Assignment 1 Cloud computing PASS

bao quát kiến thức căn bản và thảo luận về dự án làm web bán hàng cho công ty ATN Trends in cloud computing are spreading across the globe. Although there are many distinct cloud computing models, all of them aim to engage and progress each company strategy in line with the rapidly changing state of technology. In the study I just gave you, I gave you an overview of cloud computing, along with its definition, traits, standout features, and advantages for both businesses and society. We have developed a strategy, a case, and justifications for choosing cloud computing over conventional methods of data management based on the particular circumstance.

ASSIGNMENT 1

Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing

Unit number and title Unit 16: Cloud computing

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Table of Contents

Introduction 5 P1 Analyse the evolution and fundamental concepts of Cloud Computing. 5

1.Overview cloud computing: _5

2 Client-server: 5

3 Peer-to-peer: 8

4 High Performance Computing: _10

5 Deployment Models _13 17

P2 Design an appropriate architectural Cloud Computing framework for a given scenario. _18

1 ATN problems: 18

2 ATN Cloud Architecture _19

P3 Define an appropriate deployment model for a given scenario. _21 P4 Compare the service models for choosing an adequate model for a given scenario. _22

1 Cloud Service Models 22

2 Choose the service for ATN company 25

Table of Figures:

Figure 1: Client - Server Relationship. 5 Figure 2: P2P model 8 Figure 3: P2P example 9 Figure 4: HPC parallel _10 Figure 5: HPC cluster 11 Figure 6: HPC distributed _12 Figure 7: Public Deployment 13 Figure 8: Private cloud _14 Figure 9: Community Cloud _15 Figure 10: Hybrid cloud 16 Figure 11: Cloud services consumers are sending request to a cloud service(1) The automated scaling listener monitor the cloud service to determine if predefined capacity thresholds re being exceeded (2) _19 Figure 12: IaaS _22 Figure 13: PaaSs _23 Figure 14: Software as a Service _24

P1 Analyse the evolution and fundamental concepts of Cloud Computing.

1.Overview cloud computing:

Cloud computing is a paradigm that enables users to use computer system resources on-demand, such as data storage and computational power, without actively managing the underlying infrastructure Cloud computing is defined as a collection of networked pieces that deliver services, forming an amorphous

"cloud" that user can access without addressing or maintaining individual components

This means that a computational resource or infrastructure, such as server hardware, storage, networking,

or application software, is available from your cloud provider or website/facility The provider is

accessible via the Internet from any remote place and from any local computing equipment Furthermore, usage or accessibility is limited to customers' requirements and desires, commonly known as the pay-as-you-go or pay-per-use model

2 Client-server:

Figure 1: Client - Server Relationship.

In the client/server model, all end systems are divided into clients and servers each designed for specific purposes

2.1 Client

The client takes an active role and initiates the communication session by sending a request to the server

At this point, the client must have knowledge of the available servers and the services they provide However, the client can only communicate with the server; they cannot see each other

Clients are devices/programs that request services from servers Clients can be distinguished according tothe functionality they provide and the amount of processing load they carry

There are 2 types of client:

Fat client

Fat clients are devices/programs that are powerful enough and operate with limited dependence on their server counterparts

Fat clients as devices – a user workstation that is powerful and fully-featured in its own right

 For example, a desktop PC, a laptop, a netbook

Fat clients as programs – a client carries a relatively large the proportion of the processing load

 For example, the Lineage II gaming client (more than 2 GB in size)

 For example, Sun Ray thin clients in Lintula, room TC215 (Moltchanov, 2013)

Thin clients as programs – a client mainly provides a user interface, while the bulk of processing occurs in the server

 For example, the OnLive gaming client (about 10 MB in size) (Moltchanov, 2013)

2.2 Server

Servers have a passive role and respond to their clients by acting on each request and returning results

One server generally supports numerous clients

The purpose of servers is to provide some predefined services for clients

There are 2 types of servers:

Iterative server

qIterative design is quite simple and is most suitable for short-duration services that exhibit

relatively little variation in their execution time

It means if the time to handle a client can be long, the waiting time experienced by subsequent clients may be unacceptable

Examples of Internet services deployed as repeat servers like echo (RFC 862) and daytime (RFC 867)Iterative servers iterate through the following steps:

- Step 1: Wait for a client request to arrive

- Step 2: Process the request and send the response back to the client

- Step 3: Go back to Step 1

So, iterative servers handle clients sequentially, finishing with one client before servicing the next

Concurrent server

Although concurrent design is more difficult, it produces better results When the rate at which requests are processed is lower than the rate at which requests arrive at the server, responsiveness may be improved and latency can be decreased Concurrent servers are frequently used to implement internet services like HTTP, telnet, and FTP

The following tasks are carried out by concurrent servers:

- Step 1: Wait for a client request to come in

- Step 2: Handle the request using a new process, task, or thread

- Step 3: Return to Step 1

Concurrent servers respond to client requests in parallel as a result

2

3 Relation between Client and Server

Below are some of the characteristics to distinguish between client and server

Hardware role: The terms "client" and "server" generally refer to the key roles performed by networked

hardware

A "client" is usually something like a PC used by an individual and essentially initiates the

conversation by sending a request

A "server" is usually a powerful machine dedicated to responding to customer requests, sitting in a

server room somewhere that no one other than its administrator has ever seen

Software roles: TCP/IP uses different pieces of software for many protocols to implement “client” and

“server” roles

Client software is usually found on client hardware and server software on server hardware, but notalways

Some devices may run both client and server software

Web clients: Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Google Chrome,

For example, “Web Statistics” by W3Schools

Web servers: Apache, Microsoft IIS, GWS,

For example, “Web Server Survey” by Netcraft Ltd

Transaction role: During communication processes, the customer is the entity that initiates the

communication or sends a query; The server responds, often providing information Usually, the clientsoftware on the client will initiate a transaction, but this does not always happen

For example, when two SMTP servers communicate for email exchange, both are server programsrunning

on the server hardware However, in the process of exchanging information one device acts as a client,while

the other acts as a server

3 Peer-to-peer:

Peer-to-peer (P2P) refers to a decentralized network architecture in which interconnected nodes, known aspeers, share resources directly with each other without the need for a centralized administrative system In

a P2P network, peers have equal privileges and can both consume and supply resources to other

participants in the network This stands in contrast to the traditional client-server model, where resource consumption and supply are divided between clients and servers

P2P computing has been used in a variety of application domains, but it achieved major popularity

through file-sharing systems such as Napster, which was first published in 1999 Millions of Internet userswere able to connect immediately, join groups, and contribute on the creation of user-created search engines, virtual supercomputers, and file systems thanks to Napster

Figure 2: P2P model

Advantage

- Improved scalability and reliability Lack of centralized control

- No need for a dedicated application and database server

Disadvantage

- Lack of centralized control

- Computers that have shared resources may suffer sluggish performance

- Low securit

P2P example:

Filesharing is the exchange of media and software files between uploaders and downloaders Filesharing services, in addition to peer-to-peer networking, can provide scanning and security for shared files They may also give users with the option to bypass intellectual property rights in an anonymous manner, or theymay enable intellectual property enforcement

Figure 3: P2P example

approaches HPC technologies include the tools and systems needed to implement and design performance computing systems.

high-4.1.1 Parallel

Parallel computing is another aspect of HPC A group of processors collaborate to solve a computing issue These processor devices, often known as CPUs, are generally of the homogeneous variety As a result, this definition is the same as HPC and is broad enough to cover supercomputers with hundreds or thousands of processors linked to other resources

Figure 4: HPC parallel

The way applications are executed distinguishes ordinary computers from parallel computers Because several processor machines are used concurrently in parallel computing, the following rules apply:

 It uses several processors (many CPUs) to run

 A issue is divided into discrete components that can be tackled at the same time

 Each section is further divided into a set of instructions

 Instructions from each section are executed on separate processors at the same time

 A centralized control/coordination system is used

4.1.2 Cluster

An HPC cluster is a collection of several distinct servers (computers) known as nodes that are linkedtogether via a fast connection There may be several sorts of nodes for various types of jobs

Every HPC cluster listed on this site has:

- A headnote, also known as a login node, where users log in - a specialized data transport node

- Normal compute nodes (where the majority of calculations are performed)

- "Fat" compute nodes with at least 1TB of RAM

- GPU nodes (computations on these nodes can be executed on both CPU cores and a GraphicalProcessing Unit)

- An InfiniBand switch that connects all of the nodes

Figure 5: HPC cluster

All cluster nodes are equipped with the same components as a laptop or desktop computer, including CPUcores, RAM, and disk space The amount, quality, and power of the components distinguishes a personal computer from a cluster node

The SSH application is used by users to connect to the cluster headnode from their PCs

4.1.3 Distributed:

Distributed computing is also a computing system composed of several computers or processing units linked by a network, which might be homogeneous or heterogeneous yet operates as a single system.The CPUs in a distributed system can be physically near together and connected to a local network, or geographically dispersed and connected to a wide area network In a distributed framework, any number

of possible configurations on processing devices such as mainframes, PCs, workstations, and

minicomputers facilitate heterogeneity The goal of distributed computing is to make such a network function as if it were a single computer

5 Deployment Models

A cloud deployment model denotes a certain sort of cloud environment, defined largely by ownership, scale, and access

The following are the four most prevalent cloud deployment models:

• The public cloud

• The community cloud

According to NIST, the public cloud is cloud infrastructure that is available for open usage by the general public It might be owned, controlled, and operated by a commercial, academic, or government body, or some mix of these It is present on the cloud provider's premises

Figure 7: Public Deployment

There are several advantages and disadvantages of a public cloud

Advantage:

- There is no need for maintaining the cloud

- There is no limit for the number of users

- There is no need of establishing infrastructure for setting up a cloud

- They are comparatively less costly than other cloud models

- The public cloud is highly scalable

- Low security

- Privacy and organizational autonomy are not possible

In reality, public cloud is frequently used in small businesses and systems As provided above about some advantages of using Public Deployment, the scalability and the requirements for maintenance is the main points which make thing more flexible when using this kind of deployment Furthermore, the low cost also very important that’s efficient in small businesses

5.2 Private Deployment:

The public cloud deployment paradigm is diametrically opposed to the private cloud deployment model It

is a one-on-one situation for a single user (client) It is not necessary to share your hardware with anyone The contrast between private and public clouds is in how all of the hardware is handled It is sometimes referred to as the "internal cloud" and refers to the capacity to access systems and services within a certainborder or business The cloud platform is deployed in a secure cloud environment secured by robust firewalls and overseen by an organization's IT staff The private cloud provides greater control over cloud resources

Figure 8: Private cloud

The advantages of the Private Cloud Model

- Improved control: You are the property's single owner You obtain total control over service integration,

IT operations, rules, and user behavior

- Data Security and Privacy: It is appropriate for keeping company information that only authorizedpersonnel have access to Improved access and security can be obtained by segmenting resources withinthe same infrastructure

- Compatibility with legacy systems: This method is intended for use with legacy systems that cannotconnect to the public cloud

- Customization: Unlike a public cloud deployment, a private cloud enables a firm to adapt its solution tomatch its unique requirements

Disadvantages of the Private Cloud Model

-Less scalable: Private clouds are scaled within a certain range as there is less number of clients.-Costly: Private clouds are more costly as they provide personalized facilities