Microsoft Word 68 2 74F DOC NORME INTERNATIONALE CEI IEC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 60068 2 74 Première édition First edition 1999 06 Essais d''''environnement – Partie 2 Essais – Essai Xc Contamination par[.]
Spécification du fluide d’essai
The specific specification (refer to Article 12) must detail the required test fluids, which should, whenever possible, be selected from the list provided in Table 1 Each fluid has been identified as representative of a group of fluids (see Article A.2).
La spécification particulière doit également spécifier tout fluide complémentaire non mentionné dans le tableau 1 pour lequel un essai est nécessaire.
Précaution
Given that many fluids can have a flash point within the testing temperature range, it is advisable to ensure that appropriate safety measures are implemented to minimize the risk of fire or explosion.
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Part 2: Tests – Test Xc: Fluid contamination
IEC 60068 outlines a standardized testing method to evaluate the resilience of components, equipment, or their materials—collectively referred to as specimens—against accidental fluid contact, ensuring they remain unaffected to an acceptable degree.
The fluids mentioned in IEC 60068 are typical of those found in operational applications, but it is not required for a specimen to be tested with all or any of them The list is not exhaustive; any relevant fluids not included should be specified for testing Annex A provides guidance on selecting appropriate test fluids, specimens, and severities.
These tests do not assess the ability of components or equipment to function effectively in continuous contact with fluids, such as an immersed fuel pump, nor do they evaluate resistance to electrolytic corrosion.
This section of IEC 60068 references several normative documents that are integral to its provisions For documents with specific dates, any amendments or revisions that occur afterward are not applicable However, it is advisable for parties involved in agreements related to this part of IEC 60068 to consider using the latest editions of the referenced normative documents In the case of undated references, the most recent edition of the cited document is applicable Additionally, both IEC and ISO keep updated registers of valid International Standards.
ISO 1817:1985, Rubber, vulcanized – Determination of the effect of liquids
The relevant specification outlined in clause 12 will detail the necessary test fluids, which should ideally be chosen from the list in table 1 Each fluid is identified as representative of a specific group of fluids, as referenced in clause A.2.
The relevant specification shall also specify any additional fluids not listed in table 1 for which a test is required.
When testing fluids with potential flash points in the temperature range, it is crucial to implement proper safety measures to minimize the risk of fire or explosion.
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Certain fluids can be toxic, either alone or in combination with other fluids or specimens It is essential to pay close attention to this possibility before commencing any tests Consulting a health and safety expert is strongly recommended.
Tableau 1 – Groupes des principaux fluides contaminants et fluides d’essai
Groupe de fluide contaminant Référence du fluide d’essai
A base de silicone (e) Silicone de diméthyle, 10 mm 2 /s (cSt) à 25 °C
Solvants et fluides de nettoyage (h) Isopropanol (alcool isopropylique) 50 3)
Fluides de dégivrage et antigels (k) Ethanol inhibé (éthylène glycol) avec une fraction volumique de 80 % dans l’eau
(l) Ethanol inhibé (éthylène glycol) avec une fraction volumique de 50 % dans l’eau
Dégivreurs de pistes (m) 25 % urée/25 % éthanediol (éthylène glycol) dans l’eau 4)
(n) 50 % acétate de potassium inhibé dans l’eau 4) 23
Insecticides (o) A base de pyréthrum dichloros, solution à 2 % dans le kérosène
(p) Solution à 2 % de D-phénothrin dans le kérosène 23
Fluide diélectrique de refroidissement (voir A.2.9)
Fluides de lutte contre les incendies
Whenever possible, the specified fluid is defined by an international standard or described by its chemical components In some instances, a NATO identification is preferred over a commercial identification Referring to relevant commercial documents can align a NATO reference with fluids available in the market.
2) Se reporter aux articles 8, 9, 10 et A.7.
3) Cette température dépasse la température critique de point d’éclair Il convient de prendre l’avis d’un expert pour la réalisation de cet essai.
4) OTAN H-515 peut être utilisé comme alternative si on le désire.
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Certain fluids, whether alone or mixed with other substances or specimens, can be toxic It is essential to consider this risk prior to starting any tests Consulting a health and safety expert is highly recommended.
Table 1 – Major contaminant fluid groups and test fluids
Contaminant fluid group Test fluid reference
Fuels Kerosene (turbine) (a) ISO 1817 test liquid F 70 3)
Gasoline (piston engine) (b) ISO 1817 test liquid B 40 3)
Mineral oil based (c) NATO H-520; (OM18) 4) 70
Silicone based (e) Dimethyl silicone, 10 mm 2 /s (cSt) at 25 °C
Ester based (synthetic) (g) ISO 1817 test liquid 101 150
Solvents and cleaning fluids (h) Propan-2-ol (isopropyl alcohol) 50 3)
De-icing and anti-freeze fluids (k) Inhibited ethanediol (ethylene glycol) with a volume fraction of 80 % in water
(l) Inhibited ethanediol (ethylene glycol) with a volume fraction of 50 % in water
Runway de-icers (m) 25 % urea/25 % ethanediol (ethylene glycol) in water 4)
(n) 50 % inhibited potassium acetate in water 4) 23
Insecticides (o) Dichlorvos (DDVP) pyrethrum based,
Coolant dielectric fluid (see A.2.9) (q) Coolanol 25R 70
Fire extinguishants (r) Fluorochemical foam (rapid intervention) 23
The fluids mentioned are identified according to International Standards or detailed by their chemical components, with NATO identifications utilized over commercial names when applicable.
Reference to relevant commercial literature can correlate the NATO number with commercially available fluid(s).
3) This temperature exceeds the critical flash point temperature Expert advice should be taken on the conduct of the test.
4) NATO H-515 may be used as an alternative if desired.
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4.1 Le spécimen doit être : a) soit un équipement; b) soit un composant.
When the size or availability of equipment does not allow for a complete test, it is permissible to use a specific selection of materials, finishes, and components of the equipment that have been specially chosen as a specimen.
NOTE 2 – Il est recommandé que, dans la mesure du possible, les spécimens de matériaux ou finitions aient une surface minimale de 20 cm 2
4.2 La spécification particulière doit spécifier le nombre et le type des spécimens à soumettre aux essais (Voir article A.4.)
Nettoyage initial
Unless otherwise specified in the particular specification, the specimen must be thoroughly cleaned to remove unrepresentative coatings such as preservatives, greases, or contaminants (See Article A.5.)
Nettoyage intermédiaire
Si des essais séquentiels sont nécessaires, la spécification particulière doit spécifier toute méthode de nettoyage nécessaire.
NOTE – Il est essentiel de choisir les méthodes et fluides de nettoyage de manière à ce qu'ils n'affectent pas le spécimen.
Specification of test fluid
The relevant specification outlined in clause 12 will detail the necessary test fluids, which should ideally be chosen from the list in table 1 Each fluid is identified as representative of a specific group of fluids, as referenced in clause A.2.
The relevant specification shall also specify any additional fluids not listed in table 1 for which a test is required.
Precaution
When testing fluids with potential flash points in the temperature range, it is crucial to implement proper safety measures to minimize the risk of fire or explosion.
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Some fluids can be toxic, either alone or in combination with other fluids or specimens It is essential to pay close attention to this possibility before starting any tests Consulting a health and safety expert is strongly recommended.
Tableau 1 – Groupes des principaux fluides contaminants et fluides d’essai
Groupe de fluide contaminant Référence du fluide d’essai
A base de silicone (e) Silicone de diméthyle, 10 mm 2 /s (cSt) à 25 °C
Solvants et fluides de nettoyage (h) Isopropanol (alcool isopropylique) 50 3)
Fluides de dégivrage et antigels (k) Ethanol inhibé (éthylène glycol) avec une fraction volumique de 80 % dans l’eau
(l) Ethanol inhibé (éthylène glycol) avec une fraction volumique de 50 % dans l’eau
Dégivreurs de pistes (m) 25 % urée/25 % éthanediol (éthylène glycol) dans l’eau 4)
(n) 50 % acétate de potassium inhibé dans l’eau 4) 23
Insecticides (o) A base de pyréthrum dichloros, solution à 2 % dans le kérosène
(p) Solution à 2 % de D-phénothrin dans le kérosène 23
Fluide diélectrique de refroidissement (voir A.2.9)
Fluides de lutte contre les incendies
Whenever possible, the specified fluid is defined by an international standard or described by its chemical components In some instances, a NATO identification is preferred over a commercial identification Referring to relevant commercial documents can align a NATO reference with fluids available in the market.
2) Se reporter aux articles 8, 9, 10 et A.7.
3) Cette température dépasse la température critique de point d’éclair Il convient de prendre l’avis d’un expert pour la réalisation de cet essai.
4) OTAN H-515 peut être utilisé comme alternative si on le désire.
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Certain fluids, whether alone or mixed with other substances or specimens, can be toxic It is essential to consider this risk prior to starting any tests, and consulting a health and safety expert is highly recommended.
Table 1 – Major contaminant fluid groups and test fluids
Contaminant fluid group Test fluid reference
Fuels Kerosene (turbine) (a) ISO 1817 test liquid F 70 3)
Gasoline (piston engine) (b) ISO 1817 test liquid B 40 3)
Mineral oil based (c) NATO H-520; (OM18) 4) 70
Silicone based (e) Dimethyl silicone, 10 mm 2 /s (cSt) at 25 °C
Ester based (synthetic) (g) ISO 1817 test liquid 101 150
Solvents and cleaning fluids (h) Propan-2-ol (isopropyl alcohol) 50 3)
De-icing and anti-freeze fluids (k) Inhibited ethanediol (ethylene glycol) with a volume fraction of 80 % in water
(l) Inhibited ethanediol (ethylene glycol) with a volume fraction of 50 % in water
Runway de-icers (m) 25 % urea/25 % ethanediol (ethylene glycol) in water 4)
(n) 50 % inhibited potassium acetate in water 4) 23
Insecticides (o) Dichlorvos (DDVP) pyrethrum based,
Coolant dielectric fluid (see A.2.9) (q) Coolanol 25R 70
Fire extinguishants (r) Fluorochemical foam (rapid intervention) 23
The fluids mentioned are identified according to International Standards or detailed by their chemical components, with NATO identifications utilized over commercial names when applicable.
Reference to relevant commercial literature can correlate the NATO number with commercially available fluid(s).
3) This temperature exceeds the critical flash point temperature Expert advice should be taken on the conduct of the test.
4) NATO H-515 may be used as an alternative if desired.
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4.1 Le spécimen doit être : a) soit un équipement; b) soit un composant.
When the size or availability of equipment does not allow for a complete test, it is permissible to use a specific selection of materials, finishes, and components of the equipment that have been specially chosen as a specimen.
NOTE 2 – Il est recommandé que, dans la mesure du possible, les spécimens de matériaux ou finitions aient une surface minimale de 20 cm 2
4.2 La spécification particulière doit spécifier le nombre et le type des spécimens à soumettre aux essais (Voir article A.4.)
Unless otherwise specified in the particular specification, the specimen must be thoroughly cleaned to remove unrepresentative coatings such as preservatives, greases, or contaminants (See Article A.5.)
Si des essais séquentiels sont nécessaires, la spécification particulière doit spécifier toute méthode de nettoyage nécessaire.
NOTE – Il est essentiel de choisir les méthodes et fluides de nettoyage de manière à ce qu'ils n'affectent pas le spécimen.
La spécification particulière doit spécifier toute méthode de nettoyage nécessaire avant l'examen final (Voir article A.5.)
6.1 Le spécimen doit être examiné visuellement à la suite du nettoyage initial, le cas échéant, on doit enregistrer sa condition.
6.2 La spécification particulière doit spécifier toute mesure ou tout essai nécessaires (Voir article A.6.)
Three testing methods are outlined in Articles 8 to 10 The specific specification must detail the test or tests to be used and the sequence of test fluids if a sequential test is required (Refer to Article A.7.)
NOTE – Si un essai séquentiel est spécifié, il convient de prendre soin d'éviter tout effet synergique.
The specific specification must indicate whether the specimen should be connected electrically or mechanically, and if necessary, whether it should operate before, during, or after the procedure Additionally, the operating parameters must be defined If an initial operational test is required, it should be conducted following the initial examination.
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4.1 The specimen shall be either: a) an equipment; or b) a component
In cases where the size or availability of equipment restricts a complete test, a carefully chosen sample of the materials, finishes, and components utilized in the equipment may serve as a representative specimen.
NOTE 2 – Specimens for materials or finishes should have a minimum surface area where possible of 20 cm 2
4.2 The relevant specification shall specify the number and type of specimens to be tested.
Initial cleaning
Unless otherwise specified in the relevant specification the specimen shall be thoroughly cleaned to remove unrepresentative coatings, for example preservatives, grease or contaminants (See clause A.5.)
Intermediate cleaning
If sequential testing is required, the relevant specification shall specify any necessary cleaning method.
NOTE – It is essential that cleaning methods and cleaning fluids are chosen such that they do not affect the specimen.
Final cleaning
The relevant specification shall specify any necessary cleaning method prior to final examination (See clause A.5.)
6.1 The specimen shall be visually examined following initial cleaning, if required, and its condition recorded.
6.2 The relevant specification shall specify any measurements or tests required (See clause
Three test procedures are outlined in clauses 8 to 10, with the relevant specification detailing the specific tests to be conducted and the sequence of test fluids if sequential testing is necessary (refer to clause A.7).
NOTE – If sequential testing is specified care should be taken that there are no synergistic effects.
The relevant specification must indicate whether the specimen should be connected electrically or mechanically Additionally, it should define the operating parameters if the specimen is required to function before, during, or after the procedure If an initial operating test is mandated, it must be conducted after the initial examination.
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8.1 Monter le spécimen selon sa configuration normale de fonctionnement et le maintenir à la température de la pièce ou à celle spécifiée par la spécification particulière.
Immerse the specimen in the specified fluid or apply it by brushing or spraying, ensuring the fluid is maintained at the test temperature indicated in Table 1 or as specified in the particular specification It is essential to ensure that the specimen is thoroughly wetted on all surfaces Allow the sample to drain naturally for 5 to 10 minutes; shaking or wiping is not permitted.
Place the specimen in a suitable test chamber in its normal operating configuration, if necessary, and maintain the test temperature for the duration specified in the particular specification In the absence of a specification, the parameters should be
8.4 A la fin de cette période, laisser refroidir le spécimen à la température de la pièce avant de le soumettre à l'examen final.
8.5 Répéter cette procédure selon la spécification particulière si celle-ci l'exige.
9.1 Monter le spécimen selon sa configuration normale de fonctionnement et le maintenir à la température de la pièce ou à celle spécifiée par la spécification particulière.
Immerse the specimen in the specified fluid or apply it by brushing or spraying, ensuring the fluid is maintained at the test temperature indicated in Table 1 or as specified in the particular specification It is essential to ensure that the specimen is thoroughly wetted on all surfaces Repeat this procedure as necessary to keep all surfaces of the specimen wet for the duration prescribed in the particular specification.
If the duration is not specified, it should consist of three cycles of 24 hours ± 1 hour each Each cycle must include 8 hours ± 0.5 hours in a fully wet state, followed by a draining period of 16 hours ± 0.5 hours at room temperature, during which no additional wetting should occur.
9.3 Transférer le spécimen dans une chambre d'essai appropriée et maintenir la température d'essai pendant la durée spécifiée dans la spécification particulière En l'absence de spécification, les paramètres doivent être
9.4 A la fin de cette période, laisser refroidir le spécimen à la température de la pièce avant de le soumettre à l'examen final.
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8.1 Mount the specimen in its normal operating configuration and maintain at room temperature, or as specified in the relevant specification.
8.2 Dip, brush or spray the relevant specimen with the specified fluid which shall be maintained at the test temperature given in table 1, or as specified in the relevant specification.
Ensure that the entire surface of the specimen is thoroughly wetted Allow the sample to drain naturally for 5 min to 10 min, shaking or wiping is not permitted.
Transfer the specimen into an appropriate test chamber, ensuring it is mounted in its normal operating configuration if necessary Maintain the specimen at the specified test temperature for the duration outlined in the relevant specification; if no duration is specified, follow the established parameters.
8.4 At the end of the period allow the specimen to cool to room temperature before being subjected to final examination.
8.5 Repeat this procedure, if and as required by the relevant specification.
9.1 Mount the specimen in its normal operating configuration and maintain it at room temperature, or as specified in the relevant specification.
9.2 Dip, spray or brush the relevant specimen with the specified fluid which shall be maintained at the test temperature given in table 1, or as specified in the relevant specification.
To ensure optimal results, it is essential to thoroughly wet the entire surface of the specimen This process may need to be repeated multiple times to keep all surfaces adequately wetted for the duration specified in the relevant guidelines.
If no specific period is indicated, the duration will be three cycles of approximately 24 hours each, with a tolerance of ± 1 hour Each cycle includes an 8-hour phase in a fully wetted state, allowing for a variation of ± 0.5 hours, followed by a 16-hour drainage period at ambient temperature, during which no further wetting is permitted.
Transfer the specimen to an appropriate test chamber and maintain it at the designated test temperature for the specified duration If no specific parameters are provided, follow the standard guidelines.
9.4 At the end of the period allow the specimen to cool to room temperature before being subjected to final examination.
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NOTE – Cette procédure n'est pas destinée à démontrer le fonctionnement d'un équipement qui est normalement immergé dans un fluide.
10.1 Immerger complètement le spécimen dans le fluide d'essai spécifié qui doit être maintenu à la température indiquée dans la spécification particulière et pour la durée indiquée.
Si la température et/ou la durée ne sont pas spécifiées, la température doit être celle donnée dans le tableau 1 et la durée doit être égale à 24 h ± 1 h.
Place the specimen in an appropriate test chamber and maintain the specified test temperature If no specification is provided, the parameters should be set to 70 °C ± 2 °C for a duration of 93 hours ± 3 hours During this period, allow the fluid to flow from the specimen while paying close attention to potential safety precautions.
10.3 A la fin de cette période, laisser refroidir le spécimen à la température de la pièce avant de le soumettre à l'examen final.
11.1 Le spécimen doit être nettoyé conformément à 5.3.
11.2 Examiner visuellement le spécimen et enregistrer toute variation de son état par rapport à l'examen initial.
11.3 La spécification particulière doit spécifier toute mesure ou tout essai nécessaires (Voir article A.6.)
12 Renseignements que doit donner la spécification particulière
Lorsque cet essai est inclus dans la spécification particulière, les renseignements suivants doivent être donnés dans la mesure ó ils sont applicables:
This article outlines essential procedures and considerations for testing fluids It begins with the selection of test fluids and provides information regarding the specimen A cleaning procedure is detailed if necessary, followed by an initial examination The article specifies the testing procedures to be employed, including the order of fluid application for sequential tests, if applicable It addresses connections and operations during testing, along with specimen configuration and initial temperature variations from standard operating conditions Additionally, it discusses the test fluid temperature, application duration, and storage conditions during and after fluid application Finally, a concluding examination is conducted to assess the results.
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NOTE – This procedure is not intended to demonstrate the operation of an equipment which is normally immersed in a fluid.
To ensure accurate testing, fully immerse the specimen in the designated test fluid, maintaining the specified temperature and duration as outlined in the relevant specification In cases where these parameters are not defined, refer to Table 1 for the appropriate temperature, and apply a duration of 24 hours, with a tolerance of ± 1 hour.
Transfer the specimen to an appropriate test chamber, ensuring it is maintained at the specified test temperature and duration according to the relevant specifications In the absence of specific guidelines, the parameters should be set at 70 °C ± 2 °C for 93 hours ± 3 hours During this time, allow the fluid to drain from the specimen and take necessary safety precautions into account.
10.3 At the end of the period allow the specimen to cool to room temperature before being subjected to final examination.
11.1 The specimen shall be cleaned in accordance with 5.3.
11.2 Examine the specimen visually and record any change of condition from the initial examination.
11.3 The relevant specification shall specify any measurements or tests required
12 Information to be given in the relevant specification
When this test is included in the relevant specification the following details shall be given in so far as they are applicable:
The article outlines essential procedures for testing, including the selection of test fluids, specimen details, and necessary cleaning procedures It emphasizes the importance of initial examinations and specifies the test procedures to be followed Additionally, it addresses the order of fluid application for sequential tests and outlines required connections and operations during testing The configuration of the specimen and its initial temperature, as well as the test fluid temperature, are also highlighted Key factors such as the duration of fluid application, storage temperature during application, and chamber storage conditions post-application are discussed, culminating in a final examination to assess the results.
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Guide pour le choix des fluides d'essai et des spécimens