Iec tr 61850 80 3 2015

The u age of the IEC 618 0 commu ication stan ard is largely spre din over al the domain con ected to the smart grid, pu hin the u age of tec nologies ada ted to the con ection of a very

IEC T R 61 850-80-3

Editio 1.0 2 15-1

Communication network s and systems for power uti ity automation –

Part 80-3: Mapping to web protocols – Requirements and technical choices

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IEC T R 61 850-80-3

Editio 1.0 2 15-1

Communication networks and systems for power uti ity automation –

Part 80-3: Mapping to web protocols – Requirements and technical choice

INT ERNAT IONAL

ELECT ROT ECHNICAL

CONTENTS

FOREWORD 6

INTRODUCTION 8

1 Sco e 9

2 Normative referen es 10 3 Terms an definition 1

4 Ab reviated terms 12 5 Main in olved s b-s stems an stakeholders 12 6 Req irements des ription 14 6.1 General 14 6.2 Sco e of this clau e 14 6.2.1 ACSI clas es to b ma p d 14 6.2.2 Network type 15 6.3 Req irements l st 15 6.3.1 Tran fer time 15 6.3.2 Throu hput 15 6.3.3 Data integrity (er or pro a i ty) 15 6.3.4 Rel a i ty 15 6.3.5 Avai a i ty 15 6.3 6 Intero era i ty 1

6 6.3.7 Cyb r sec rity 16 6.3.8 Device size 17 6.3.9 Dy amic exten ion of the s stem 17 6.3.10 Sen itivity to cost of b n width 17 6.3.1 Avai a i ty of commercial an o en source to ls 17 6.3.12 Intel ectual pro erty 18 6.3.13 Peren ialty / Sta i ty of the solution 18 6.3.14 Req est for ad itional resources and en ine rin 18 6.3.15 Simpl city an eas implementation of the commu ication solution 18 6.3.16 Abi ty to b come a SCSM / Dif ic lty in fi in the ga 18 6.3.17 One sin le solution for al smart grid a pl cation 18 6.3.18 Prod cts' time- o-market 18 6.3.19 Minimize stan ardization efort 19 7 SCSM tec nical des ription 19 7.1 Tec nolog as es ment an c oice 19 7.2 XMPP overview 2

7.2.1 Prin iples 2

7.2.2 Ad res s heme 21

7.2.3 Scala i ty an red n an y 21

7.2.4 Server federation 2

7.2.5 Stan a example 2

7.2.6 Presen e monitorin 2

7.3 Commu ication stac overview 2

7.4 Definition of the XML p ylo d 2

7.5 Tran p rt of XML p ylo d over XMPP 2

7.5.2 Rules for ma pin sol cited services 2

7.5.3 Ma pin of u solcited services 31

7.5.4 Usage of presen e monitorin 31

7.6 Cyb r sec rity 3

7.6.1 Sec rity with XMPP 3

7.6.2 Choice of tec nical solution for sec rity 3

7.7 Ma pin s nthesis 3

7.8 Sy erg with existin 8-1 ma pin 3

An ex A (informative) Use cases an req irements for e c domain 3

A.1 Use cases for PV-in erters 3

A.1.1 Sco e of this clau e 3

A.1.2 Arc itecture overview 3

A.1.3 Use cases 3

A.2 Use cases for h dro an thermal generation 4

A.2.1 Sco e of this clau e 4

A.2.2 Arc itecture overview 4

A.2.3 Use cases 41

A.3 Use cases for win p wer 4

A.3.1 Sco e of this clau e 4

A.3.2 Arc itecture overview 4

A.3.3 Use cases 4

A.4 Use cases for CHP 4

A.4.1 Sco e of this clau e 4

A.4.2 Arc itecture overview 5

A.4.3 Use cases 5

A.4.4 Referen es for CHP domain 5

A.5 Use cases of domain Smart Cu tomer (DR) 5

A.5.1 Sco e of this clau e 5

A.5.2 Arc itecture overview 6

A.5.3 Use cases 6

A.6 Use cases for E-Mo i ty 6

A.6.1 Sco e of this clau e 6

A.6.2 Arc itecture overview 6

A.6.3 Use cases 6

A.7 Use cases for VPP an Microgrid 7

A.7.1 Sco e of this clau e 7

A.7.2 Arc itecture overview 71

A.7.3 Use cases 7

A.8 Use cases for fe der automation 7

A.8.1 Sco e of this clau e 7

A.8.2 Arc itecture overview 7

A.8.3 Use cases 7

A.9 Req ired services an p rforman es 7

An ex B (informative) Examples of MMS XER p ylo d 8

B.1 General 8

B.2 GetL gicalNodeDirectory 8

B.3 Re ort 8

Fig re 1 – Arc itecture overview 13

Fig re 2 – Device commu icatin with dif erent tru t levels 17

Fig re 3 – Arc itecture main c oices 2

Fig re 4 – XMPP arc itecture overview 21

Fig re 5 – XMPP Federation 2

Fig re 6 – Example of a XMPP telegram 2

Fig re 7 – Simpl fied commu ication stac 2

Fig re 8 – XER en odin v BER en odin 2

Fig re 9 – ASN.1 a stract definition of MMS PDUs (extract 2

Fig re 10 – Example of XER p ylo d 2

Fig re 1 – ACSI XML Mes age s hema for XER p ylo d (extract 2

Fig re 12 – XMPP arc itecture for IEC 618 0 2

Fig re 13 – XMPP u in TLS an Simple Authentication an Sec rity L yer (SASL) 3

Fig re 14 – En to en sec rity over XMPP 3

Fig re 15 – Sy thesis of SCSM 8-2 stru ture 3

Fig re 16 – SCSM 8-1 an 8-2 s nerg 3

Fig re 17 – Control center with d al stac SCSM 8-1 / SCSM 8-2 3

Fig re 18 – Gateway b twe n SCSM 8-1 an SCSM 8-2 3

Fig re A.1 – PV – Arc itecture overview for data con ection to an in u trial plant 3

Fig re A.2 – PV – Arc itecture overview for data con ection to a residential plant 3

Fig re A.3 – Power plants – Typical p wer o erator network arc itecture 41

Fig re A.4 – Power plants – Relation hip b twe n the actors 41

Fig re A.5 – Examples of the variety of to ologies required/s p orted for win p wer 4

Fig re A.6 – Example of u e within the win plant 4

Fig re A.7 – Example of u e b twe n the win plant an a control center 4

Fig re A.8 – Diagram of data u e hierarc y levels in con ition monitorin 4

Fig re A.9 – Typ s of CHP plants 5

Fig re A.10 – CHP – Example of a s stem arc itecture 51

Fig re A.1 – Numb r of CHPs in German 5

Fig re A.12 – CHP u e cases an in olved actors 5

Fig re A.13 – CHP – Gra hical presentation of freq en y control within the Euro e n p wer s stem 5

Fig re A.14 – CHP – Freq en y control time c aracteristic 5

Fig re A.15 – Smart c stomer – Main actors 6

Fig re A.16 – Smart c stomer – Main elements of the smart c stomer domain (rig t column) 61

Fig re A.17 – Smart c stomer – L gical model for c stomer premises commu ication 61

Fig re A.18 – Smart c stomer – Commu ication relation hips 6

Fig re A.19 – E-Mo i ty – Arc itecture overview 6

Fig re A.2 – Arc itectural picture of a microgrid 71

Fig re A.21 – Arc itectural picture of a VPP 7

Fig re A.2 – FA – Distributed arc itecture of a fe der automation s stem 7

Fig re A.2 – FA – Semi-central zed arc itecture of a fe der automation s stem 7

Ta le 1 – Main in olved s b-s stems an stakeholders 13

Ta le 2 – ACSI services to b ma p d 2

Ta le 3 – MMS o jects an services in u e within this SCSM 2

Ta le 4 – Ma pin s nthesis 3

Ta le A.1 – Use case l st 3

Ta le A.2 – Power plants – Use case l st 4

Ta le A.3 – Win – List of actors 4

Ta le A.4 – Win – Use case lst 4

Ta le A.5 – CHP – Use case l st 5

Ta le A.6 – CHP – Other u e cases not fe sible with existin ACSI 5

Ta le A.7 – Smart c stomer – Use case l st 6

Ta le A.8 – Smart c stomer – Other u e cases not fe sible with existin ACSI 6

Ta le A.9 – E-Mo i ty – Use case lst 6

Ta le A.10 – VPP/Microgrid – Use case lst 7

Ta le A.1 – VPP/Microgrid – Other u e cases not fe sible with existin ACSI 7

Ta le A.12 – FA – Use case l st 7

Ta le A.13 – FA – Other u e cases not fe sible with existin ACSI 7

Ta le A.14 – Sy thesis – Usage of model n clas es 7

Ta le A.15 – Sy thesis of tran fer times 8

Ta le A.16 – Sy thesis – New pro osed fu ction 81

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

Part 80-3: Mapping to web protocols –

Requirements and technical choices

1) Th Intern tio al Ele trote h ic l Commis io (IEC) is a worldwid org niz tio for sta d rdiz tio c mprisin

al n tio al ele trote h ic l c mmite s (IEC Natio al Commite s) Th o je t of IEC is to promote

intern tio al c -o eratio o al q e tio s c n ernin sta d rdiz tio in th ele tric l a d ele tro ic field To

this e d a d in a ditio to oth r a tivitie , IEC p bls e Intern tio al Sta d rd , Te h ic l Sp cific tio s,

Te h ic l Re orts, Pu lcly Av ia le Sp cific tio s (PAS) a d Guid s (h re fer refere to a “IEC

Pu lc tio (s)”) Th ir pre aratio is e tru te to te h ic l c mmite s; a y IEC Natio al Commite intere te

in th s bje t d alt with ma p rticip te in this pre aratory work Intern tio al g v rnme tal a d n n

-g v rnme tal org niz tio s laisin with th IEC als p rticip te in this pre aratio IEC c la orate clo ely

with th Intern tio al Org niz tio for Sta d rdiz tio (ISO) in a c rd n e with c n itio s d termin d b

a re me t b twe n th two org niz tio s

2) Th formal d cisio s or a re me ts of IEC o te h ic l maters e pre s, a n arly a p s ible, a intern tio al

c n e s s of o inio o th rele a t s bje ts sin e e c te h ic l c mmite h s re re e tatio from al

intere te IEC Natio al Commite s

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Pu lc tio s is a c rate, IEC c n ot b h ld re p n ible for th wa in whic th y are u e or for a y

misinterpretatio b a y e d u er

4) In ord r to promote intern tio al u iformity, IEC Natio al Commite s u d rta e to a ply IEC Pu lc tio s

tra s are tly to th ma imum e te t p s ible in th ir n tio al a d re io al p blc tio s An div rg n e

b twe n a y IEC Pu lc tio a d th c re p n in n tio al or re io al p blc tio s al b cle rly in ic te in

th later

5) IEC its lf d e n t pro id a y ate tatio of c nformity In e e d nt c rtific tio b die pro id c nformity

a s s me t s rvic s a d, in s me are s, a c s to IEC mark of c nformity IEC is n t re p n ible for a y

s rvic s c rie o t b in e e d nt c rtific tio b die

6) Al u ers s o ld e s re th t th y h v th late t e itio of this p blc tio

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memb rs of its te h ic l c mmite s a d IEC Natio al Commite s for a y p rs n l injury, pro erty d ma e or

oth r d ma e of a y n ture wh ts e er, wh th r dire t or in ire t, or for c sts (in lu in le al fe s) a d

e p n e arisin o t of th p blc tio , u e of, or rela c u o , this IEC Pu lc tio or a y oth r IEC

Pu lc tio s

8) Ate tio is drawn to th Normativ refere c s cite in this p blc tio Us of th refere c d p blc tio s is

in is e s ble for th c re t a plc tio of this p blc tio

9) Ate tio is drawn to th p s ibi ty th t s me of th eleme ts of this IEC Pu lc tio ma b th s bje t of

p te t rig ts IEC s al n t b h ld re p n ible for id ntifyin a y or al s c p te t rig ts

The main tas of IEC tec nical commite s is to pre are International Stan ard However, a

tec nical commite may pro ose the publ cation of a tec nical re ort when it has col ected

data of a diferent kin from that whic is normal y publs ed as an International Stan ard, for

example "state of the art"

IEC TR 618 0-8 -3, whic is a tec nical re ort, has b en pre ared by IEC tec nical

commit e 5 : Power s stems management an as ociated information ex han e

The text of this tec nical re ort is b sed on the fol owin doc ments:

Ful information on the votin for the a proval of this tec nical re ort can b fou d in the

re ort on votin in icated in the a ove ta le

This publcation has b en draf ed in ac ordan e with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2

A l st of al p rts in the IEC 618 0 series, publ s ed u der the general title Commu nic ato

n two rks and systems for po we r u ti ty automato , can b fou d on the IEC we site

The commit e has decided that the contents of this publ cation wi remain u c an ed u ti

the sta i ty date in icated on the IEC we site u der "ht p:/we store.iec.c " in the data

related to the sp cific publ cation At this date, the publ cation wi b

The u age of the IEC 618 0 commu ication stan ard is largely spre din over al the

domain con ected to the smart grid, pu hin the u age of tec nologies ada ted to the

con ection of a very large n mb r of a pl cation an devices acros the intra/internet (se

related u e cases in An ex A) The in olved domain typical y u e alre d wel-esta ls ed

protocols for ex han in data with IT level a plcation l ke resource plan in , as et an

maintenan e management, etc Therefore, it b comes imp rative to provide an integration

strateg that al ows the integration of IEC 618 0 into these variou disp rate protocols an

information

In this context, We Protocols are con idered the most a pro riate tec nolog for

commu ication with b c en s stems an p s ibly field devices

This p rt of IEC 618 0, whic is a tec nical re ort, des rib s the req irements an gives an

overview of the tec nical solution for u in We Protocols as a new commu ication ma pin

(SCSM) for the IEC 618 0 stan ard

NOT Th n tio of We Proto ols c v rs h re th We Servic s te h olo ie , e te d d b oth r wel d plo e

te h olo ie b s d o sta d rd u e in th IT d main (IE F, ISO, W3C, OASIS, etc.) Th a v nta e is th t d e

to a lot of profe sio al k owle g a d pra tic l e p rie c s in th IT world th ris of n n-intero era le s lutio s

in th smart grid d main wi d cre s

The stru ture of this p rt of IEC 618 0 i u trates a two-ste a pro c :

arc itectural con ideration , takin into ac ou t the new exten ed s o e of IEC 618 0

Clau e 6 pro oses a s nthesis of the glo al req irements, whi e the u e cases of the

variou domain are des rib d in An ex A The con idered domain are:

• Evaluation an selection of tec nologies in order to buid a con istent SCSM Clau e 7

presents the future SCSM 8-2, in lu in an overview of the main selected tec nology:

XMPP The fol owin go ls have b en p rtic larly con idered for the definition of this

SCSM:

– Identify a sin le profi e s p ortin al the services req ired by the domain an defined

today in ACSI

– Cover the ful l fe c cle of a IEC 618 0 s stem, in col a oration with the Sy tem

Management work in WG10 ( rom config ration, throu h conforman e testin , down to

maintenan e) For this purp se, this p rt of IEC 618 0 may recommen some c an es

to other p rts of the IEC 618 0 series s c as Parts 6 an 10, etc

– De loy c b r-sec rity to en ure a sec re en ironment (in complan e with the

IEC 6 3 1 series)

– Pro ose rules for coha itation with other ma pin s s c as IEC 618 0-8-1 an

IEC 618 0-9-2, an p s ibly recommen commu ication profies de en in on sp cific

a pl cation context (p le- o eq ipment, in ide DER, con ection of DER, etc.)

– Only the A-Profi e is ad res ed here Nevertheles , s p ort of TCP/IP an UDP/IP is

req ired for the T-Profi es

What is not in lu ed in the stu y:

• Modification of o jects sp cified in IEC 618 0-7-3 an IEC 618 0-7-4

• Introd ction of several comp tin we protocols profi es

The namesp ce of this doc ment is: “ Tr)IEC 618 0-8 -3:2 15”

The folowin doc ments, in whole or in p rt, are normatively referen ed in this doc ment an

are in isp n a le for its a pl cation For dated referen es, only the edition cited a ples For

u dated referen es, the latest edition of the referen ed doc ment (in lu in an

amen ments) a pl es

IEC 618 0-5, Communic ato n ne tworks and syste ms fo r p owe r uti ty au tomato n – Part 5:

Commu nicato n re qu ire me nts fo r fu ncto s and de ice models

IEC 618 0-7-2, C o mmunic to n two rks and syste ms fo r p we r uti ty auto mato – Part 7-2:

Basic info rmato and c o mmu nicato structu re – Abstra t commu nicato se rvice inte rfac e

(ACSI)

IEC 618 0-7-3, Communic to n n two rks and syste ms for p we r uti ty auto mato – Part 7-3:

Basic c o mmu nic ato structure – Commo n data cla ses

IEC 618 0-7-4, Communic to n n two rks and syste ms for p we r uti ty auto mato – Part 7-4:

Basic commu nic ato structure – Compatble logic l n de c la se s and data obje c tc la se s

IEC 618 0-8-1:2 1 , Commu nic to n two rks and systems fo r po we r u ti ty automato –

Part 8-1: Sp cific c o mmunicato se rvic e map pin (SC SM) – Map in s to MMS (ISO 950 6-1

and ISO 950 -2) and to ISO /IEC 880 2-3

IEC 6 3 1 (al p rts), Po we r systems manage me t and a sociated informato e xchan e –

Data and c ommu nic to ns se c uriy

ISO 9 0 (al p rts), Indu strial automato systems – Manu fa turin Me ss g Spe c ificato

ISO/IEC 8 2 -1:2 0 , Informato n te ch o lo y – Abstra t Sy tax Notato One (ASN 1)

Sp e c ific ato ofbasic n tato n

ISO/IEC 8 2 -1:2 0 , Info rmato te ch olo y – ASN.1 e codin ru le s: Spe c ific ato n o f Ba ic

Encodin Ru les (BER), Cano nic al Enc o din Ru les (C ER) and Distn u ish d Enc odin R u le s

RFC 612 , Exte sible Mes agin andPrese c e Pro to c o l (XMPP) Core

RFC 6121, Exte nsib le Me ss gin and Pre se nce Pro to c ol (XMPP) Instant Me ss gin and

Pre se c e

RFC 612 , Exte sib le Me ss gin andPrese c e Pro to c o l (XMPP) Ad re ss Fo rmat

p int of electrical con ection b twe n the DER source of energy (generation or storage) an

an electric p wer s stem (EPS)

Note 1 to e try: Ea h DER (g n ratio or stora e) u it h s a ECP c n e tin it to its lo al p wer s stem;

gro p of DER u its h v a ECP wh re th y interc n e t to th p wer s stem at a s e ific site or pla t a gro p

of DER u its plu lo al lo d h v a ECP wh re th y are interc n e te to th uti ty p wer s stem

Note 2 to e try: For th s ECPs b twe n a uti ty E S a d a pla t or site E S, this p int is id ntic l to th p int

of c mmo c u ln (PCC) in IE E 15 7, Sta dard for Interc on ectin Distribu ted Resourc es wih Electric Power

S ystems

3.2

ele tric power s stem

EPS

al in tal ation an plant provided for the purp se of generatin , tran mit in an distributin

electricity; p rtic lar in talation , s bstation , l nes or ca les for the tran mis ion an

distribution of electricity

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-6 1:19 5, 6 1-01-01, 6 1-01-0 , modified (removal of Note to entry)]

Note 1 to e try: IEC 618 0 als u e th folowin terms:

Uti ty Grid or Uti ty ele tric l n twork – this c r e p n s to th are E S a d fin d in IE E

Fa i ty Grid or Fa i ty ele tric l n twork – this c re p n s to th lo al E S a d fin d in IE E

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-6 1:19 5, 6 1-01-0 , modified (modification of Note 1 to entry)]

3.4

point of c mmon c upl n

PCC

ECP b twe n a uti ty electrical network an faci ty electrical network

Note 1 to e try: ECP a d PC are relate to th p y ic l c n e tivity of th ele tric l n twork o ly a d are

in e e d nt from a plc tio fu ctio s

Note 2 to e try: Oth r terms u e are POC, PU a d PGC with s metime simiar me nin s Th s are n t

furth r c n id re within IEC 618 0, sin e ECP a d PC are s ficie t

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

1

This s e ific tio d fin s a XMP proto ol e te sio for a tiv ma a eme t of a XML stre m b twe n two

XMP e titie , in lu in fe ture for sta z a k owle g me ts a d stre m re umptio

2

This s e ific tio d fin s a XMP proto ol e te sio for s n in a plc tio -le el pin s o er XML stre ms

Su h pin s c n b s nt from a cle t toa s rv r, from o e s rv r to a oth r, or e d- o-e d

3.5

priv te network

network u ed by a u iq e entity masterin al the data flows, the p rforman e se n by whic

is g arante d in terms of b n width, throu hput, tran mis ion delay, avai a i ty, etc

Note 1 to e try: A priv te n twork ma b b s d o a p blc or s are infra tru ture, a s o a th le el of

s rvic s c n b g ara te d

3.6

publ c network

network not u ed by a u iq e entity masterin al the data flows or if the p rforman e se n by

the entity u in the network is not g arante d in terms of b n width, throu hput, tran mis ion

delay, avai a i ty, etc

3.7

smart grid

electric p wer s stem whic u es commu ication network for co rdinatin the action of the

generators an con umers con ected to it in order to ef iciently del ver s staina le, economic

an sec re electricity s p l es

DSO Distribution s stem o erator

ECP Electrical Con ection Point

ENTSO-E Euro e n network of tran mis ion s stem o erators for electricity

EPS Electric Power Sy tem

Fig re 1 presents an overview of the main in olved s b-s stems an in icates for whic

interaction the new IEC 618 0-8-2 we protocols ma pin is inten ed The s b-s stems

mentioned in the picture are then des rib d in Ta le 1 together with other s stems an

stakeholders con idered in this doc ment

Pr ocsFieldStatio

Op r atioEnter pr ieMar ket

Figure 1 – Arc ite ture ov rview

Table 1 – Main in olv d s b-s stems a d sta e olders

Role Ag re ator Ofers s rvic s to a gre ate e erg pro u tio , stora e c p bi ty a d e erg

c n umptio Acts toward th grid a o e e tity, in lu in lo al a gre atio of

A p rty th t h s a c ntra t pro in fin n ial s c rity a d id ntifyin b la c

re p n ibi ty withth imb la c s tleme t re p n ible of th mark t b la c are

e titln th p rty to o erate in th mark t This is th o ly role alowin a p rty to

A pro e sin u it intera tin dire tly with th DER pro e s b u in pro rietary

c mmu ic tio s me n Act a a c mmu ic tio s rv r for th hig er le el s stems

Sy tem

D R

mana ement

s stem

Co trol Ce ter of th VP or Micro rid, u e for mo itorin a d c ntrol n th

v rio s s b-s stems th t are re istere a p rticip nt in th VP Pro id s a ci ary

On or s v ral d vic s at pro e s le el th t are c ntrole b th s me s stem at

field le el Al in lu e d vic s h v th s mety e(e.g PV) a d c n b for

g n ratio p rp s a wel a for stora e

Type Name De criptio

Role D O Ac ordin to th Article 2.6 of th Ele tricity Dire tiv 2 0 /7 /EC: "a n tural or

le al p rs n re p n ible for o eratin , e s rin th mainte a c of a d, if

n c s ary, d v lo in th distrib tio s stem in a giv n are a d, wh re a plc ble,

its interc n e tio s with oth r s stems a d for e s rin th lo g-erm a i ty of th

s stem to me t re s n ble d ma d for th distrib tio of ele tricity" More v r, th

DSO is re p n ible for re io al grid a c s a d grid sta i ty, inte ratio of

re ewa le at th distrib tio le el a d re io al lo d b la cin

Role

Energ retaier

Entity s l n ele tric l e erg to c n umers – c uld als b a grid u er wh h s a

gridc n e tio a d a c s c ntra t with th T O or DSO In a ditio , multiple

c mbin tio s of difere t grid u er gro p (e.g th s grid u ers th t d b th

c n ume a d pro u e ele tricity) e ist

Role Market

o erator

Th u iq e p wer e c a g of tra e for th a tu l d lv ry of e erg th t re eiv s

th bid from th Bala c Re p n ible Partie th t h v a c ntra t to bid Th

mark t o erator d termin s th mark t e erg pric for th mark t b la c are

afer a plyin te h ic l c n traints from th s stem o erator It ma als e ta ls

th pric for th re o ci atio within a meterin grid are

Role Meter o erator A p rty re p n ible for in tal n , maintainin , te tin , c rtifyin a d

In u try site , b idin s or h me th t c ntrib te to a d profit from d ma d

re p n e Ma b c n umers a d / or pro u ers of ele tric l e erg

Sy tem Trading s stem A Sy temwith a plc tio (s) whic are u e to tra e e erg in c re p n in

mark ts, s p orts th dis atc in th d cisio to b y, s l or to s lfpro u e e erg

a d als pro id s fa i tie to e c a g th n c s ary informatio with th En rg

Mark t Platorm

Role TSO Ac ordin to Article 2.4 of th Ele tricity Dire tiv 2 0 /7 /EC: "a n tural or le al

p rs n re p n ible for o eratin , e s rin th mainte a c of a d, if n c s ary,

d v lo in th tra smis io s stem in agiv n are a d, wh re a plc ble, its

interc n e tio s with oth r s stems, a d for e s rin th lo g-erm a i ty of th

s stem to me t re s n ble d ma d for th tra smis io of ele tricity" More v r,

th T O is re p n ible for c n e tio of al grid u ers at th tra smis io le el a d

c n e tio of th DSOs within th T O c ntrol are

The first fourte n req irements (6.3.1 to 6.3.14) have b en analy ed domain by domain, so

that what is presented here is a s nthesis of a detai ed analy is of e c domain

The last five req irements (6.3.15 to 6.3.19) are general req irements relevant for ratin

tec nical solution but whic do not de en esp cial y on the con idered domain

6.2 Sc pe of this cla s

6.2.1 ACSI cla s s to be mappe

The u age of the variou ACSI clas es defined in IEC 618 0-7-2 has b en stu ied for e c

domain The s nthesis presented in Ta le A.14 s ows that al the clas es u in the

cl entserver model ne d to b ma p d, as wel as the config ration services for the clas es

u in a p er- o-p er model (i.e GOOSE an SMV)

Regardin the p er- o-p er model, the req irements expres ed in Ta le A.15 for p er- o-p er

from we protocols When req ired for a sp cific u e case, an existin ma pin l ke the one

defined for example in IEC 618 0-9 -5 may b u ed Nevertheles , u age of we protocols

for implementin one- o-man interaction , even with lower p rforman es, may b stu ied in

the future

6.2.2 Network type

The analy is of the dif erent u e cases l sted in An ex A has s own that for most domain ,

the commu ication infrastru ture may b either private or publ c network (se definition for

private/publ c network in 3.5 an 3.6) This is an imp rtant driver for the c oice of the

tec nical solution, in p rtic lar b cau e the pro osed c b r-sec rity mec anisms wi have to

comply with the commu ication over publ c network

6.3 Re uireme ts l st

6.3.1 Tra sfer time

The tran fer time is defined as the overal tran fer time from a plcation to a plcation

in lu in the codin at the sen er side, the delay in the commu ication network an the

decodin at the receiver side (se complete des ription in IEC 618 0-5)

For the cl ent /server services con idered here, the req ired tran fer time may vary from some

secon s to a minimum of 10 ms (se Ta le A.15)

6.3.2 Throug put

This req irement des rib s the most deman in s enario in terms of data tran fer A s enario

comin from the VPP domain an in olvin a hig n mb r of DERs is pro a ly the most

relevant to esta l s s c a throu hput req irement A first as es ment is a s stem with

arou d 10 0 0 con ection p ints ex han in 1 to 5 kbytes mes ages every 5 min tes with a

tran fer time of 1 to 3 secon s

6.3.3 Data inte rity (er or probabi ty)

Us al req irements lke in the s bstation automation domain (se IEC 618 0-5)

Data integrity me n here that the tran mis ion er ors s al remain b low an ac e ta le l mit

for a given b c grou d noise It is then sl g tly dif erent from the Integrity req irement

general y mentioned in a c b r-sec rity context Only er ors that re l y flow up to the

a pl cation level an that can ot b recovered s al b taken into ac ou t

Us al req irements lke in the s bstation automation domain (se IEC 618 0-5)

This req irement is twofold The Sec rity criteria expres the pro a i ty for an IED to receive

an u wanted comman whi e the De en a i ty criteria expres the pro a i ty that a

comman normal y req ired in a given context may b mis in

These criteria are des rib d in IEC 618 0-5 For e c of them several clas es of IEDs are

defined de en in on the kin of a plcation

6.3.5 Av i abi ity

The selected commu ication tec nolog s al s p ort network red n an y as wel as device

• Network red n an y me n here that there s ould b no sin le p int of fai ure al alon

the commu ication p th b twe n two commu icatin entities

• Device red n an y can b rather managed at the a pl cative level, so that there s ould b

no con traint on the commu ication tec nolog

In an case, the maximum recovery delay is arou d 5 min tes

6.3.6 Interoperabi ity

commu ication ma pin is a general an o viou req irement It is exp cted ad itional y that:

• Future exten ion wi not bre k the commu ication with older implementation of the

same commu ication ma pin

• The same IED or s stem s ould b a le to simultane u ly host the new we protocol

ma pin an other alre d defined commu ication ma pin s This may a ply to cl ent an

server a plcation , as wel as to gateway makin a brid e b twe n several kin s of

ma pin s

6.3.7 Cyber s c rity

The tec nical solution s al comply with the fol owin req irements, whic in lu e b th

general sec rity req irements as wel as more detai ed tec nical req irements The a plca le

stan ard for c b r-sec rity in this domain is IEC 6 3 1 Eac time this is relevant, the

req irements b low refer to this stan ard:

• Sup ort of en - o-en sec rity

• Req ire confidential ty, integrity, avai a i ty an non-re u iation

– In p rtic lar, commu ication over the internet s al b en rypted

• Sup ort sec re con ection with TLS, in urin data integrity, authentication an

confidential ty b twe n two entities directly con ected throu h TLS, as defined in

IEC 6 3 1-3

• Devices or control ers s al s p ort a role b sed sec rity model whic defines ac es

down to p rameter or mes age typ level

– Sup ort authorization with an ac es token at a plcation layer level as defined in

IEC 6 3 1-8

• Shal b compl ant with a key management as defined in IEC 6 3 1-9, in p rtic lar:

– Devices s al b config red with credentials that ena le them to make authenticated

an en rypted con ection to a tru ted commu ication infrastru ture

– There s al b a mec anism to update credentials, e.g certificate revocation

• Devices wi only make outb u d tran p rt level con ection to the commu ication

infrastru ture u in their credentials

• Devices or control ers s al b ca a le to simultane u ly hold multiple con ection to

diferent commu ication p rtners with dif erent tru t levels For example, Fig re 2

presents an arc itecture where DER Sy tem or Unit Control ers mu t interact with several

network domain , p tential y with dif erent tru t levels

Figure 2 – De ic c mmu ic ting with dif ere t trust le els

6.3.8 De ic size

Device size is not con idered as a l mitin factor The fu ctionalty is the more imp rtant an

the device size s ould b desig ed ac ordin ly

6.3.9 Dy amic e te sio of th s stem

Af er initial commis ionin a s stem evolves al alon its l fe-c cle The c an es may b

l mited to the upgrade of some comp nents or may in lu e the ad ition of complete s

b-s stems Some commu ication tec nologies can ot s p ort e si y s c exten ion , some

others are re l y done for that by providin for example auto dis overy fe tures for devices

an data

Dy amic exten ion of the s stem is required in p rtic lar for the s enarios in olvin a hig

n mb r of DER, where registration an dis overy fu ction are req ired

6.3.10 Se sitivity to c st of ba dwidth

The commu ication ma pin may b u ed over p y p r volume con ection (e.g GPRS) so

that the size of the mes age is an imp rtant factor b cau e it has an imp ct on the overal

costs For this re son, protocols u in a more comp ct en odin or a smal er mes age

stru ture for the same information wi b prefer ed

6.3.1 Av i abi ty of c mmercial a d ope s urc tools

Some tec nologies are alre d wel de loyed whi e others are ju t emergin The existin

to ls for these tec nologies may b also o en source or commercial

These to ls may in lu e:

• Protocols u ed by the tec nical solution: implementation of the main comp nents of the

tec nical solution (e.g WS-* sp cification )

• Simulators: cl ent side or server side simulators to val date the intero era i ty

• Protocol analy er u ed to analy e the protocol stac on the Ethernet l n

The avai a i ty of s c to ls is in general not a critical req irement De en in on the

domain an the size of the plants, commercial or o en source implementation are

prefer ed

Evolution may b l n ed in p rtic lar to the n mb r of stan ardization b dies in olved, an

the as ociated management rules

There is a stron ne d for a lon - erm sta le solution, sin e the typical s stem lfetime is 2

ye rs an lon er

6.3.14 Re ue t for a ditional re ourc s a d e gine rin

This criterion me n that the cost of the commu ication solution is an imp rtant asp ct that

mig t b cru ial for the decision of u in IEC 618 0 for DERs For this req irement, the p int

of view of an en u er or an in tal er u in the prod cts for buidin a s stem lke for example

a DER plant is con idered

The u age of wel k own IT tec nologies is con idered as a factor that would lmit this cost

This req irement is p rtic larly imp rtant for smal plants

6.3.15 Simpl city a d e s impleme tation of the c mmu ic tion s lution

This req irement con ern more the develo ment of the commu ication tec nolog However

simpl city an e s implementation of the SCSM are also imp rtant criteria for c stomers

when decidin to u e it for their DERs, b cau e complexity may af ect the commu ication

solution in man of its asp cts: u a i ty, eficien y, reu a i ty, maintaina i ty, p rta i ty an

testa i ty

6.3.16 Abi ity to be ome a SCSM / Dif ic lty in fi in the gap

The tec nologies u ed for the SCSM s al s p ort the fol owin fe tures:

• Abi ty to ma ACSI services an b haviour, as they are defined in IEC 618 0-7-2

• Sup ort the solcited mes age ex han e p t ern

• Sup ort the u solcited mes age ex han e p t ern

• Sup ort of b sic data typ s (e.g s p ort of new CDC without c an in the SCSM

The selected tec nologies s al b compl ant with the other stan ard a pl ca le for the smart

grid, either existin or in progres within the IEC

6.3.18 Products' time- o-mark t

The a i ty to desig prod cts an make them avai a le on the market as so n as p s ible is

6.3.19 Minimize sta dardization ef ort

Al the tec nical solution are not eq ivalent con ernin the ef ort req ired to ac ieve a

complete stan ardization This in lu es not only the international stan ard des ribing the

SCSM but also other asp cts, for example compl an e testin

This ef ort de en s mainly on the complexity of the tec nical solution an whether it is b sed

or not on alre d stan ardized tec nologies whic can b refer ed to

7 SCSM technical des ription

Six dif erent tec nologies have b en evaluated as p s ible can idates for the we protocol

ma pin :

• IEC 614 0-2 -4:2 0 , An ex A (We services profie for win p wer)

• DPWS (Devices Profi e for We Services)

• RESTful We Services

• XMPP (Exten ible Mes agin an Presen e Protocol)

Amon these six can idates XMPP has b en selected in p rtic lar b cau e it provides the

fol owin key b nefits Note that these ad antages are also true comp red to the SCSM 8-1:

• Cyb r-sec rity: XMPP ena les devices to make only outb u d con ection (with

ad itional y a wel -k own p rt to the commu ication infrastru ture, th s l mitin the

burden an the ris to config re the fire-wal s on device side an al owin these devices to

b hid en b hin a NAT The core sp cification of XMPP in lu e stan ard sec rity

mec anisms lke TLS or SASL, s p ortin a large n mb r of u e cases

• IPv6: XMPP s p orts a progres ive tran ition to IPv6, as IEC 618 0 a plcation u in

IPv4 an other ones u in IPv6 may intero erate provided that they are con ected to an

XMPP server presentin d al interfaces IPv4 an IPv6

• Presen e monitorin brin s new o p rtu ities for managin s enarios where the

integration of DER is d namic or where commu ication are intermit ent

• Con ergen e with smart grid stan ard , whie XMPP is u ed by other stan ard , either

existin or in progres (e.g IEC 6 7 6-10-1)

Then, for definin the XML mes ages tran p rted over XMPP, the u age of the MMS / XER

en odin des rib d b low has b en prefer ed to a solution u in a c stom XML s hema,

des rib d by IEC 618 0-7-2 an the XML p ylo d (with this secon solution, the XML p ylo d

is simi ar to the b d of the SOAP mes ages defined by IEC 614 0-2 -4:2 0 , An ex A)

The MMS / XER en odin wi b nefit in p rtic lar of a stron s nerg with the existin

IEC 618 0-8-1 ma pin , b th for the stan ardization work an for the develo ment of

prod cts, le din to an o timized time- o-market (se 7.8)

Fig re 3 i u trates the thre main c oices on whic the SCSM is bui t:

• Choice of MMS XER for the definition of the XML p ylo d

• Choice of XMPP as a tran p rt tec nolog , al owin the tran p rt of these XML p ylo d

• Choice of c b r-sec rity tec nologies: XMPP alre d provides some sec rity fe tures

Ad itional y in order to en ure en - o-en sec rity the MMS sec re ses ion mec anism

XMPP is a commu ication protocol ena l n two entities (XMPP cl ents) to ex han e pieces

of XML data, cal ed stan as The XMPP cl ents are not directly con ected together They are

in te d con ected to one or several intermediary entities (XMPP servers) makin the routin

of the stan as

As presented in Fig re 4, several servers can con ect together in order to ena le in

ter-domain commu ication b twe n XMPP clents The prin iple is that e c cl ent initiates a

con ection to its XMPP server (with TCP by default an cre tes a logical c an el cal ed a

stre m Servers con ect together in a simi ar way so that a stan a sent by an XMPP cl ent

can flow throu h the server(s) up to the recipient XMPP clent

For e c XMPP cl ent, the p rmanent an implcitly outgoin con ection con ists of:

• Cre tin a TCP con ection with the XMPP server (TLS may b u ed ad itional y)

• Authenticatin throu h SASL

• Op nin two XMPP stre ms, one for upstre m commu ication to the XMPP server, one

for the down tre m commu ication from the XMPP server

• Bin in of a resource to the stre m

Then, thre kin s of stan as can flow within a stre m:

• “iq” dedicated for req est / resp n e ex han es – i.e solcited services: <iq/>

• “mes age” dedicated for pu h ex han es – i.e u solcited services: <mes age/>

• “presen e” dedicated for presen e an ou cement: < resen e/>

Fig re 4 – XMPP arc ite ture ov rview

7.2.2 Addre s s heme

Eac XMPP entity ne d a u iq e ad res , cal ed a JID

JIDs for entities lo k l ke emai ad res es – entity@domain.tld

Every JID contain a domain p rtion an e c entity that is forese n to con ect to a XMPP

server wi have a JID with a domain identifier that cor esp n s to the domain to whic the

XMPP server belon s Static config ration or a DNS Service can b u ed by the XMPP

entities to resolve the IP ad res of the XMPP server they are exp cted to con ect to

When an XMPP cl ent is con ected to a server it ne d ad itional y to define a resource

identifier for this con ection This can b the name of a device or sof ware u ed on the cl ent

entity@domain.tld/resource identifies a given con ection of an XMPP cl ent

7.2.3 Sc labi ity a d re un a c

In domain with h ge n mb r of memb rs (i.e XMPP cl ents), the XMPP server de loyment

can in lu e a so cal ed clu terin , i.e u e of diferent ph sical devices to whic the TCP

con ection req ests wi b initiated by the XMPP cl ents In case of clu terin , u in DNS

SRV record al ows to b lan e the lo d of the dif erent mac ines, as a weig ted l st of IP

ad res es of the con ection managers (clu ter) that can b in olved A weig ted l st can also

b u eful for managin p th red n an y: in case the p th b twe n an XMPP cl ent an its

con ection manager is inter upted, a con ection to another con ection manager, u ing

therefore another p th in the WAN, can b initiated by the XMPP cl ent on its own initiative

NOT Performa c te ts s ow th t th tra sfer time b twe n XMP cle ts is b far le s th n th re uire 10 ms

(s e 6.3.1, Tra sfer time) wh n th XMP s rv r is n t o erlo d d It is e p cte th t this p rforma c le el c n

b re c e for a v ry larg n mb r of c n e te cle ts b a a tin th n mb r of s rv rs, ty ic ly b clu terin

7.2.4 Serv r fe eration

On e two XMPP cl ents have esta ls ed an XMPP stre m to their XMPP server, the

commu ication can oc ur throu h the XMPP stan as

In case the two XMPP cl ents are located in dif erent domain , the XMPP servers of the two

domain wi esta l s a commu ication c an el – cal ed XMPP federation – in order to route

the information b tween domain Fig re 5 i u trates the case of an IEC 618 0 Clent – DER

Sy tem Management of “domain2.net” that ne d to as ociate to the IEC 618 0 Server – DER

Control er, memb r of “domain1.org”

IE

Figure 5 – XMPP Fe eration

Are of tru t over several domain s al b con idered in order to al ow a sec red federation,

i.e an authenticated commu ication stre m b twe n b th XMPP servers

7.2.5 Sta za e ample

Fig re 6 i u trates the XMPP stan a format The stan a u ed is <iq/>, i.e dedicated for

req est / resp n e Its typ is “get”, therewith, this telegram exp ct a get resp n e eventual y

The atribute “ rom” contain the JID of the sen er, in lu in the resource identifier u ed for

sen in it

The at ribute “ o” contain the JID of the sin the stan a is to sen to Here, b th from an to

b lon to the domain “XMPPServer , therefore the telegram wi tran it from “618 0Cl ent” to

”618 0Server over/via “XMPPServer

Figure 6 – Ex mple of a XMPP tele ram

7.2.6 Pre e c monitoring

Presen e monitorin is a distin tive fe ture of XMPP It ena les con ected entities to k ow

whic entities are also con ected The mec anism is b sed on the <presen e/> stan as

mentioned a ove as wel as on the “rosters” whic are contact lsts managed by the XMPP

servers on b half of e c entity An XMPP Cl ent can typical y:

• Sen a presen e telegram to another XMPP cl ent via its XMPP server

• Req est a presen e information from another XMPP cl ent via its XMPP server

• Subs rib to a presen e information from another XMPP cl ent via its XMPP server

• Alow its XMPP server to forward/notify presen e information to s bs rib d XMPP clents

7.3 Communic tio sta k ov rview

Fig re 7 presents an overview of the SCSM stru ture, mentionin the stan ard sp cification

an protocols u ed within the stac

Regardin the lower layers sp cified here, note that:

• L yers b low the Internet Protocol layer are b yon the s o e of the SCSM

• Usage of XMPP with other tran p rt protocols than TCP is p s ible (e.g BOSH or

We soc et However only TCP wi b stan ardized

• IP is writen without an version (IPv4 or IPv6) The mandatory version is IPv4, but IPv6

may b u ed ad itional y to IPv4 In general, the clau es of the doc ments des ribin the

SCSM wi b val d for b th IP version If a mec anism is de en in on the IP version, an

explanation wi b given for b th version

In the future, it mu t be noted that XMPP may ena le a smo th migration to IPv6, as

XMPP cl ents u in IPv4 an XMPP cl ents u in IPv6 may intero erate, provided that

they are con ected to an XMPP server presentin the a pro riate interfaces IPv4 an

IPv6

The c b r-sec rity asp ct is not completely covered in this fig re, whi e the mec anism

pro osed by XMPP an TLS do s not addres the req irement for en - o-en sec rity This

Fig re 7 – Simpl fie c mmunic tion sta k

Ta le 2 l sts whic o jects an services defined in IEC 618 0-7-2 ne d to b ma p d in the

SCSM This cor esp n s in fact to al the clent server services

Table 2 – ACSI s rvic s to be mappe

Ab rt

Rele s

GetAlDataValu s

Cre teDataSet

DeleteDataSet

TimeActiv te Op rate

SetFie

DeleteFie

GetFieAtrib teValu s

7.4 Definition of the XML pa loa

The prin iple is to reu e the definition of IEC 618 0-8-1 regardin the ma pin of the ACSI

o jects an services over the cor esp n in con e ts of MMS Then, in te d of u in the

BER en odin defined by ISO/IEC 8 2 -1:2 0 for cre tin the PDUs l ke in IEC 618 0-8-1,

the new IEC 618 0-8-2 SCSM wi u e another ASN.1 en odin : the XML En odin Rules

(XER), defined by ISO/IEC 8 2 -4:2 0 (se Fig re 8)

The definition that can b reu ed from IEC 618 0-8-1 in lu e how the o jects of the

IEC 618 0 can b ma p d glo al y over the o jects of MMS an more in the detai s, how

IEC 618 0-8-1, s ows the MMS o jects an services that s al b u ed for ma pin

resp ctively the IEC 618 0 o jects an services The detai of the ma pin is des rib d in

IEC 618 0-8-1:2 1 , Clau e 7 for the o ject ma pin an Clau es 9 to 2 for the services

The ma pin of the BasicTyp s an CommonACSITyp s is also the same as the ma pin

des rib d in IEC 618 0-8-1:2 1 , Clau e 8

NOT Lik th pre e t d c me t, th future IEC 618 0-8-2 wi ma e refere c to IEC 618 0-8-1 rath r th n

d plc tin th d finitio s

Table 3 – MMS obje ts a d s rvic s in us within this SCSM

MMS Obje t IE 618 0 Obje t MMS Servic s in Us

a d Data

Re d

Write

Informatio Re ort

GetVaria leAc e sAtrib te

GetName ist

GetName ist

Defin Name Varia le ist

DeleteName Varia le ist

GetDomainAtrib te

StoreDomainCo te ts

Re uire b ISO 9 0 for c nforma c

Con ernin the des ription of the network mes ages, b th the IEC 618 0-8-1 an

IEC 618 0-8-2 profi es wi u e the same a stract grammar of MMS (se extract in Fig re 9),

whic is b sed on the ASN.1 BNF grammar defined by ISO/IEC 8 2 -1

The dif eren e is that the SCSM 8-2 wi u e the XML en odin defined by ISO 8 2 XER

rather than the binary en odin defined by ISO 8 2 BER Fig re 10 presents an example of

s c an XML mes age cor esp n in to a GetDataValues service In order to ac ieve a go d

level of intero era i ty the XML mes ages s al b val dated again t a stan ard “ACSI XML

Mes age” s hema (se extract in Fig re 1 )

IE

Figure 8 – XER e c ding v BER e c din

Fig re 1 – ACSI XML Me s ge s hema for XER pa loa (e tra t

NOT Th XML s h ma d finin th MMS XER me s g s is a straig torward tra slatio of th ASN.1 n tatio

u e b MMS Th ta k of writin a n rmativ XML s h ma d finin th XER me s g s c n b a tomate b

e istin to ls: startin from th B F ASN.1 n tatio th t re re e ts th s b et of MMS u e b IEC 618 0, s c

to ls are a le to g n rate th c re p n in XSD d finitio s

7.5 Tra sport of XML pa loa s ov r XMPP

7.5.1 Mapping ov r XMPP ov rview

From an XMPP p int of view, al IEC 618 0 a pl cation (cl ent or server) are XMPP cl ents

The arc itecture (se Fig re 12) is b sed on a tier entity, the XMPP server, on whic b th

IEC 618 0 cl ent an server a pl cation are con ectin In this way, no in omin con ection

is req ired on IEC 618 0 entities (cl ent an server) so that sec rity is ues s c as firewal

p rameterization are mostly delegated to the tier server

Figure 12 – XMPP arc ite ture for IEC 618 0

The fol owin XMPP fe tures are u ed for the ACSI ma pin :

• “iq” stan as are dedicated to “Req est Re ly” mes age ex han e p t ern, al owin the

implementation of solcited services b twe n an IEC 618 0 clent a pl cation an an

IEC 618 0 server a plcation

• “mes age” stan as are dedicated to “pu h” mes age ex han e p tern, wel s ited for

u sol cited services b twe n an IEC 618 0 server a pl cation an an IEC 618 0 cl ent

a plcation

7.5.2 Rule for mapping s l cite s rvic s

Most of the cl entserver services are sol cited services defined by thre elements: the

Req est, the p sitive Resp n e an the negative Resp n e

Parameter name

Al solcited services are implemented by IQ stan as The req est mes age is implemented by

an IQ stan a of typ ‘set’ or ‘get’ an the resp n e mes age is implemented by a ‘res lt’ IQ

stan a The direct c i d element of the IQ stan a, As ociationContext, re resents the

as ociation esta l s ed b twe n the cl ent an the server an it contain a MMSpd element

whic is the p ylo d of the mes age as defined in 7.4 The fol owin example presents the IQ

stan as for the GetDataValues service (se also example for a GetL gicalNodeDirectory in

B.2) The element <Sec rity tbd> in this example me n that some information dedicated to

the en - o-en sec rity wi in fact en a s late the MMSpd ( o b defined in the next edition

Er ors oc ur in d rin the IQ stan a tran mis ion or proces in , are in icated by an IQ

stan a of typ =“er or containin an <er or/> c i d element, q al fied by the namesp ce

urn:iet :p rams:xml:n :xmp -stan as This namesp ce as wel as the ful l st of er or

con ition are sp cified in RFC 612

Er ors oc ur ing on IEC 618 0 a pl cation or ma pin layers s ould b tran mited by a

normal IQ resp n e, i.e with typ =“res lt” an the a pro riate MMS er or code, en oded in

XML

7.5.3 Mapping of un ol cite s rvic s

With XMPP, the typical mec anism u ed to pu h information is the “mes age” stan a So the

u sol cited services are implemented as mes age stan as The direct c id element of the

stan a, As ociationContext, re resents the as ociation esta l s ed b twe n the cl ent an the

server an it contain a MMSpd element whic is the XML p ylo d of the mes age The

fol owin example s ows a mes age stan a for the Re ort service (se also example in B.3):

The XMPP arc itecture b sed on a XMPP server where IEC 618 0 cl ents an servers are

con ectin brin s some con traints but also some o p rtu ities if the presen e monitorin is

u ed This clau e recommen s that the future SCSM 8-2 s ould u e the presen e monitorin

for the implementation of the ACSI services as they are defined in IEC 618 0-7-2

There are in e d several re son wh presen e monitorin is u eful in a DER de loyment

s stem:

• As the IEC 618 0 servers an clents are not con ected to e c other, the monitoring of

the IEC 618 0 as ociation can ot oc ur by u in the TCP ke p al ve It could u e in te d

a p riodic GetNamedList or the XEP-019 : XMPP Pin However b th would have the

l mitation of detectin the dis on ection, c cl cal y rather than on event

• Dis on ection of XMPP Cl ent p er may not b detected u les a monitorin of a “si ent”

con ection oc urs

• Within the s o e of grid integration, b in aware of the presen e of DER control ers

al ows s stem management to b t er predict the actual avai a le resources, an therefore

to b t er re ct in emergen y situation

• DER control er may or may not b con ected 2 /7

• Dial-up s enario can b solved by u in the presen e monitorin of device with l mited

con ectivity – i.e inform one or several Sy tem Management s) that a resource is re dy

for an IEC 618 0 as ociation

• It al ows the Sy tem Management resp n ible for a s hed le ex han e with a device to b

notified that a DER control er / DER s stem is onlne

The detai ed u age of the presen e monitorin wi b defined in the future 618 0-8-2 SCSM

7.6 Cyber s c rity

7.6.1 Se urity with XMPP

Clau e 13, Securiy C o nside rato s of the RFC 612 sp cifies the u age of TLS an SASL:

Fig re 13.The sp cific thre ts cou tered at the tran p rt layers level, as lon as the

XMPP server is a tru ted ho , in lu e:

– Unauthorized ac es to information throu h mes age level authentication an

en ryption of the mes ages

– Unauthorized modification ( amp rin ) or thef of information throu h mes age level

authentication an en ryption of the mes ages

• An ad itional simple authentication mec anism alows the XMPP server to g arante the

identity of the con ected XMPP cl ent – se SASL in Fig re 13

IE

Figure 13 – XMPP using TL a d Simple Authe tic tion a d Se urity La er (SASL)

It a p ars that en - o-en sec rity is not g arante d by XMPP core sp cification A true

en - o-en sec rity, as displayed in Fig re 14, s ould ad itional y al ow me s res to

g arante :

• The authentication of the IEC 618 0 commu ication entities

• The confidential ty of mes age content b twe n b th IEC 618 0 commu ication entities

Figure 14 – End to e d s c rity ov r XMPP

7.6.2 Ch ic of te hnic l s lutions for s c rity

For mutual authentication, ses ion integrity an confidential ty of XMPP cl ent – server or

server – server commu ication the present SCSM wi u e TLS as sp cified in RFC 612

(XMPP Core) with TLS setin s compl ant with IEC 6 3 1-3

En - o-en authentication, integrity, an confidential ty wi b ac ieved by a plyin the MMS

sec re ses ion con e t defined in the next edition of IEC 6 3 1-4

7.7 Mapping s nthe is

Comp red to the simplfied Fig re 7, Fig re 15 brin s ad itional detais for the SCSM 8-2

stru ture:

• Regarding the IEC 618 0 standard , the SCSM 8-2 is by definition a ma pin of

IEC 618 0-7-2 an s p orts al the data defined in IEC 618 0-7-3 an IEC 618 0-7-4

Ad itional y, the SCSM 8-2 wi u e the ma pin of IEC 618 0-7-2 over MMS whic has

alre d b en defined by IEC 618 0-8-1

• XMPP is in fact defined by a set of core RFC an exten ion caled XEP Amon the thre

core RFC (612 , 6121 an 612 ), the RFC 612 an 612 sp cify the low level

mec anisms u ed to tran p rt the XER p ylo d, whie the presen e monitorin fe tures

pro osed by RFC 6121, together with the XEP 019 an XEP 019 are pro osin more

ad an ed fe tures

• The context, Data an Ab rt service an protocol layer wi b u ed to:

– Forward services sig al to ISO 9 0 (MMS) – for example to ma the ABORT service

– Provide an as ociation identifier to the MMS PDU, to al ow multiple IEC 6185

As ociation b twe n an IEC 618 0 Server an an IEC 618 0 Cl ent

– Store sec rity information – sti to b defined de en in on the next edition of

IEC 6 3 1-4

Figure 15 – Sy the is of SCSM 8-2 structure

The in omplete Ta le 4 i u trates the two levels in olved in the ma pin For e c ACSI

service of the first column, the secon column gives the XML definition res ltin from the

MMS/XER ma pin an the third column s ows how the mes ages are tran p rted over

XMPP The future IEC 618 0-8-2 wi in lu e the complete ta le for al ACSI services

fieDire tory

IQ ty e g t

IQ ty e re ult

7.8 Sy ergy with e isting 8-1 map ing

Fig re 16 i u trates the common p rts b twe n the SCSM defined resp ctively by IEC 618

0-8-1 an IEC 6185 -8-2

The u e of common layers simpl fies a d al en ironment implementation:

• For example, Fig re 17 i u trates the u e of a d al stac in the Control Center

implementation, i.e an IEC 618 0 cl ent con ected to IEC 618 0-8-1 devices located for

in tan e in Substation via a private network, an to IEC 618 0-8-2 devices l ke DERs

comp nents located in a publ c network (note that the XMPP server is not s own on the

X P 0198

X P 019

Co text, Data an Abor

ser vice an proto ol layer

IE

Fig re 16 – SCSM 8-1 a d 8-2 s nergy

X P 0198

X P 019

Context, Data an Ab r

ser vice an protocol layer

Context, Data an A bor

ser vice an pr otocol layer

IE

IEC 618 0-8-1 Serv r (Substation)

This clau e covers the services req ired for PV-Plants of al sizes: In u trial, Commercial,

Residential driven plants The plants typical y have one central p int of commu ication

commu icate

A.1.2 Arc ite ture o erview

The s stem contain protective switc es, in erters, data log ers, mete rological sen ors,

energ cou ters an other au i ary devices Arc itecture overviews for resp ctively an

in u trial an a residential plant are s own in Fig re A.1 an Fig re A.2

Scala i ty:

• Ab ut 15 dif erent L gical Nodes p r PV plant (up to 4 )

• Up to 4 actors at the same time (se A.1.3)

• Further ag regation in actor a pl cation or by aggregator (se VPP in Clau e A.7)

Pla t (In u trial)

W AN

Fa i ty

DERDER

DER

StoraField b s

infor matio of protetio

d ic a stin protetiv