NORME INTERNATIONALE CEI IEC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 61249 2 4 Première édition First edition 2001 12 Matériaux pour circuits imprimés et autres structures d''''interconnexion – Partie 2 4 Matériaux de ba[.]
Base isolante
A laminate made of surface layers reinforced with woven polyester glass fibers, featuring a core strengthened by non-woven polyester glass fibers Its flame resistance is defined according to the flammability requirements of 7.3.
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MATERIALS FOR PRINTED BOARDS AND OTHER INTERCONNECTING STRUCTURES –
Part 2-4: Reinforced base materials, clad and unclad –
Polyester non-woven/woven fibreglass laminated sheet of defined flammability (vertical burning test), copper-clad
This standard outlines the specifications for polyester woven fiberglass reinforced and non-woven fiberglass reinforced core copper-clad laminated sheets, which have defined flammability properties and thicknesses ranging from 0.80 mm to 1.60 mm.
Some property requirements may have several classes of performance The class desired must be specified on the purchase order, otherwise the default class of material will be supplied.
The referenced documents are essential for the application of this document For dated references, only the specified edition is applicable, while for undated references, the most recent edition, including any amendments, is relevant.
IEC 61189-2:1997, Test methods for electrical materials, interconnection structures and assemblies – Part 2: Test methods for materials for interconnection structures
IEC 61249-5-1:1995, Materials for interconnection structures – Part 5: Sectional specification set for conductive foils and films with or without coatings – Section 1: Copper Foil (for the manufacture of copper-clad base materials)
ISO 9000:2000, Quality management systems – Fundamentals and vocabulary
ISO 11014-1:1994, Safety data sheet for chemical products – Part 1: Content and order of sections
ISO 14001:1996, Environmental management systems – Specification with guidance for use
The sheet consists of an insulating base with metal-foil bonded to one side or both.
A laminate comprised of polyester woven fibreglass reinforced surface layers with a polyester non-woven fibreglass reinforced core Its flame resistance is defined in terms of the flammability requirements of 7.3.
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Feuille de métal
Cuivre comme spécifié dans la CEI 61249-5-1, feuille de cuivre (pour la fabrication de matériaux plaqués cuivre) Les feuilles préférentielles sont celles déposées par électrolyse et à ductilité définie.
Renforcement
Renforcement en verre E non tissé: tissu de verre de type E non tissé (pour la fabrication des matériaux de base plaqués cuivre).
Renforcement en verre E tissé: tissu de verre de type E tissé (pour la fabrication des matériaux de base plaqués cuivre).
Les prescriptions pour les propriétés électriques sont données au tableau 1.
Tableau 1 – Prescriptions pour les propriétés électriques
Résistance de la feuille 2E12 Comme spécifié dans la
Résistance superficielle après chaleur humide dans la chambre climatique (facultatif) 2E03 ≥ 1 000 M Ω
Résistivité transversale après chaleur humide dans la chambre climatique (facultatif) 2E04 ≥1 000 MΩm
Résistivité transversale après chaleur humide et reprise 2E04 ≥ 10 000 M Ω m
Facteur de dissipation après chaleur humide et reprise 2E10 ≤ 0,030
(moins de 0,5 mm d’épaisseur) 2E11 Selon accord utilisateur et fournisseur
6 Propriétés non électriques du stratifié plaqué cuivre
Aspect de la feuille plaquée cuivre
La face plaquée cuivre doit être en grande partie exempte de défauts pouvant affecter l’aptitude des matériaux à son utilisation dans le but prévu.
Pour les défauts spécifiques suivants, les prescriptions données doivent s’appliquer lorsque le contrôle est effectué conformément à la CEI 61189-2, méthode 2M18.
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Copper as specified in IEC 61249-5-1, copper foil (for the manufacture of copper-clad materials) The preferred foils are electrodeposited, of defined ductility.
Non-woven E-glass reinforcement: non-woven E-glass fabric (for the manufacture of copper- clad materials).
Woven E-glass reinforcement: woven E-glass fabric (for the manufacture of copper-clad materials).
The electrical property requirements are shown in table 1.
Resistance of foil 2E12 As specified in
Surface resistance after damp heat while in the humidity chamber (optional) 2E03 ≥ 1 000 M Ω
Volume resistivity after damp heat while in the humidity chamber (optional) 2E04 ≥ 1 000 M Ω m
Volume resistivity after damp heat and recovery 2E04 ≥ 10 000 M Ω m
Dissipation factor after damp heat and recovery 2E10 ≤ 0,030
To be agreed upon between purchaser and supplier
6 Non-electrical properties of the copper-clad laminate
6.1 Appearance of the copper-clad sheet
The copper-clad face shall be substantially free from defects that may have an impact on the materials’ fitness for use for the intended purpose.
For the following specific defects the requirements given shall apply when inspection is made in accordance with IEC 61189-2 method 2M18.
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6.1.1 Empreintes (piqûres et marques de coup)
La taille d’une empreinte, généralement sa longueur, doit être déterminée et on doit lui attribuer une valeur en points à utiliser pour mesurer la qualité.
Valeur en points pour chaque empreinte
On doit calculer le total de points pour toute zone de 300 mm × 300 mm pour déterminer la classe des matériaux.
Classe X doit faire l’objet d’un accord entre l’utilisateur et le fournisseur
La classe de matériau exigée doit être spécifiée dans l’ordre d’achat Sauf spécification contraire, c’est la classe A qui s’applique.
La surface en cuivre ne doit pas présenter de rides.
Les éraflures d’une profondeur supérieure à 20 % de l’épaisseur nominale de la feuille ne sont pas autorisées Pour les feuilles épaisses, la profondeur maximale des éraflures ne doit pas dộpasser 10 àm.
Les éraflures dont la profondeur est inférieure à 5 % de l’épaisseur nominale de la feuille ne doivent pas ờtre comptabilisộes sauf si cette profondeur est supộrieure ou ộgale à 10 àm.
Les éraflures dont la profondeur est comprise entre 5 % et 20 % de l’épaisseur nominale de la feuille sont autorisées sur une longueur de 100 mm pour une zone de 300 mm × 300 mm.
Dimpled surfaces typically result from impressions in the press plates used during manufacturing, but they can also be caused by blisters or the inclusion of foreign particles beneath the sheet.
Les zones bosselées causées par des cloques ou des inclusions ne sont pas autorisées.
Les zones bosselées qui correspondent à des impressions de défauts dans les plaques de presse sont autorisées dans les limites suivantes:
Matộriau de classe A et X: hauteur maximum 15 àm et longueur maximum 15 mm
Matộriau de classe B et C: hauteur maximum 8 àm et longueur maximum 15 mm
Matộriau de classe D: hauteur maximum 5 àm et longueur maximum 15 mm
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The size of an indentation, usually the length, shall be determined and given a point value to be used as measure of the quality.
Point value for each indentation
The total point count for any 300 mm × 300 mm area shall be calculated to determine the class of the material.
Class X to be agreed upon by user and supplier
The required class of material shall be specified in the purchase order Class A applies, unless otherwise specified.
There shall be no wrinkles in the copper surface.
Scratches deeper than 20 % of the nominal thickness of the foil are not permitted For a thick foil, the maximum scratch depth shall not exceed 10 àm.
Scratches with a depth less than 5 % of the nominal thickness of the foil shall not be counted unless this depth is 10 àm or more.
Scratches with a depth between 5 % and 20 % of the nominal thickness of the foil are permitted to a total length of 100 mm for a 300 mm × 300 mm area.
Raised areas are usually impressions in the press plates used during manufacture but may also be caused by blisters or inclusions of foreign particles under the foil.
Raised areas caused by blisters or inclusions are not permitted.
Raised areas that are impressions of defects in press plates are permitted to the following extent:
Class A and X material: maximum height 15 àm and maximum length 15 mm
Class B and C material: maximum height 8 àm and maximum length 15 mm
Class D material: maximum height 5 àm and maximum length 15 mm
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Sauf indication contraire dans l’ordre d’achat, ce sont les performances de la classe A qui doivent s’appliquer.
Aspect de la face non plaquée
The uncoated side of a sheet with only one coated face should exhibit a natural appearance resulting from the treatment, allowing for slight color irregularities The gloss of the uncoated side must reflect the finish provided by the press plate or separating sheet used Variations in gloss caused by the pressure of gases released during treatment are permissible.
Epaisseur du stratifié
The thickness of the laminate can be specified to include or exclude the copper foil as indicated in the purchase order When copper-clad laminate is tested according to the IEC 61189-2 method 2D01, its thickness must not deviate from the nominal thickness by more than the appropriate value listed in Table 2 Strict tolerances should apply unless alternative tolerances are requested.
Tableau 2 – Epaisseur nominale et tolérance des stratifiés plaqués métal
Epaisseur y compris la feuille de métal
(matériau destiné aux cartes à simple ou double face) Epaisseur nominale mm Large Serrée Très serrée
The thickness and tolerances do not apply to the outer 25 mm of the base sheet after cutting or the outer 13 mm of the panel in their manufacturing and delivery conditions by the supplier At no point should the thickness deviate from the nominal value by more than 125% of the specified tolerance.
Courbure et vrillage
Lorsque le stratifié plaqué cuivre est soumis aux essais de la méthode 2M01 de la CEI 61189-2, la courbure et le vrillage doivent être conformes à l'accord entre utilisateur et fournisseur.
Propriétés concernant l’adhérence de la feuille de cuivre
Les prescriptions de force d’arrachement et de force d’adhérence sont données au tableau 3.
Ces prescriptions s’appliquent aux feuilles de cuivre d’épaisseur normale.
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Class A performance shall be in effect unless otherwise noted on the purchase order.
6.2 Appearance of the unclad face
The unclad surface of a single-side clad sheet exhibits a natural appearance from the curing process, allowing for minor color irregularities The gloss on this surface is determined by the press plate or release foil utilized, and variations in gloss caused by gas pressure during curing are acceptable.
When ordering laminate thickness, it can be specified to include or exclude the copper foil contribution According to test method 2D01 of IEC 61189-2, the thickness of copper-clad laminate must not deviate from the nominal thickness by more than the values indicated in table 2 Fine tolerances will be enforced unless different tolerances are specified in the order.
Table 2 – Nominal thickness and tolerance of metal-clad laminate
Thickness including metal foil (material intended for single or double-sided boards) Nominal thickness mm Coarse Fine Extra fine
The thickness and tolerances are not applicable to the outer 25 mm of the trimmed master sheet or the outer 13 mm of the cut-to-size panel provided by the supplier Additionally, the thickness must not deviate from the nominal value by more than 125% of the specified tolerance.
When the copper-clad laminate is tested in accordance with test method 2M01 of IEC 61189-2, the bow and twist shall be as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier.
6.5 Properties related to the copper foil bond
Pull-off and peel strength requirements are shown in table 3 These requirements apply to copper foil with a normal profile depth.
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Tableau 3 – Prescriptions pour les forces d’arrachement et d’adhérence
Force d’arrachement 2M05 Selon accord acheteur et fournisseur
Epaisseur de la feuille de cuivre
Force d’adhérence après choc thermique de 20 s 2M14
Ni cloquage ni décollement interlaminaire
Pas de prescription Pas de prescription Force d’adhérence après chaleur sèche à 125 o C 2M15
Ni cloquage ni décollement interlaminaire
Force d’adhérence après exposition à la vapeur de solvant Solvants selon accord utilisateur et fournisseur 2M06 Pas de prescription Pas de prescription
Force d’adhérence après conditions simulées de dépôt métallique 2M16
Ni cloquage ni décollement interlaminaire Cloquage après 20 s de choc thermique 2C05 Ni cloquage ni décollement interlaminaire
In cases where there are difficulties due to sheet rupture or the measurement range of the force measurement device, high-temperature adhesion force measurements can be conducted using conductors wider than 3 mm.
Poinỗonnage et usinage
Testing methods for punching properties and their specifications are agreed upon between the buyer and the supplier The laminate must be capable of being punched, sheared, or drilled according to the manufacturer's recommendations Delamination at the edges due to the shearing process is permissible, provided that the depth of the delamination does not exceed the thickness of the base material However, delamination at the edges of drilled holes caused by the drilling process is not allowed Drilled holes must be aligned without interference from efflorescence within the hole.
Stabilité dimensionnelle
Dimensional stability requirements are outlined in Table 4 When specimens undergo testing according to IEC 61189-2 – Test 2X02, the observed tolerance must align with the specifications in Table 5 The nominal value for dimensional stability should be determined by mutual agreement between the user and the seller The tolerance range close to the agreed nominal range should be designated as Range B, unless otherwise specified in the purchase order.
Sauf indication contraire dans l’ordre d’achat, ce sont les performances de la classe A qui doivent s’appliquer.
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Table 3 – Pull-off and peel strength requirements
Pull-off strength 2M05 As agreed upon between purchaser and supplier Thickness of the copper foil
>0,5 N/mm >1,0 N/mm Peel strength after heat shock of 20 s 2M14
No requirement No requirement Peel strength after dry heat 125 o C 2M15
Peel strength after exposure to solvent vapour.
Solvents as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier
Peel strength after simulated plating 2M16
Blistering after 20 s heat shock 2C05 No blistering, no delamination
In situations where foil breakage or the reading range of the force measuring device poses challenges, it is advisable to measure peel strength at elevated temperatures using conductor widths greater than 3 mm.
Testing methods for punching properties must be mutually agreed upon by the purchaser and supplier The laminate should meet the manufacturer's specifications, ensuring it can be effectively punched, sheared, or drilled.
Delamination at the edges caused by the shearing process is acceptable as long as its depth does not exceed the thickness of the base material However, delamination at the edges of drilled holes is not allowed It is essential that drilled holes can be through-plated without any obstruction from exudations entering the hole.
Dimensional stability requirements are outlined in Table 4, with testing conducted per IEC 61189-2 – test 2X02 The observed tolerance must align with the specifications in Table 5 The nominal dimensional stability value is to be mutually agreed upon by the user and vendor, with the tolerance range set to range B unless specified differently in the purchase order.
Class A performance shall be in effect unless otherwise noted on the purchase order.
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Tableau 4 – Prescriptions de stabilité dimensionnelle
X Selon accord utilisateur et fournisseur
Tailles des feuilles
Les tailles des feuilles sont le résultat d’un accord entre l’acheteur et le fournisseur.
Cependant, on trouvera ci-dessous les tailles recommandées:
6.8.2 Tolérances pour les tailles des feuilles
La taille des feuilles livrées par le fournisseur ne doit pas différer de plus de +20/-0 mm de la taille commandée.
Panneaux découpés
A la livraison, les tailles des panneaux découpés doivent être conformes à la spécification de l’acheteur.
6.9.2 Tolérances de tailles pour panneaux découpés
For custom-cut panels according to the buyer's specifications, the length and width tolerances must adhere to those outlined in Table 5 The standard tolerances apply unless otherwise specified in the purchase specification.
La tolérance dite normale doit s’appliquer sauf indication contraire dans l’ordre d’achat.
Tableau 5 – Tolérances de tailles pour panneaux découpés
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X As agreed upon between user and supplier
Sheet sizes are matters of agreement between purchaser and supplier However the recom- mended sizes are listed below:
The size of the sheet delivered by the supplier shall not deviate more than +20/-0 mm from the ordered size.
When delivered, cut panel sizes shall be in accordance with the purchaser’s specification.
6.9.2 Size tolerances for cut panels
For custom-sized panels, the applicable tolerances for length and width are detailed in table 5 Normal tolerances will apply unless the purchasing specification states otherwise.
The tolerance labelled normal shall be in effect unless otherwise noted on the purchase order.
Table 5 – Size tolerances for cut panels
Tolerance requirement Panel size ± mm mm
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For custom-cut panels based on buyer specifications, the rectangularity tolerances outlined in Table 6 must be adhered to The standard tolerance applies unless otherwise specified in the purchase agreement.
Tableau 6 – Rectangularité des panneaux découpés
Prescription Propriété Méthode d’essai mm/m
7 Propriétés non électriques du matériau de base après retrait de la feuille de cuivre
Aspect du matériau de base diélectrique
Les éprouvettes gravées doivent être contrôlées pour vérifier qu’aucune imperfection en surface ou sous la surface du matériau diélectrique ne dépasse celles indiquées ci-dessous.
Les panneaux doivent être contrôlés en utilisant un dispositif optique fournissant un grossissement minimal de 4×.
Normal inspection should be conducted at a magnification of 10× The lighting conditions for the inspection must be suitable for the material being inspected or agreed upon between the user and the supplier.
Les imperfections en surface et sous la surface (comme zones pauvres en résine, vides, inclusions étrangères) doivent être acceptables sous réserve que les imperfections remplissent les conditions suivantes:
• les fibres de renforcement ne sont ni coupées, ni exposées;
• les inclusions étrangères ne sont pas conductrices;
• les imperfections ne se propagent pas sous l’effet des contraintes thermiques;
• les inclusions étrangères sont translucides;
• les fibres étrangères opaques font moins de 15 mm de long et ne représentent en moyenne pas plus de 1,0 par zone de 300 mm × 300 mm;
• les matériaux étrangers opaques autres que les fibres ne doivent pas dépasser 0,50 mm.
Foreign opaque inclusions smaller than 0.15 mm must be accounted for Additionally, foreign opaque inclusions ranging from 0.15 mm to 0.50 mm should not average more than two points per 300 mm × 300 mm area.
• les vides (scellés ou superficiels) ont leur dimension la plus longue inférieure à 0,30 mm et il ne doit pas y en avoir plus de 3 dans un cercle d’un diamètre de 3,5 mm.
Résistance aux flexions
Lorsque le stratifié est soumis aux essais de la méthode 2M20 de la CEI 61189-2, la résistance aux flexions doit être celle donnée au tableau 7.
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For custom-sized panels, the tolerances for rectangularity will adhere to the specifications outlined in Table 6 The standard tolerance will apply unless the purchasing specification states otherwise.
Table 6 – Rectangularity of cut panels
Requirement Property Test method mm/m
7 Non-electrical properties of the base material after removal of the copper foil
7.1 Appearance of the dielectric base material
The etched specimens will undergo inspection to ensure that surface and subsurface imperfections in the dielectric material do not exceed specified limits This inspection will be conducted using an optical aid apparatus with a minimum magnification of 4×.
Referee inspection shall be conducted at 10× magnification Lighting conditions of inspection shall be appropriate to the material under inspection or as agreed upon between user and supplier.
Surface and subsurface imperfections (such as resin starvation, voids, foreign inclusions) shall be acceptable provided that the imperfections meet the following:
• the reinforcement fibres are not cut or exposed;
• the foreign inclusions are not conductive;
• the imperfections do not propagate as a result of thermal stress;
• the foreign inclusions are translucent;
• opaque foreign fibres are less than 15 mm in length and average no more than 1,0 per
• opaque foreign materials other than fibres shall not exceed 0,50 mm Opaque foreign inclusions less than 0,15 mm shall not be counted Opaque foreign inclusions between
0,50 mm and 0,15 mm shall average no more than two spots per 300 mm × 300 mm area;
• voids (sealed voids or surface void) have their longest dimension less than 0,30 mm and do not occur more than 3 voids in a 3,5 mm diameter circle.
When the laminate is tested in accordance with test method 2M20 of IEC 61189-2, the flexural strength shall be as shown in table 7.
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Tableau 7 – Prescriptions de résistance aux flexions
Force de flexion, sens de la longueur
Inflammabilité
Lorsque le stratifié est soumis aux essais de la méthode 2C06 de la CEI 61189-2, l'inflam- mabilité doit être celle donnée au tableau 8.
Sauf indication contraire sur l’ordre d’achat, c’est la prescription de performance FV-0 qui doit s’appliquer.
Temps de combustion avec flamme après chaque application de la flamme à chaque éprouvette