Java Programming for absolute beginner- P1 docx

Introduction xixCHAPTER 2 Variables, Data Types, and Simple I/O 25 CHAPTER 3 The Fortune Teller: Random Numbers, Conditionals, and Arrays 55 CHAPTER 4 Using Loops and Exception Handling

Programming

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Programming

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© 2001 by Prima Publishing All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or

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ISBN: 0-7615-3522-5 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2001-091380 Printed in the United States of America

00 01 02 03 04 BB 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Publisher:

Stacy L Hiquet

Managing Editor:

Sandy Doell

Acquisitions Editor:

Melody Layne

Project Editor:

Kezia Endsley

Technical Reviewer:

Michelle Jones

Copy Editor:

Kezia Endsley

Associate Marketing Manager:

Heather Buzzingham

Interior Layout:

William Hartman

Cover Design:

Prima Design Team

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Jenny Davidson

This book is dedicated to Brianne, Tyler, and to the rest of my family, past, present, and future

You all make life on this great big ball of dung worth living.

would like to thank my parents, Joe and Joan, for cheering me on and helping me out with Brianne and Tyler while I was working on this book Thanks also to Brianne and Tyler for keeping me happy while I wasn’t Thanks also to my sister Roseanne, for putting me on the right career path I love all of you

I’d also like to thank Kezia Endsley for doing a great editing job and rewording

my babble so that it actually makes sense

Thanks to Melody Layne for finding me and bringing me in to work in this pro-ject Thanks also to Michelle Jones, Jenny Davidson, and everyone else that was a part of this project

Acknowledgments

I

oseph P Russell is a development programmer for Meditech, a major

medical information systems software and service company, developing software for their client/server financial products He is a Sun certified programmer for the Java 2 platform He is also a contributing writer for

eastcoastgames.com (http://www.eastcoastgames.com) He is a graduate from

Rhode Island College where he majored in computer science He also worked as

a Web developer for their Web site (http://www.ric.edu) It was during his college

years that he acquired a passion for Web development and decided to learn Java and JavaScript After graduating, he worked as a Web developer/programmer for Progressive Systems Technology, a company that provides Progress database con-sulting and develops applications for commercial Internet based companies

In his spare time, he enjoys game programming, painting, and playing his elec-tric bass guitar He is a father of two beautiful children, a girl and a boy, and he

loves being a family man You can visit his home page at http://members home.net/j.p.russell or e-mail him at j.p.russell@home.com.

About the Author

J

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Introduction xix

CHAPTER 2 Variables, Data Types, and Simple I/O 25

CHAPTER 3 The Fortune Teller: Random Numbers,

Conditionals, and Arrays 55

CHAPTER 4 Using Loops and Exception Handling 93

CHAPTER 5 Blackjack: Object-Oriented Programming 121

CHAPTER 6 Creating a GUI Using the Abstract

Windowing Toolkit 171

CHAPTER 7 Advanced GUI: Layout Managers and

CHAPTER 9 The Graphics Class: Drawing Shapes, Images,

CHAPTER 10 Animation, Sounds, and Threads 353

CHAPTER 11 Custom Event Handling and File I/O 377

CHAPTER 12 Creating Your Own Components and Packages 429

Contents at a

Glance

Introduction xix

The Project: the HelloWeb Applet 2

Java Is a Programming Language 4 Java Is Platform Independent 4

Java Is Relatively Easy to Learn 7

Installing and Setting Up the Java SDK 8 Windows (Win32) Installation and Setup 8

Writing Your First Application 11

Back to the HelloWeb Applet! 20

Summary 23

Contents

1

C H A P T E R

Variables, Data Types, and

The Project: the NameGame Application 26

Learning Primitive Data Types 27

Using Character Escape Codes 29

Declaring and Assigning Values to Variables 31

Using the BufferedReader Class 40

Parsing Strings to Numbers 44 The TipCalculator Application 45 Accepting Command-Line Arguments 46 Strings and String Operations 48

Getting Back to the Name Game 49 Summary 53

The Fortune Teller: Random Numbers, Conditionals, and

The Project: the Fortune Teller 56

The NumberMaker Application 57 The java.util.Random Class 58

Controlling the Random Number Range 64 Getting Values Larger Than 1 65

xi

2

C H A P T E R

3

C H A P T E R

The if Statement 67 Conditions and Conditional Operators 68 Using Boolean Logical Operators 71

Nesting if-else Structures 78

Indentation and Syntax Conventions 80

Assigning Values to and Accessing Array Elements 86

Summary 91

Using Loops and Exception

The Project: The NumberGuesser 94

The Increment (++) Operator 97

Using Compound Assignment Operators 100

Making a for Loop Count Backwards 102

Looping on Multidimensional Arrays 106 The MultiplicationArray Program 106

The break and continue Statements 112

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C H A P T E R

Exception Handling 116 Using the try-catch-finally Block 116 Using Exceptions to Screen User Input 117 Back to the NumberGuesser Program 118 Summary 120

Blackjack: Object-Oriented

The Project: the BlackJack Application 122 Understanding Object-Oriented Concepts 123

Understanding Static Methods 140 Defining Constructor Methods 141 Learning another Keyword: this 143 Understanding Access Modifiers 144 Field and Method Access Modifiers 144 Encapsulation 146 The Card and CardDeck Classes 148

Writing the CardDeck Class 151

Polymorphism 158

The play() Method: BlackJack Driver 167

xiii

5

C H A P T E R

Creating a GUI Using the

The Project: MadLib Program 172

Components 173 Events 177 Graphics 177

The UselessFrame Application 178 Learning about Containers 180 Using the WindowListener Interface 180

Using the CheckboxGroup Class 200

Back to the MadLib Game Application 214 Creating the MadDialog Component 214 Telling the Story: Creating the MadLib Game Frame 218 Summary 219

Advanced GUI: Layout Managers and Event

The Project: the AdvancedMadLib Application 222

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t C H A P T E R6

7

C H A P T E R

Using GridBagLayout 229 Creating the GUIFrame Class 237

Using Inner Adapter Classes 246

Knowing the Source of an Event 248 More ActionEvent Handling 252

Handling AdjustmentEvents 259

Getting Back to the AdvancedMadLib Application 268 Creating the MadInputPanel Class 269 Creating the AdvancedMadLib Application 272 Summary 275

The Project: QuizShow Applet 278

Knowing the Difference between Applets and Applications 279

Including an Applet in a Web Page 283 The <applet> HTML Tag 284 Passing Parameters to Applets 284 Using Frames with Applets 288

Learning Applet Methods: init(), start(), stop(),

Writing Java Programs that Can Run as Applets or Applications 294

xv

8

C H A P T E R

Using Sounds and Images 301

Loading and Displaying Images 304 Back to the QuizShowApplet Applet 306 Summary 311

The Graphics Class: Drawing

Getting Back to the Memory Game 344 Creating the MemoryCell Class 344 Creating the Memory Class 348 Summary 351

Animation, Sounds, and

The Project: ShootingRange Game 354 Threading 354 Extending the Thread Class 356 Implementing the Runnable Interface 358 Problems Associated with Multithreading 359

Using wait(), notify(), and notifyAll() 361

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C H A P T E R

10C H A P T E R

Performing Animation 363 The Sprite Class 363 Testing the Sprite Class 365 Double Buffering 367 Playing Sound from Applications 369 Back to the ShootingRange Game 370 Summary 376

Custom Event Handling and

The Project: The Block Game 378 Building the Block Class 378 Representing the Block’s Area and Shape 379 Including Useful Block Methods 380 Creating the BlockGrid Class 384 Representing the Block’s Area 385 BlockGrid Methods 386 Painting the Picture 389 Building the PlayArea Event Model 395 Building Your Own Event Model 395 The PlayAreaEvent Class 397 The PlayAreaListener Interface 397 Registering PlayAreaListeners 398 Firing PlayAreaEvents 398 Creating the PlayArea Class 399

Accepting User Input for Block Movements 401 Making Blocks Fall 404 The EventThread Inner Class 407 Putting it All Together 409 Creating the ScoreInfoPanel Class 415 Reading and Writing Files 416

Creating the Block Game Application 423 Summary 427

11C H A P T E R

Creating Your Own

Creating Lightweight Components 431

Creating Your Own Lightweight Components 432 Preparing to Create the jpr.lightweight Package 434

Creating the jpr.lightweight Package 438 Creating the JPRComponent3D Class 438 Creating the JPRRectComponent3D Class 444 Creating the JPRButton3D Class 448 Generating the Documentation for jpr.lightweight 451 Testing the JPRButton3D Class 453 Building the MineCell Classes 455

The MineCellListener Interface 456

Testing the MineCell Class 462 Creating the Mine Field Classes 464

The MineFieldListener Interface 465

Creating the MinePatrol Application 474 Summary 476

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A P P E N D I X

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A P P E N D I X

12C H A P T E R

ello and welcome to Java Programming for the Absolute Beginner You

prob-ably already have a good understanding of how to use your computer These days it’s hard to find someone who doesn’t, given the importance

of computers in today’s world Learning to control your computer inti-mately is what will separate you from the pack! By reading this book, you learn how to accomplish just that through the magic of programming

There is a world of difference between using a computer and controlling its oper-ations When I was a kid, I didn’t merely play with my toys I found more enjoy-ment in taking them apart to see how they worked from the inside out Similarly, when I started playing computer games in elementary school, I wasn’t happy with just playing them Sure, the games were fun, but I wanted to see how they worked

I found the source code to one of the games we were allowed to play in the school library, so I changed a few things Needless to say, the game no longer worked and

I was banned from using the computer, but my interest in programming was sparked that very day

This book thoroughly covers basic programming concepts using the Java pro-gramming language You apply these concepts through propro-gramming games that are not only challenging and rewarding to create, but are fun to play! In addition, you can apply your knowledge to change the game programs to work the way you want them to, just as I did when I started programming Even better than that, you can program your own games from the ground up

Java has infinitely more uses in the real world than game development The pur-pose of this book is not to teach game development I use game programs as fun examples that demonstrate programming concepts that you can apply to any kind of Java programming solution

Many companies use Java because of its platform independence Another use of Java

is to create applets for Internet solutions Internet companies, such as online stores, can use Java to create user interfaces that online shoppers can use to pur-chase their goods They can also use server-side Java programs to keep their

data-Introduction

H