IEC 61274 1 Edition 3 0 2011 11 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components – Adaptors for fibre optic connectors – Part 1 Generic specificat[.]
General
The requirements for adaptors covered by this generic specification are specified in this clause and in the detail specification.
Classification
General
Fibre optic adaptors are classified, either totally or in part, according to the following categories (see Table 1):
See Table 1 for an example of a complete adaptor set classification.
Type
Adaptor set types shall be defined by four elements: the type name, the configuration, the coupling mechanism and the mating face dimensions
Table 1 – Example of a typical adaptor classification
– Configuration: plug-adaptor-plug – Coupling: push -pull
– Mating face dimensions: plug: see Figure 2 a adaptor: see Figure 4 a
• four-hole flange mount a Indicates figures in a hypothetical detail specification.
Style
The adaptor style shall be defined by two elements: the optical coupling technology and the alignment technology
Examples of optical coupling technologies:
– physical contact (PC) or angled physical contact (APC);
Interface standard
The adaptor interface standard specifies the necessary dimensions and physical characteristics required for connecting and disconnecting a fibre optic connector with other compatible connectors or components that adhere to the same standard interface.
Variant
The adaptor variant defines the variety of structurally similar components
Examples of feature variables which create variants:
– coupling nut design (hexagonal, knurled, etc.).
Assessment level
The assessment level determines the inspection levels and acceptable quality level (AQL) for groups A and B, as well as the inspection frequency for groups C and D Detailed specifications must outline one or more assessment levels, each identified by a capital letter.
The following are preferred levels
– group A inspection: inspection level 11, AQL = 4 %
– group B inspection: inspection level 11, AQL = 4 %
– group A inspection: inspection level 11, AQL = 1 %
– group B inspection: inspection level 11, AQL = 1 %
– group A inspection: inspection level 11, AQL = 0,4 %
– group B inspection: inspection level 11, AQL = 0,4 %
Normative reference extensions
Normative reference extensions are used to identify integration of independent standard specifications or other reference documents into blank detail specifications
Additional requirements from an extension are mandatory unless specified otherwise These requirements are mainly designed to combine related components into hybrid devices or to address integrated functional applications that require technical expertise beyond fiber optics.
Published reference documents from the ITU that align with the relevant IEC specifications can serve as extensions Additionally, documents from other regional standardization organizations, including ANSI, CENELEC, JIS, and DIN, may be included in an informative annex to the generic specification.
In the event of conflicting requirements, precedence shall be given, in descending order, as follows: generic over mandatory extension, over blank detail, over detail, over application specific extension
Examples of optical adaptor C extensions include:
– using IEC 61754-2 and IEC 61754-4 to partially define a future specification within the
IEC 60874 series for a duplex type “SC/BFOC/2,5” hybrid connector adaptor;
– using IEC 61754-13 to partially define a future specification within the IEC 60874 series for an integrated type “FC” preset attenuated optical adaptor;
Other examples of requirements in normative extensions:
– some commercial or residential building applications may require direct reference to specific safety codes and regulations, or incorporate other specific material flammability or toxicity requirements for specialised locations;
Specialized field tooling may necessitate extensions to ensure compliance with ocular safety, electrical shock, and burn hazard avoidance standards Additionally, isolation procedures may be required to mitigate the risk of igniting combustible gases.
Documentation
Symbols
Graphical and letter symbols shall, whenever possible, be taken from IEC 60027, IEC 60617 and IEC 61930.
Specification system
This specification is part of a three-level IEC specification system Subsidiary specifications shall consist of blank detail specifications and detail specifications This system is shown in
Table 2 – Three-level specification structure
Specification level Examples of information to be included Applicable to
– Assessment system rules – Inspection rules
– Optical measurement methods – Environmental test methods – Sampling plans
Basic – Marking standards Two or more component families or subfamilies
– Interface dimensions – Dimensional standards – Terminology
– Symbol standards – Preferred number series – SI units
– Specific terminology – Specific symbols – Specific units – Preferred values
– Quality assessment procedures – Selection test
– Qualification approval procedures – Capability approval procedure – Quality conformation test schedule
Groups of types having a common test schedule
– Information common to a number of types
Detail – Specific information Individual type
– Completed quality conformance test schedules a Blank detail specifications do not, by themselves, constitute a specification level They are associated to the generic specification
A blank detail specification shall contain:
– the minimum mandatory test schedules and performance requirements;
– one or more assessment levels;
– the preferred format for stating the required information in the detail specification;
– in the case of hybrid components, including connectors, addition of appropriate entry fields to show the reference normative document, document title and issue date
Detail specifications shall specify the following as a minimum:
– part identification number for each variant (see 4.8.1);
– drawings, dimensions and performance criteria necessary to produce all required reference components (see 4.3.3);
– drawings and dimensions necessary to produce all required gauges (see 4.3.3);
Drawings
The drawings and dimensions given in detail specifications shall not restrict the details of construction nor shall they be used as manufacturing drawings
This specification mandates the use of either first angle or third angle projection for all drawings in the documents Consistency is key, as all drawings within a document must adhere to the same projection system, which should be clearly indicated on each drawing.
All dimensions shall be given in accordance with ISO 129, ISO 286-1 and ISO 1101
The metric system shall be used in all specifications
Dimensions shall not contain more than five significant digits
When units are converted, a note shall be added in each detail specification
The requirements for mechanical intermateability are defined in the interface standard series
The requirements for optical intermateability are defined in the optical interface standard series IEC 61755.
Performance
The performance requirements for fibre optic adaptors are defined in the performance standard series IEC 61753.
Measurements
The size measurement method to be used shall be specified in the specification for dimensions which are specified within a total tolerance zone of 0,01 mm or less
Reference components, if required, shall be specified in the relevant specification
Gauges, if required, shall be specified in the relevant specification.
Test reports
Test reports shall be prepared for each test conducted The reports shall be included in the qualification approval report and in the periodic inspection report
Test reports shall contain the following information as a minimum:
– title of test and date;
– specimen description, including the type of fibre The description shall also include the variant identification number (see 4.8.1);
– test equipment used and date of latest calibration;
– all measurement values and observations;
– sufficiently detailed documentation to provide traceable information for failure analysis.
Instructions for use
Instructions for use shall be given by the manufacturer and shall consist of:
Standardization system
Interface standards
Interface standards are crucial for both manufacturers and users, as they outline the necessary information to ensure products are made and used according to specified physical characteristics These standards comprehensively define the dimensions and features required for the proper connection and disconnection of optical fiber connectors and related components Additionally, they establish the positioning of the optical datum target in relation to other reference data when applicable.
Interface standards ensure that connectors and adaptors complying with the standard fit together The standards may also contain tolerance grades for ferrules and alignment devices
Tolerance grades are used to provide different levels of alignment precision
The interface dimensions are essential for designing compatible components, such as an active device mount that aligns with the adaptor By utilizing these dimensions alongside those of a standard plug, designers can ensure that standard plugs will seamlessly fit into the optical device mount.
They also provide the location of the plug optical datum target
Standard interface dimensions ensure proper adaptor mating but do not inherently guarantee optical performance Compliance with the optical interface standard series is essential for achieving optimal performance Products adhering to the same or different manufacturing specifications that utilize the same standard interface will fit together seamlessly Individual manufacturers can only assure performance for products produced under the same manufacturing specification While a certain level of performance can be anticipated when combining products from different specifications, it is important to note that this performance will not exceed that of the lowest specified standard.
Performance standards
Performance standards consist of specific tests and measurements, which may be organized into a defined schedule based on the standard's requirements These tests are designed to be conducted once to demonstrate a product's compliance with performance standards Each standard features a unique combination of tests, severities, and groupings, reflecting the needs of a particular market sector, user group, or system location.
A product that meets all performance standard requirements can be declared compliant, but it must be monitored through a quality assurance and quality conformance program.
The performance standards emphasize the importance of selecting appropriate tests and severities from measurement standards to ensure inter-product compatibility, particularly concerning attenuation and return loss Each product's compliance with these standards will be rigorously verified.
Optical interface standards
An optical interface standard encompasses the essential physical and mechanical requirements needed to meet the optical functionality specifications for a defined connection between two optical fibers It focuses on critical features that impact optical attenuation and return loss performance when the fibers are mated The standard specifies the positioning of the fiber core relative to a datum target, along with key parameters such as lateral offset, end face separation, end face angle, and the condition of the end face high index layer Additionally, it outlines standardized testing methods where applicable.
Each interface provides crucial information that guarantees products meeting the standard will consistently operate together at a specified level of optical performance, eliminating the necessity for compatibility testing or verification.
The two basic performance parameters that characterise the optical interface are attenuation and return loss Each parameter places different physical constraints on the optical interface
Environmental conditions significantly influence the performance of optical interfaces, necessitating the establishment of specific physical and mechanical requirements This ensures that the specified performance is upheld even under the extreme conditions outlined in relevant performance standards.
The manufacturing materials and processes significantly influence the optical interface, prompting the standard to enable manufacturers to showcase compliance while allowing for maximum differentiation The IEC 61755 series, particularly Part 3 documents, outlines the relationship and suitability of specified materials for various performance categories defined in IEC 61753-1 For instance, zirconia ferrule material is suitable for all environmental categories, whereas the polymer material designated for certain rectangular ferrules may only be applicable to category C.
Optical interface standards establish specific conditions that must be upheld to ensure optimal attenuation and return loss performance in randomly mated pairs of identical fiber types.
Reliability documentation
Reliability documentation is intended to ensure that a component can meet performance specifications under stated conditions for a stated time period
For each type of component, the following should be identified (and appear in the reliability documentation):
– failure modes (observable general mechanical or optical effects of failure);
– failure mechanisms (general causes of failure, common to several components);
– failure effects (detailed causes of failure, specific to the component)
These are all related to environmental and material aspects
After manufacturing, components enter an "infant mortality phase" where many may fail if deployed immediately To prevent early failures in the field, a screening process is conducted in the factory, exposing components to environmental stresses such as mechanical, thermal, or humidity-related factors This process accelerates known failure mechanisms in a controlled environment, allowing for early detection of potential issues before components are used in the field.
(and are then sold), there is a reduced failure rate, since these failure mechanisms have been eliminated
Screening is an optional aspect of manufacturing that does not influence the useful life of a component, which is the duration it operates according to specifications Over time, various failure mechanisms emerge, leading to an increase in the failure rate beyond a defined threshold Once this threshold is surpassed, the useful life concludes, and the component enters the wear-out region, necessitating its replacement.
At the start of a component's useful life, performance testing is conducted by the supplier, manufacturer, or a third party to verify that it meets performance specifications across various intended environments In contrast, reliability testing ensures that the component adheres to performance standards for a defined minimum useful lifetime or a maximum failure rate This testing typically involves performance assessments with extended duration and increased severity to expedite the failure mechanisms.
Reliability theory connects the testing of component reliability to their parameters and the associated lifetime or failure rate during testing This theory allows for the extrapolation of these parameters to predict lifetime or failure rates under less demanding service conditions Reliability specifications outline the necessary values of component parameters to guarantee a minimum lifetime or a maximum failure rate during operation.
Interlinking
The standards for fibre optic connectors are illustrated in Figure 1, highlighting the extensive array of existing test and measurement standards Additionally, the quality assurance and qualification approval standards established by the IECQ have been in effect for many years, ensuring reliability and performance in the industry.
Table 3 outlines various options for product standardization concerning interface, performance, optical interface, and reliability documentation, highlighting the available choices once all standards are established.
Product A is fully IEC standardized, having a standard interface and meeting defined optical interface performance and reliability requirements
Product B is a product with a proprietary interface, but which meets defined IEC optical interface, performance and reliability requirements
Product C is a product with a proprietary interface, which meets defined IEC optical interface and performance standards but does not comply with reliability documentation
Product D is a product which complies with an IEC standard interface which complies with the
IEC optical interface standard but does not meet the requirements of either an IEC performance standard or reliability document
Product E is a product which complies with both an IEC standard interface and a performance standard, but does not meet the optical interface or reliability requirements
The matrix is more intricate than the one presented in Table 3, as it allows for the cross-referencing of various interface, performance, and reliability documents Furthermore, all products may be included in a quality assurance program that could be implemented under specific guidelines.
IEC approval, or even under a national or company quality assurance system
Test and measurement Interface Optical interface Performance Reliability Quality
(IEC60068-XX) IEC 61754-XX IEC 61755-XX IEC 61753-XX IEC 62005-XX QC 001002-3
Figure 1 – Standardization structure Table 3 – Standards interlink matrix
Standard Performance standard Reliability documentation
Product A YES YES YES YES
Product B NO YES YES YES
Product C NO YES YES NO
Product D YES YES NO NO
Product E YES NO YES NO
Design and construction
Materials
All materials used in the construction of an adaptor should be corrosion resistant or suitably finished to meet the requirements of the relevant document
When non-flammable materials are required, the requirement shall be specified in the specification and IEC 60695-11-5 shall be referenced.
Workmanship
Adoptors and associated hardware shall be manufactured to a uniform quality and shall be free of sharp edges, burrs or other defects liable to affect life, serviceability or appearance
Particular attention shall be given to neatness and thoroughness of marking, plating, soldering, bonding, etc.
Quality
Adaptor components shall be controlled by an appropriate quality assessment procedure The measurement and test procedures of the IEC 61300 standards shall be used, as applicable, for quality assessment.
Performance
Adaptors shall meet the performance requirements specified in the relevant specification.
Identification and marking
Variant identification number
Each variant in a detail specification is assigned a unique identification number, which includes the detail specification number, a four-digit dash number, and a letter indicating the assessment level The first digit of the dash number is sequentially assigned to each component type, while the last three digits are sequentially assigned to each variant of that component.
Component marking
All components, associated hardware, and packages must be permanently and clearly marked as specified The recommended marking order includes: a) the manufacturer's identification mark, b) the manufacturing date code, c) the manufacturer's part number, and d) the variant identification number.
Package marking
Package marking requirements should be detailed in the relevant documentation, following a preferred order: a) manufacturer's identification mark, b) manufacturer's part number, c) manufacturing date code (year/week as per ISO 8601), d) variant identification number(s), e) type name, f) assessment level, and g) any additional markings specified in the detail specification.
Individual unit packages must be labeled with the reference number of the certified record of released lots, the manufacturer's factory identity code, and the component identification when applicable.
Packaging
Packages shall include instructions for use when required by the specification (see 4.2.7).
Storage conditions
Manufacturers must label short-term degradable materials, like adhesives included with connector parts, with an expiry date (year and week numbers as per ISO 8601) and provide any necessary safety precautions or environmental storage conditions.
Safety
Optical fibre connectors, when used on an optical fibre transmission system and/or equipment, may emit potentially hazardous radiation from an uncapped or unterminated output port or fibre end
The connector manufacturers shall make available sufficient information to alert system designers and connector users about the potential hazard and shall indicate the required precautions and working practices
In addition, each detail specification shall include the following:
When handling small diameter fibers, it is crucial to exercise caution to avoid skin punctures, particularly around the eyes It is advised against directly viewing the end of an optical fiber or connector while it is transmitting energy, unless safety assurance regarding the energy output level has been confirmed.
Reference shall be made to IEC 60825-1, the relevant document on safety
IEC 60874 (all parts), Connectors for optical fibres and cables
IEC 60410, Sampling plans and procedures for inspection by attributes
IEC 61274-1-1, Adaptors for optical fibres and cables – Part 1-1: Blank detail specification
IEC Guide 102: Electronic components – Specification structures for quality assessment
(Qualification approval and capability approval)
Figure 1 – Structure de la normalisation 42
Tableau 1 – Exemple de classification typique d’un raccord 33
Tableau 2 – Structure de spécifications à trois niveaux 36
Tableau 3 – Matrice de combinaison des normes 42
ET COMPOSANTS PASSIFS À FIBRES OPTIQUES – RACCORDS DE CONNECTEURS DE FIBRES OPTIQUES –
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a global standards organization comprising national electrotechnical committees Its primary goal is to promote international cooperation in standardization within the fields of electricity and electronics To achieve this, the IEC publishes international standards, technical specifications, technical reports, publicly accessible specifications (PAS), and guides, collectively referred to as "IEC Publications." The development of these publications is entrusted to study committees, which allow participation from any interested national committee Additionally, international, governmental, and non-governmental organizations collaborate with the IEC in its work The IEC also works closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) under conditions established by an agreement between the two organizations.
Official decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters aim to establish an international consensus on the topics under consideration, as each study committee includes representatives from the relevant national IEC committees.
The IEC publications are issued as international recommendations and are approved by the national committees of the IEC While the IEC makes every reasonable effort to ensure the technical accuracy of its publications, it cannot be held responsible for any misuse or misinterpretation by end users.
To promote international consistency, the national committees of the IEC commit to transparently applying IEC publications in their national and regional documents as much as possible Any discrepancies between IEC publications and corresponding national or regional publications must be clearly stated in the latter.
The IEC does not issue any conformity certificates itself Instead, independent certification bodies offer conformity assessment services and, in certain sectors, utilize IEC conformity marks The IEC is not responsible for any services provided by these independent certification organizations.
6) Tous les utilisateurs doivent s'assurer qu'ils sont en possession de la dernière édition de cette publication
The IEC and its administrators, employees, agents, including specialized experts and members of its study committees and national committees, shall not be held liable for any injuries, damages, or losses of any kind, whether direct or indirect This includes any costs, such as legal fees, arising from the publication or use of this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publication, or from the credit attributed to it.
8) L'attention est attirée sur les références normatives citées dans cette publication L'utilisation de publications référencées est obligatoire pour une application correcte de la présente publication
Attention is drawn to the fact that some elements of this IEC publication may be subject to patent rights The IEC cannot be held responsible for failing to identify such patent rights or for not reporting their existence.
La Norme internationale CEI 61274-1 a été établie par le sous-comité 86B: Dispositifs d'interconnexion et composants passifs à fibres optiques, du comité d'études 86 de la CEI:
This third edition supersedes the second edition published in 2007 and serves as a technical revision Key technical updates compared to the previous edition include the removal of the quality assurance procedure, the addition of the definition for the configuration base sheet, a revision of the diagram relating to the correspondence between the IEC 60874, IEC 61753, and IEC 61754 standards, and an update of the normative references.
Le texte de cette norme est issu des documents suivants:
Le rapport de vote indiqué dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute information sur le vote ayant abouti à l'approbation de cette norme
Cette publication a été rédigée selon les Directives ISO/CEI, Partie 2
Une liste de toutes les parties de la série CEI 61314, présentées sous le titre général
Dispositifs d'interconnexion et composants passifs à fibres optiques – Raccords de connecteurs de fibres optiques peut être consultée sur le site web de la CEI
The committee has determined that the content of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date specified on the IEC website at "http://webstore.iec.ch" in relation to the sought publication On that date, the publication will be updated.
• remplacée par une édition révisée, ou
La présente partie de la CEI 61274 est divisée en quatre articles
Les Articles 1, 2 et 3 contiennent des informations générales relatives à la présente spécification générique
Article 4, titled "Requirements," outlines all the criteria that must be met by the fittings covered by this standard This includes requirements for classification, IEC specification structure, documentation, materials, execution, quality, performance, identification, and packaging.
NOTE Les Articles 1 à 4 s’appliquent d’une manière générale à toutes les normes relatives aux raccords
ET COMPOSANTS PASSIFS À FIBRES OPTIQUES – RACCORDS DE CONNECTEURS DE FIBRES OPTIQUES –
La présente partie de la CEI 61274 s’applique aux raccords de fibres optiques pour tout type, toute dimension et toute structure de connecteurs à fibres optiques Elle comprend:
– les exigences relatives aux raccords;
– les procédures d’assurance de la qualité
Cette norme ne comprend pas les procédures de mesure et d’essais, ces dernières étant décrites dans la série de normes CEI 61300
The following reference documents are essential for the application of this document For dated references, only the cited edition is applicable For undated references, the latest edition of the reference document applies, including any amendments.
CEI 60027 (toutes les parties), Symboles littéraux à utiliser en électrotechnique
CEI 60050-731, Vocabulaire Electrotechnique International – Chapitre 731:
CEI 60617, Symboles graphiques pour schémas
CEI 60695-11-5, Essais relatifs aux risques du feu – Partie 11-5 Flammes d'essai – Méthode d'essai au brûleur-aiguille – Appareillage, dispositif d'essai de vérification et lignes directrices
CEI 60825-1, Sécurité des appareils à laser – Partie 1: Classification des matériels et prescriptions
CEI 61300 (toutes les parties), Dispositifs d'interconnexion et composants passifs à fibres optiques – Méthodes fondamentales d'essais et de mesures
CEI 61753 (toutes les parties), Norme de qualité de fonctionnement des dispositifs d'interconnexion et composants passifs à fibres optiques
CEI 61753-1: Dispositifs d’interconnexion et composants passifs à fibres optiques – Partie 1:
Généralités et lignes directrices pour les normes de qualité de fonctionnement
CEI 61754 (toutes les parties), Interfaces de connecteurs pour fibres optiques
CEI 61755 (toutes les parties), Interfaces optiques de connecteurs pour fibres optiques
CEI/TR 61930: Symbologie des graphiques de fibres optiques
CEI/TR 61931: Fibres optiques – Terminologie
ISO 129, Dessins techniques – Indication des dimensions et tolérances – Partie 1: Principes généraux
ISO 286-1: Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) – Système de codification ISO pour les tolérances sur les tailles linéaires – Partie 1: Base des tolérances, écarts et ajustements
ISO 1101: Spécifications géométriques des produits – Tolérance géométrique – Tolérances de forme, d’orientation, position et battement
ISO 8601: Eléments de données et formats d’échange – Echange d’information –
Représentation de la date et de l’heure
Pour les besoins de la présente partie de la CEI 61274, les définitions de la CEI 60050-731 et de la CEI 61931 ainsi que les définitions suivantes s’appliquent
3.1 raccord composant dans lequel deux ou plusieurs férules sont alignées
Alignment pins are cylindrical rods used for aligning certain types of connectors Typically used in pairs, they are inserted into specific guide holes in both plugs, usually for multi-fiber connectors, to achieve proper alignment.
3.3 connecteur (optique) de type APC connecteur avec une férule à face terminale convexe avec angle, capable de réaliser un contact physique à angle entre les fibres
3.4 couplage optique en butée couplage dans lequel les ports optiques sont en contact les uns avec les autres
3.5 couplage optique à faisceau expansé couplage dans lequel les ports optiques utilisent une technologie à lentilles
3.6 férule partie constituante de la fiche maintenant la fibre, généralement alignée dans le manchon d’un raccord Elle maintient l’(les) extrémité(s) d’une seule ou de plusieurs fibres optiques
Completely compatible connector sets are those where components from different sources can couple without mechanical damage, while maintaining specified optical properties.
Interchangeable connector games are defined by their identical fastening methods and dimensions, as well as their equivalent functional performance.
3.9 dimension des faces d’accouplement dimensions des éléments qui déterminent l'ajustement de l’accouplement entre les composants d’un jeu de connecteurs optiques