Writing task 1 sample answers and exercises (Introductory sentence) The line graph compares the spending on five research fields by the US government from 1980 to 2008. Overall, the spending on all kinds of research increased over the period. (Detail paragraph 1) As can be seen from the graph, approximately 8 billion dollars was spent on health studies in 1980 then dipped to around 6 billion dollars before the peak at about 21 billion dollars in 2004. Followed by a slight drop of 1.5 billion dollars in the following 4 years. By contrast, with only 2.5 million dollars from 1980 to 1994, General Science was the least spending in the US throughout the years. Since then, General Science observed a steady growth and double in 2000 to have one more billion dollars till 2008. (Detail paragraph 2) Space, Energy and other fields varied considerably over the given period. Prior to 8 billion dollars in 1997, the amount of funding allocated for Energy studies hovered around 5 billion dollars from 1980 till 1991, and then plummeted to the beginning. Thereafter, this figure grew at 2 million dollars which amounted to 7.5 billion dollars in the 2008. Witness the similar pattern, Space had 9 billion dollars in the last year, 2 million dollars higher than other fields.
Trang 1Task 1 Writing PDF
by Dave Lang
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Inside this Book
About the Author Question 1 - Line chart ure
Question 2 - Bar chart Question 3 - Bar chart Question 4 - Table Question 5 - Pie chart Question 6 - Map
Question 7 - Bar chart (fixed time) Top tips for Overviews
Trang 3About the Author 1
Hi, I’m Dave! You can email me at Dave@howtodoIELTS.com if you have questions!
I want to explain very clearly why there’s no one better to help you learn about IELTS and improve your English
at the same time.
I’ve been working in various countries including Vietnam, Germany, Thailand, Korea, and the United States for
more than a decade - mainly at British Council as a teacher, IELTS examiner and trainer My qualifications
include a BA in English Literature from Bard in New York, a CELTA, CELTA-YL and DELTA - the highest English
teaching qualification.
The main difference between myself and other websites is that I am both very well versed in IELTS (from
working as an examiner and a trainer for the department) as well as English in general Combined with all my
years of experience, I know exactly what students need and the best ways to give it to them.
I have hand-made every lesson and material I give you My lessons are only available here - no other school
has my materials!
Most other websites will delegate their tasks to other employees I just have a couple of assistants that I have
personally trained to help out - but every video, worksheet, material, etc is made and edited by me first and
foremost.
Trang 4The main problem for all students with IELTS is their language ability IELTS is a language test.
If your language ability is good and you learn some basic test strategy you will get a good score.
If your ability is not good, then all the test strategy in the world cannot help you Just like a sport: you can’t just watch YouTube highlights and expect to be good You must actively practice and improve.
That’s why my lessons focus on test strategy as well as improving your English - so that you get the balance you need It also makes studying IELTS more interesting and fun!
Most lessons include all 4 skills but I focus on speaking (and pronunciation especially) and writing (ideas and examples, especially) because those are the biggest challenges for students in my experience.
There is a wide range of skills covered If you have problems with grammar or particular sounds in English or thinking of main ideas - I cover everything.
I personally guarantee that if you work hard, study the lessons well, and do the workbooks you will improve your English and your IELTS ability far faster than through any other courses!
Dream big - you can achieve your score!
Regards,
Dave
Trang 51.1 Student model answer
(Introductory sentence) The line graph compares the spending on
five research fields by the US government from 1980 to 2008 Overall, the spending on all kinds of research increased over the period
(Detail paragraph 1) As can be seen from the graph, approximately
8 billion dollars was spent on health studies in 1980 then dipped to around 6 billion dollars before the peak at about 21 billion dollars in
2004 Followed by a slight drop of 1.5 billion dollars in the following
4 years By contrast, with only 2.5 million dollars from 1980 to 1994, General Science was the least spending in the US throughout the years Since then, General Science observed a steady growth and double in 2000 to have one more billion dollars till 2008
(Detail paragraph 2) Space, Energy and other fields varied
considerably over the given period Prior to 8 billion dollars in 1997, the amount of funding allocated for Energy studies hovered around
5 billion dollars from 1980 till 1991, and then plummeted to the beginning Thereafter, this figure grew at 2 million dollars which amounted to 7.5 billion dollars in the 2008 Witness the similar pattern, Space had 9 billion dollars in the last year, 2 million dollars higher than other fields
Question 1: US Research Expenditure (changes over time) 2
The graph below gives information about U.S government
spending on research between 1980 and 2008 Summarize the
information by selecting and reporting the main features, and
make comparisons where relevant
Trang 61.2 Expert model answer
1 The line graph compares the expenditure, measured in billions of
dollars, spent on different research fields by the US government from
1980 to 2008 2 Overall, the spending on all kinds of research, except
for other areas, increased marginally over the period, and health
received not only the most funding throughout but also had the largest
increase
3 For the overall leader health, approximately 8 billion dollars was
disbursed in 1980 4 This investment dipped to around 6 billion dollars
before rising to a peak of about 21 billion dollars in 2004, followed by a
slight drop in the final four years of the period 5 In contrast, General
Science was the least prioritized field of research in the US throughout
the recorded period receiving an unchanged amount of only 2.5 million
dollars from 1980 to 1994, followed by a steady growth that doubled
investment to 6 million dollars in 2008
6 Governmental expenses on Space, Energy and other fields fluctuated
over the given period 7 The amount allocated for Energy studies
reached a peak at around 8 billion dollars in 1997, before fluctuating and
ending up at 7 billion 8 Space witnessed a similar upward pattern with fluctuations, finally settling at 9 billion dollars 9 Other was the
only remaining field and though it was erratic throughout the period
by the end, investment was largely unchanged at around 6 billion dollars
1.3 Expert model answer (analysis of structure)
1 (Introduction) - Paraphrase what the graph shows.
2 (Overview) - Summarize the main trends and compare them to
each other
3-5 (Detail) – Describe in detail the highest and lowest categories.
6-9 (Detail) – Describe in detail the other groups of data.
Trang 7investment to 6 million dollars in 2008.
6 Governmental expenses on Space, Energy and other fields
over the given period 7 The amount for
Energy studies a peak at around 8 billion dollars in 1997,
before and up at 7 billion 8 Space
a similar upward pattern with fluctuations, finally
at 9 billion dollars 9 Other was the only remaining field and
though it was erratic throughout the period, by the end investment was largely unchanged at around 6 billion dollars
1.4 Expert model answer (focus on verbs)
Complete the model answer with missing verbs, using the correct
form
1 The line graph the expenditure, in
billions of dollars, on different research fields by the
US government from 1980 to 2008 2 Overall, the spending on all
kinds of research, except for other areas, marginally
over the period, and health not only the most
funding throughout but also had the largest increase
3 For the overall leader health, approximately 8 billion dollars
was in 1980 4 This investment to
around 6 billion dollars before to a peak of about 21
billion dollars in 2004, by a slight drop in the final
four years of the period 5 In contrast, General Science was the
least prioritized field of research in the US throughout the
recorded period an unchanged amount of only 2.5
million dollars from 1980 to 1994, by a steady
growth that
Trang 82.1 Student model answer
(Introduction) The bar chart compares film in five different countries in
three years 2007, 2008 and 2009 (Overview) It is obvious that whereas
countries A and D observed a slight decline in film production, a considerable growth in the figure of country C and a marginal rise in B and E were recorded during the period shown
(Detail paragraph 1) A created approximately 87 movies and this figure
remained unchanged the next year before decreasing to 80 in 2009 On the contrary, a reverse trend witnessed in B’s film production Only manufacture 50 movies in 2007, B produced 3 more films in the next year and rose about 17 films in 2009
(Detail paragraph 2) With substantially lower production, countries C, D,
and E made less than 20 movies .Specifically, about 8 films manufactured in C in the first year, then reaching 18 in 2009 Likewise,
an increase of 4 films from 9 to 13 was in country E By contrast, country
D was with 9 movies 2008 because overall downward trend to 14 movies
in 2009
The chart below shows the number of films produced by five countries
in three years Summarise the information by selecting and repairing
the main features, and make comparisons where relevant
Trang 9contrast, country D was the least productive in 2008 with around 9 movies, despite remaining largely steady at around 14 movies in both
2007 and 2009
2.3 Expert model answer (focus on overview)
1 Complete the notes for your overview
a _ year period
b Country made the most films
c Country made the 2nd most films
d Countries didn’t make many films
e Country _ had the biggest increase
f Country _ had a small decrease
g Countries had small increases
2 Now use your notes to write an overview Try to combine the information into a maximum of two or three sentences
2.2 Expert model answer
The bar chart compares film production in five different countries in
three years 2007, 2008 and 2009 Overall, country A produced the
most films during the given three-year period followed by country B,
while the film industry was not as strong in countries C, D, and E
The largest increase was in country B while country A experienced
a small decrease and there were minimal rises in the other nations
Leading the chart, in 2007, country A yielded approximately 87
movies and this figure remained unchanged the next year before
decreasing to 80 in 2009 On the contrary, a reverse trend was
witnessed in B’s film production Only manufacturing 50 movies in
2007, B produced 3 more films the next year and experienced the
most significant rise to about 17 films in 2009
With substantially lower production capability, countries C, D, and E
were home to less than 20 movies Specifically, about 8 films were
manufactured in C in the first year, then this figure increased
twofold prior to reaching 18 in 2009 Likewise, an increase of 4 films
from 9 to 13 was recorded in film industry in country E By
Trang 103.1 Student model answer
The given bar charts compare the percentage of men and women get married in 1998 and 2008 In general, the proportion of married individuals of both genders experienced a slight decrease and a noticeable increase in the given decade Men got married older than women
According to the chart, there was a minor decline in women getting married under the age of 24, especially the percentage of early 20-year-old females was half in 2008 compared to 1998 Noticeably, no males got married during 16 to 19 years old The rate of 25-29-year-old women married to their husband unchanged at approximately 11.5% over
a 10–year period, while men’s figure observed a slight drop at 8% in 2008
With regard to older groups, a substantial rise witnessed in 30-37 years old married people in both genders which accounted for 8% females and 11% males in 2008, in comparison with 7% and 9% respectively in 1998
For people aged above 35, the proportion of married men surged substantially to 9% and nearly 7%, resulting in twofold figures of women over 35 years old
The charts below give information on the ages of people when they got
married in one particular country in 1996 and 2008 Summarise the
information by selecting and repairing the main features, and make
comparisons where relevant.
Trang 11with 7% and 9%, respectively in 1996 Men and women in the 35 – 39 and 40 – 44 age group both got married later in life in 2008, with males especially rising nearly 2 percentage points over the period The only exception to this is a slight decline to 2% in the number of females aged 40-44 marrying.
3.3 Expert model answer (analysis of structure)
1 (Introduction) - Paraphrase what the graph shows.
2 (Overview) - Summarize the main trends and compare them to each
other
3-5 (Detail) – Describe in detail the change in younger age groups.
6-9 (Detail) – Describe in detail the change in older age groups.
3.2 Expert model answer
The given bar charts compare the changes in the percentages of men
and women married in 1996 and 2008 Looking from an overall
perspective, it is readily apparent that in both 1996 and 2008 women
tended to get married younger while men got married at an older age,
with the most common marriages being between 25 and 34 years old
The biggest change that occurred was that in 2008 more members of
both sexes got married later in life
From 1996 to 2008 there was a decline in the percentage of women
getting married under the age of 24 The percentage of early
20-year-old married females was half in 2008 what it was in 1996 No
males married under age of 20 and the percentage of males aged 20 -
24 decreased nominally An unchanged proportion (approximately
11.5%) of young female adults got married when they were 25 – 29
years old, while men’s figures observed a slight drop to 8% in 2008
In regards to the older age groups, there was a substantial rise in the
proportion of 30-34 year old married people in both genders which
accounted for 8% for females and 11% for males in 2008, compared
Trang 12Question 3: Marriage age by group (two time periods) 9
In regards to the _ age groups, there was a _ rise in the proportion of 30-34 year old _ people in both genders which accounted for 8% for females and 11% for males in 2008, compared with 7% and 9%, respectively in 1996 Men and women in the
35 – 39 and 40 – 44 age group both got married later in life in 2008, with males especially rising nearly 2 percentage points over the period The only exception to this is a _ decline to 2% in the number of females aged 40-44 marrying
3.4 Expert model answer (focus on adjectives)
Complete the model answer with missing adjectives.
The _ bar charts compare the changes in the percentages
of men and women married in 1996 and 2008 Looking from an
_ perspective, it is readily _ that in both 1996 and
2008 women tended to get married _ while men got married
at an _ older age, with the most _ marriages
being between 25 and 34 years old The _ change that
occurred was that in 2008 more members of both sexes got married
later in life
From 1996 to 2008 there was a decline in the percentage of women
getting married under the age of 24 The percentage of early
20-year-old _ females was half in 2008 what it was in 1996
No males married under age of 20 and the percentage of males aged
20 - 24 decreased nominally An _ proportion
(approximately 11.5%) of _ female adults got married when
they were 25 – 29 years old, while men’s figures observed a
_ drop to 8% in 2008
Trang 13Question 4: Population of Australia & Malaysia (two time periods) 10
4.1 Student model answer
The table compares six population information of Australia and Malaysia in the years 1980 and 2002 Overall, the population size in both countries increased considerably over the period The two countries saw differences in the rates of birth, average annual growth and aging population
After 22 years, the total population in both countries witnessed a substantially growth The figure for Malaysia nearly doubling its previous data, reaching 24.3 million While the percentage of men and women of Australia remained steadily during the period, there was a slight growth by 0.3% in Malaysian male population
The two nations experienced a downward trend in birth rates in 2002 Their older population, by contrast, increased Between 1980 and
2002, Australia had an extra 2.8% of the elderly while Malaysia rise by 0.6% Average population growth rate grew by 0.1% in Australia yet fall
by 1% for the other nation
The table below gives information about populations in Australia and
Malaysia in 1980 and 2002 Summarise the information by selecting
and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where