Iec ts 61189 3 301 2016

IEC TS 61 1 89 3 301 Edition 1 0 201 6 07 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION Test methods for electrical materials, printed boards and other interconnection structures and assemblies – Part 3 301 Test methods fo[.]

IEC TS 611 89- 3- 301

Edit io 1.0 2 16-0

Test met hods for electrical mat erials, printed boards and other int erconnect ion

st ruct ures and assembl es –

Part 3- 301: Test met hods for int erconnect ion struct ures (print ed boards) –

Appearance inspection met hod for plat ed sur aces on PW B

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IEC TS 61 1 89- 3- 301

Edit io 1.0 2 16-0

Test methods for electrical mat erials, printed boards and ot her int erconnect ion

struct ures and assembl es –

Part 3- 301: Test met hods for int erconnect ion st ructures (printed boards) –

A ppearance inspect ion met hod for plat ed sur aces on PW B

INT R NATIONAL

ELECTR OT C NICAL

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W arnin ! Ma e s re th t you o tain d this publ c tion from a a thorize distributor

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CONTENTS

FOREWORD 3

1 Sco e 5

2 Normative ref eren es 5

3 Terms an def i ition 5

4 Test sp cimen 5

5 Eq ipment / a p ratu 5

5.1 Evaluation of lu tre non-u if ormity 5

5.2 Evaluation of colour non-u if ormity 6

6 Proced re 6

6.1 Outlne of the method 6

6.2 Sp cimen pre aration 6

6.3 Imagin of s rf ace rou h es /c romaticity distribution 6

6.4 Binarization of images 6

6.5 Extraction of f eature q antities 7

6.6 Derivation of dis riminant f un tion 7

6.7 Sy tem registration 7

7 Re ort 8

8 Ad itional inf ormation 8

An ex A (informative) Example of eq ipment an tested res lt for lu tre non -u if ormity 9

A.1 Eq ipment for lu tre non-u iformity in p ction 9

A.2 Tested res lt 9

A.2.1 Surf ace rou h es image 9

A.2.2 Binarized image an feature extraction 1

A.2.3 Freq en y analy is of f eature q antities 12 A.2.4 Final estimate 12 An ex B (informative) Example of tested res lt for colour non-u iformity in p ction 13 B.1 Image analy is of colour non-u iformity 13 B.2 Fe ture extraction an dis riminant analy is 14 Bibl ogra h 16 Fig re 1 – Flow c art of the test proced re 6

Fig re A.1 – Eq ipment prototyp 9

Fig re A.2 – Images of gold-platin of non-defective an defective prod cts 10 Fig re A.3 – Images of S- an P-p larized comp nents, an Ψ’ for gold-platin with lu tre non-u if ormity 1

Fig re A.4 – Image examples of gold-platin with lu tre non-u if ormity 11

Fig re A.5 – Example of f req en y analy is of f eature q antity 12

Fig re A.6 – Example of the fi al estimate of the q al ty of gold-platin 12

Fig re B.1 – Images of gold-platin p d 13

Fig re B.2 – Images of colour distribution 14

Fig re B.3 – Freq en y analy is example of a f eature q antity 14

Fig re B.4 – Example of the dis riminant analy is res lt 15

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

Part 3-301: Test methods f or interconnection structures (printed boards) –

Appearance inspection method f or plated surf aces on PWB

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IEC TS 61 8 -3-3 1, whic is a tec nical sp cifi ation, has b en pre ared by IEC tec nical

commit e 91: Electronic as embly tec nolog

The text of this tec nical sp cif i ation is b sed on the folowin doc ments:

En uiry draft Re ort o v tin

Ful information on the votin for the a proval of this tec nical sp cif i ation can b fou d in

the re ort on votin in icated in the ab ve ta le

This publcation has b en draf ted in ac ordan e with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2

A l st of al p rts in the IEC 61 8 series, publs ed u der the general title Te t meth ds for

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related to the sp cifi publ cation At this date, the publ cation wi be

• tran formed into an International stan ard,

• with rawn,

• re laced by a revised edition, or

A bi n ual version of this publ cation may b is ued at a later date

IMPORTANT – Th 'colour in ide' logo on the cov r pa e of this publ c tion indic te

understa ding of its conte ts Us rs s ould therefore print this doc me t usin a

colour printer

TEST METHODS FOR ELECTRICAL MATERIALS, PRINTED BOARDS AND

Part 3-301: Test methods f or interconnection structures (printed boards) –

Appearance inspection method f or plated surf aces on PWB

This p rt of IEC 61 8 outlnes a way to determine the a p aran e non-u if ormity of b th the

lu tre an colour on plated metal s rf aces in printed wirin b ard (PWBs) The method is

a pl ca le to gold, nic el an co p r platin in PWBs

There are no normative ref eren es in this doc ment

3 Terms and def initions

For the purp ses of this doc ment, the fol owin terms an def i ition a ply

ISO an IEC maintain terminological data ases for u e in stan ardization at the f olowin

• IEC Electro edia: avai a le at ht p:/ www.electro edia.org/

• ISO Onl ne browsin platf orm: avai a le at htp:/ www.iso.org/o p

3.1

lustre non-unif ormity

a normal rou h es distribution in plated s rf aces le din to ir eg lar brig tnes of ref lected

l g t

3.2

colour non-uniformity

ir eg lar reflection sp ctrum

Note 1 to e try: Colo r n n-u if ormity is c u e b oth r influ n e th n ro g n s c a g , s c a a n rmal

c mp n nts, a h sio of foreig mater a d o id tio in plate s ra e

4 Test specimens

4.1 Sp cimen dimen ion an f orms s ould b in ac ordan e with the test s stem

4.2 Sp cimen of non-defective an of defective prod cts, of several ten to one h n red,

at le st of ten, are req ired as te c er data f or e c series of evaluation

5 Equipment / apparatus

5.1 Ev luation of lu tre non-unif ormity

For the evaluation of the lu tre non-u if ormity, a test s stem ca a le of me s rin the

s rf ace rou h es distribution s ould b u ed As f or an o tical method, CCD (c arg

e-coupled device), or CMOS (complementary metal oxide semicon u tor) camera s stems, or

as f or a mec anical method, stylu typ tester s al b u ed, resp ctively

5.2 Ev luation of colour non-uniformity

For the evaluation of the colour non-u iformity, an o tical s stem ca a le of me s rin the

c romaticity distribution s al b u ed

6.1 Outl ne of the method

The method is outlned by the f low c art in Fig re 1

Th n mb rs in ic te th s b la s refere c s

Figure 1 – Flow c art of the te t proc dure

In this method, the proced res of the evaluation of lu tre non-u if ormity an colour non

-u if ormity are b sical y the same

6.2 Spe ime preparation

Req irements for sp cimen are sp cif ied in Clau e 4

6.3 Ima ing of s rf ac rough e s/c romaticity distribution

Ac uire the images of s rf ace rou h es f or the lu tre non-u iformity, an /or of c romaticity

distribution f or the colour non-u if ormity, by the a p ratu / eq ipment mentioned in Clau e 5

6.4 Binarization of ima e

Obtain the binary images by the thres old proces in The region givin values sig if i antly

deviatin from the average value of the whole image con erned is cou ted to b 1 (white

pixels) as a normal, an the others to b 0 (blac pixels) as normal

IEC

6.2 Sp cime pre aratio

6.3 Ima in of s r a e ro g n s /

c romaticity distrib tio

6.4 Bin rizin of ima e

6.5 Extra tio of fe ture q a titie

6.6 Deriv tio of dis rimin nt fu ctio

6.7 Sy tem re istratio

The thres old setin s ould b agre d up n b twe n the p rties

6.5 Extra tion of f eature qua titie

Extract the f eature q antities of a normal region from the binarized images by image

analy is of the size, are , s a e, an distribution, etc of the ir eg larities

For example, the diagonal len th of the minimum rectan les b u din the clu ters of

a normal region , an c an e in the n mb r of pixels by the binary image contraction of

re etition can b u ed as feature q antities

The typ an n mb r of f eature q antities to b u ed s ould b agre d up n b twe n the

p rties

6.6 Deriv tion of dis rimin nt f unction

Dis riminant analy is s al b p rf ormed u in the f eature q antities extracted from

sp cimen of non-def ective an defective prod cts as in icated in 6.5 as the te c er data to

spl t into two groups

The l ne r dis riminant fun tion is expres ed by Eq ation (1):



+ +

+ +

=

i i X a X

a X a X a a Z

3 3 2 2 1 1 0

(1)

where

Z is the dis riminant s ore;

a

0

is a con tant;

i (s bs ript in icates the dimen ion of the dis riminant f un tion;

a

i

is the dis riminant co f ficient as weig tin f actor f or the se aration of test sp cimen of

te c er data into the two groups, non-defective and def ective;

X

i

is the f req en y of feature q antities taken into con ideration

Eq ation (1) is def i ed to distin uis the group of non-defective sp cimen from the group of

defective sp cimen by the value Z, whic is resp ctively set to b p sitive for non-defective

an negative f or def ective sp cimen by adju tin a

i

0

If neces ary, the typ of non-l ne r dis riminant f un tion b sed on Mahalano is' general zed

distan e, D

2

may also b u ed

The typ of the dis riminant fun tion to b u ed can b agre d up n b twe n the p rties

6.7 Sy tem re istration

The res ltin dis riminant f un tion s al b registered to the test s stem to p rf orm evaluation

of u k own sp cimen

For the u k own sp cimen, the value of Z s al b calc lated u in the registered f un tion,

whic is def i ed by Eq ation (1) in ad an e in the l ne r dis riminant analy is

From the values of Z o tained, the q al ty of the u k own sp cimen can b estimated

In case of a non-l ne r dis riminant fun tion, the values of D

2

s al b u ed f or the estimate of

7 Re ort

7.1 Re ort the sp cimen n mb rs of b th non-def ective an defective prod cts u ed as the

te c er data

7.2 Re ort the a p ratu / eq ipment information for ca turin images of plated s rf aces in

the tested sp cimen

7.3 Re ort the value of thres old for the binarizin images

7.4 Re ort the typ , ste pin width, an ran e of the f eature q antities extracted from the

binarized images

7.5 Re ort the dis riminant fun tion derived for evaluation of the tested sp cimen

8 Additional inf ormation

8.1 An o tical method b sed on the p larization analy is an image recog ition has b en

pro osed f rom AIST, Ja an, an a p werful camera s stem that can o serve b th a lu tre

ir eg larity an u even colourin at the same time has b en develo ed

8.2 Examples of the eq ipment an tested res lts are s own in An ex A an An ex B