute for the <onevent> Element

type The intended use of the element This attribute is

required.

The following is an example of the syntax for the <onevent> element:

</onevent>

The <optgroup> Element

The <optgroup> element allows the grouping of options hierarchically to pro-vide an indication to the user-agent of how the content should be grouped and rendered See Table 3.19 for a list of attributes for the <optgroup> element

Table 3.19Attributes for the <optgroup> Element

title A short text string that is used to identify the group

and which may be displayed.

The following is an example of the syntax for the <optgroup> element:

</optgroup>

The <option> Element

The <option> element defines an option in a list and occurs within a <select> element See Table 3.20 for a list of attributes for the <option> element

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Table 3.20Attributes for the <option> Element

onpick The URI to navigate to upon selection by the user

title A short text string that is used to identify the option

The following is an example of the syntax for the <option> element:

NOTE

See the <select> element for further examples of option lists.

The <p> Element

Text that appears within the <p> element is designated as a paragraph See Table 3.21 for a list of attributes for the <p> element

Table 3.21Attributes for the <p> Element

align This can be either left (the default), right, or center—

though support for this is varied.

mode This can be either wrap or nowrap and specifies

whether the text within the paragraph should wrap where it is too long to fit on the display screen.

The following is an example of the syntax for the <p> element:

<p>

This is a paragraph of text that will wrap on reaching the edge of the screen and is left aligned by default.

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The <postfield> Element

The <postfield> element specifies a name and value pair that will be sent to the server as part of a URL request.You can use the <postfield> element with the

<go> element (described previously) to provide a variety of options for transmit-ting the information See Table 3.22 for a list of attributes for the <postfield> element

Table 3.22Attributes for the <postfield> Element

The following is an example of the syntax for the <postfield> element:

The <prev> Element

The task element <prev> specifies that navigation should take the user one step back in the history stack.The following is an example of the syntax for the

<prev> element:

<prev/>Back

</anchor>

The <refresh> Element

The <refresh> element specifies a contextual task to be performed by the user-agent See the <setvar> element for more information on using <refresh>

The <select> Element

The <select> element allows the user to make a selection from a list of options (see the <option> element described earlier).Table 3.23 lists the attributes for the

<select> element

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Table 3.23Attributes for the <select> Element

Iname The name of the variable that will be set with the

option value.

ivalue The default selection value.

multiple This is either true or false and signifies whether multiple

options may be selected The default is false.

name The name of the variable to be set.

tabindex This is used to set the tabbing position of the current

element.

title The title of the selection list that may be used to aid

identification of the purpose of the list.

value The value that will be applied to a variable when the

option is selected.

The following is an example of the syntax for the <select> element:

<option value="Strawberry">Strawberry</option>

<option value="Vanilla">Vanilla</option>

<option value="Chocolate">Chocolate</option>

</select>

The <setvar> Element

The <setvar> element is used to set a variable within the user-agent after a task

is executed See Table 3.24 for a list of attributes for the <setvar> element

Table 3.24Attributes for the <setvar> Element

The following is an example of the syntax for the <setvar> element:

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The <small> Element

The <small> element indicates that the user-agent should render the text in a smaller font size than the base font size for the device.Table 3.25 lists the

attribute for the <small> element

Table 3.25Attribute for the <small> Element

The following is an example of the syntax for the <small> element:

This text is a normal size <small>but this text is smaller!</small>

The <strong> Element

The <strong> element indicates that the contained text should be rendered with strong emphasis.Table 3.26 lists the attribute for the <strong> element

Table 3.26Attribute for the <strong> Element

The following is an example of the syntax for the <strong> element:

This text is normal but <strong>this text is strongly

emphasized</strong>.

The <table> Element

The <table> element, along with the <tr> and <td> elements, is used to create columns and rows of text and/or images within a card See Table 3.27 for a list of attributes for the <table> element

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Table 3.27Attributes for the <table> Element

align Specifies how the content should be laid out; Allowable

values are L (left), C (center), and R (right).

columns The number of columns for the row set.

title The title of the selection list that may be used to aid

identification of the purpose of the list.

The following is an example of the syntax for the <table> element:

</table>

The <tr> Element

The <tr> element signifies a table row.The following is an example of the syntax for the <tr> element:

<tr>

</tr>

</table>

The <td> Element

The <td> element signifies a cell that contains the text or image.Table 3.28 lists the attribute for the <td> element

Table 3.28Attribute for the <td> Element

The following is an example of the syntax for the <td> element:

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