Iec 60068-2-60-2015.Pdf

IEC 60068 2 60 Edition 3 0 201 5 06 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Environmental testing – Part 2 60 Tests – Test Ke Flowing mixed gas corrosion test Essais d''''environnement – Partie 2 60[.]

Environment al t est ing –

Part 2- 60: T est s – Test Ke: Flow ing mix ed gas cor osion t est

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Environment al t est ing –

Part 2- 60: T est s – Test Ke: Flow ing mixed gas cor osion t est

Essais d'environnement –

Part ie 2- 60: Essais – Essai Ke: Essai de cor osion dans un flux de mélange de

gaz

INT ERNAT IONAL

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ELECT ROT ECHNIQUE

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CONTENTS

FOREWORD 3

1 Sco e 5

2 Normative ref eren es 5

3 Test a p ratu 5

4 Severities 6

5 Precon itionin 6

6 Initial me s rements 6

7 Testin 7

7.1 General 7

7.2 Test sp cimen 7

7.3 Cor osivity monitorin materials 7

7.4 Testin proced re 7

8 Recovery 9

9 Final me s rements 9

10 Inf ormation to b given in the relevant sp cifi ation 9

1 Inf ormation to b given in the test re ort 10 An ex A (normative) Cor osion monitorin co p r coup n 11 A.1 General 1

A.2 Nature an dimen ion 1

A.3 Cle nin proced re 1

An ex B (informative) Des ription of test a p ratu 12 B.1 General 12 B.2 Cl matic s stem 12 B.3 Test en los re 13 B.4 Gas del very s stem 14 B.5 Analy in s stem 14 B.5.1 Temp rature an h midity 14 B.5.2 Gases 14 B.6 Other cor osion monitorin method 15 B.6.1 Mas in re se 15 B.6.2 Surf ace analy is of monitorin coup n 15 B.6.3 Vis al examination 16 B.7 Cal bration of the c amb r 16 An ex C (informative) Guide to the selection of method an test d ration 17 C.1 Introd ctory remark 17 C.2 Fu ction of cor osive gases u ed in the tests 17 C.3 Use of the dif f erent test method 17 Bibl ogra h 19 Fig re B.1 – Example of test a p ratu 12 Ta le 1 – Test con ition 6

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

Part 2-60: Tests – Test Ke: Flowing mixed gas cor osion test

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International Stan ard IEC 6 0 8-2-6 has b en pre ared by IEC tec nical commite 10 :

En ironmental con ition , clas if i ation an method of test

This third edition can els an re laces the secon edition, publ s ed in 19 5, an con titutes

a tec nical revision

This edition in lu es the f olowin sig if i ant tec nical c an es with resp ct to the previou

edition:

– updated IEC f ormat;

– updated normative ref eren es l st;

– ad ition of inf ormation of the workin volume;

– revision of the test proced re;

– revision of the f i ures in An ex B

The text of this stan ard is b sed on the fol owin doc ments:

Ful inf ormation on the votin f or the a proval of this stan ard can b f ou d in the re ort on

votin in icated in the a ove ta le

This publcation has b en draf ted in ac ordan e with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2

A l st of al p rts in the IEC 6 0 8 series, publ s ed u der the general title En iro me tal

te tin , can b fou d on the IEC we site

The commit e has decided that the contents of this publ cation wi remain u c an ed u ti

the sta i ty date in icated on the IEC we site u der "htp:/we store.iec.c " in the data

related to the sp cifi publ cation At this date, the publ cation wi b

• recon rmed,

• with rawn,

• re laced by a revised edition, or

ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING –

Part 2-60: Tests – Test Ke: Flowing mixed gas cor osion test

This p rt of IEC 6 0 8-2 determines the cor osive in uen e of o eratin an storage in o r

en ironments on electrotec nical prod cts comp nents, eq ipment an materials, p rtic larly

contacts an con ection , con idered se arately, integrated into a s b s embly or

as embled as a complete eq ipment

It provides test method givin inf ormation, on a comp rative b sis, to aid the selection of

materials, c oice of prod ction proces es an comp nent desig , with regard to cor osion

resistan e A g ide to the selection of method an test d ration is provided in An ex C

The f olowin doc ments, in whole or in p rt, are normatively ref eren ed in this doc ment an

are indisp n a le f or its a pl cation For dated ref eren es, only the edition cited a pl es For

u dated ref eren es, the latest edition of the referen ed doc ment (in lu in an

amen ments) a pl es

IEC 6 512-2-1, Co n ctors for ele tro ic e uipme t – Te ts a d me s reme ts – P art 2-1:

Electric l c ntin ity a d c nta t re ista c te ts – Te t 2 : Co ta t re ista c – M ilivolt le el

re ista c meth d

IEC 6 512-3-1, Co n ctors for ele tro ic e uipme t – Te ts a d me s reme ts – P art 3-1:

I ns latio te ts – Te t 3 : In ulatio re ista c

ISO 4 1, Co p r refin ry s a e

The test a p ratu con ists of a cl matic s stem, test en los re, gas delvery s stem an

me n f or me s rin gas con entration

Detai s of desig an con tru tion are o tional but s al b s c that the con ition sp cif ied

f or e c method are f ulf il ed throu hout the workin volume an s al comply with the

f ol owin req irements:

– water dro lets or a rosols s al not b injected into the test en los re;

– air an water u ed s al b s f f iciently cle n in order not to af f ect p rf orman e of the test;

– the test atmosphere s al f low throu h the en los re in s c a man er as to en ure

u if orm test con ition within the workin volume;

– the sampl n p int f or gas analy is s al b in the workin volume of the test en los re;

– the ex au t gases s al b tre ted in ac ordan e with the relevant reg latory stipulation ;

– the wet bulb p d s al b placed in the test c amb r in s c a man er not to ex e d

0,1 % of the cros -section of the test c amb r

Becau e of the stron s nergistic ef fect an the so cal ed “memory ef fect (i.e it is dif f ic lt to

f ul y remove the c lorine comp u d from the c amb r, tub s, etc.), it is recommen ed that

en los res an tubin u ed for tests that in orp rate c lorine only b u ed f or c lorine tests

The workin volume is the volume within whic the in ivid al cor osion (mas in re se of

co p r coup n expres ed in mg/ dm

2

× day) ac ordin to An ex A) at e c location dif f ers

by a maximum of 15 % from the average cor osion of al coup n within the workin volume

4 Se erities

The test severity s al b given in the relevant sp cif i ation It is def i ed by

– the test method, c osen f rom Ta le 1,

– the test d ration

Pref er ed d ration , in day , are 4, 7, 10, 14 an 21

Four method are def i ed The dif ferent p rameters f or e c method are s mmarized in the

f ol owin Ta le 1 A g idan e for the u e of e c method is given in Clau e C.3

Diff ere t temp rature a d h midity v lu s (e.g 4 °C a d 8 %R ) ma b u e b s d u o mutu l

a re me t b twe n th intere te p rtie Th ma s in re s ma b dif fere t fom th giv nv lu s

5 Pre onditioning

The relevant sp cif i ation may req ire precon itionin of sp cimen , for example cle nin or

mec anical o eration

6 Initial measurements

Initial me s rements s al b car ied out as req ired by the relevant sp cif i ation

General y, these me s rements are:

– contact resistan e me s rements f or electromec anical prod ct comp nents (se

IEC 6 512-2-1);

– in ulation resistan e me s rements (se IEC 6 512-3-1)

Samples exp sed in the tests s al b

– the sp cimen b in evaluated,

– cor osion monitor materials

7.2 Te t spe ime s

The relevant prod ct sp cifi ation s al def i e the con ition of the sp cimen d rin the test,

f or example mated or u mated f or con ectors; contacts o en or closed for switc es, o erated

or electrical y lo ded

The d ration of the o eration or lo din of he t-dis ip tin sp cimen , s al b s c that the

temp rature an the relative h midity in the workin volume remain within the sp cif ied

toleran es

The con ition of the sp cimen an the test c amb r s al b s c that con en ation on the

sp cimen s al not oc ur when they are introd ced into the test c amb r

The total volume of the test sp cimen s ould not ex e d 10 % of the volume of the workin

are of the test c amb r If the total volume of the test sp cimen ex e d 10 %, the amou t

ex e din 10 % s al b in lu ed in the test re ort

The total s rface are of the test sp cimen s ould not ex e d 10 % of the s rface are of

the workin are of the test c amb r If the total s rf ace of the test sp cimen ex e d 10 %,

the amou t ex e din 10 % s al b in lu ed in the test re ort

A minimum sp ce b twe n sp cimen mig t b 10 mm so as not to disturb the u if orm air

f low

7.3 Cor osivity monitoring materials

Co p r coup n s al b exp sed with the test sp cimen in order to verif y the conf orman e

of the test con ition

A minimum of f i e test coup n of cop er, pre ared in ac ordan e with An ex A, s al b

exp sed with the test sp cimen f or the same d ration Their mas in re se d rin the test,

me s red by a b lan e with a resolution of 0,01 mg, s al b taken as a me s re of the

cor osion an as a monitor of the re rod cibi ty an re e ta i ty of the test

Other vehicles, f or example, gold-plated coup n or other sp cimen (se B.6.3) can b u ed

in ad ition to the co p r coup n

7.4 Te ting proc dure

One of the fol owin test proced res s al b u ed:

Te t pro edure 1

When the test atmosphere do s not contain c lorine (Method 1) or when the method for

me s rin c lorine con entration do s not s f fer interf eren e f rom the other gases present in

the test atmosphere, the f ol owin proced re s al b u ed:

– af ter the sp cif ied temp rature is sta i zed, start the f low of h mid air, alow to sta i ze

an adju t temp rature an h midity not to ac umulate the con en ation on the in er wal

of the test c amb r an the test sp cimen;

– start the f low of the gases into the h mid air stre m an al ow to sta i ze;

– me s re an adju t gas con entration Alow to sta i ze When it is neces ary to

me s re c lorine con entration, total c lorine (not only c lorine gas, Cl

2) present in the

test atmosphere is taken as a me s re of c lorine gas con entration The c lorine ad ed

to the test atmosphere s al sti only b in the f orm of c lorine gas, Cl

2

;

– introd ce the test sp cimen an the cor osion monitorin materials as pres rib d in 7.3

The co p r coup n s al b exp sed with the test sp cimen f or the f irst 4 day d rin a

test d ration The co p r coup n mig t b exp sed another 4 day d rin a test

d ration, if neces ary It s al b in lu ed in the test re ort The test sp cimen an the

cor osion monitorin materials s al b distributed u if ormly in the workin volume They

s al not come in contact with one another nor s ield one another from the test

atmosphere The test sp cimen s al b in the con ition (for example, mated/u mated,

electrical y lo ded or o erated) as stated in the relevant sp cif i ation The test d ration

s al b me s red from this p int;

– al ow the test con ition to sta i ze, whic may req ire con idera le time Me s re an

adju t, if neces ary, temp rature, h midity an gas con entration Durin these

adju tments, an overs o tin of gas con entration s al b avoided Maximum alowed

d ration of this p riod of sta i zation an adju tments, to pres rib d values, is 2 h;

– d rin the course of testin , temp rature, h midity an gas con entration s al b ke t

within the pres rib d l mits The c amb r is alowed to b o ened d rin the test

The n mb r of o enin s s al b l mited

No o enin is al owed f or a test d ration s orter than 4 day

One o enin is al owed f or a test d ration of b twe n 4 an 10 day

One o enin p r we k is al owed f or a test d ration ex e din 10 day

The d ration of these o enin s s al b l mited to the time neces ary to remove an

introd ce sp cimen an /or co p r coup n ;

– at the en of the test p riod, remove the sp cimen an the cor osion monitorin

materials

Te t pro edure 2

When c lorine is present in the test atmosphere (Method 2 to 4) an when the method f or

me s rin c lorine s f fers interferen e f rom other gases in the test atmosphere, the f olowin

proced re s al b u ed:

– af ter the sp cif ied temp rature is sta i zed, start the f low of h mid air, alow to sta i ze

an adju t temp rature an h midity so as not to ac umulate the con en ation on the

in er wal of the test c amb r an the test sp cimen;

– start the f low of c lorine into the h mid air stre m an al ow to sta i ze;

– me s re an adju t the c lorine con entration Al ow to sta i ze;

– introd ce the test sp cimen an the cor osion monitor materials as pres rib d in 7.2 The

co p r coup n s al b exp sed with the test sp cimen f or the first 4 day d rin a test

d ration The co p r coup n mig t b exp sed another 4 day d rin a test d ration, if

neces ary It s al b in lu ed in the test re ort The test sp cimen an the cor osion

monitorin materials s al b distributed u if ormly in the workin volume They s al not

come in contact with one another nor s ield one another f rom the test atmosphere The

test sp cimen s al b in the con ition (f or example, mated/u mated, electrical y lo ded

or o erated) as stated in the relevant sp cif i ation;

– al ow temp rature, h midity an c lorine con entration to sta i ze, whic may req ire

con idera le time d e to initial y hig re ction or ad orption rates of c lorine with s rfaces

If neces ary, me s re an adju t the c lorine con entration Durin this adju tment, an

overs o tin of gas con entration s al b avoided The c lorine con entration s al

remain sta le f or 2 h minimum The maximum al owed d ration of this p riod of c lorine

sta i zation an adju tments, to pres rib d values, is 2 h;

– start the f low of the remainin gases an al ow to sta i ze Me s re an adju t, if

neces ary, temp rature, h midity an gas con entration , ex lu in c lorine Durin

these adju tments, an overs o tin of gas con entration s al b avoided The maximum

al owed d ration of this p riod of sta i zation an adju tments, to pres rib d values, is

2 h The test d ration is me s red f rom the moment when al gases are present in the

test atmosphere;

– d rin the course of testin , temp rature, h midity an gas con entration s al b ke t

within the pres rib d l mits Chlorine con entration, however, can ot b control ed d rin

the test The way to en ure that values remain within the set l mits is to car y out the

c lorine me s rement af ter f i is in the test (se b low) The c amb r is al owed to b

o ened d rin the test

The n mb r of o enin s s al b lmited

No o enin is al owed for a test d ration s orter than 4 day

One o enin is al owed f or a test d ration of b twe n 4 an 10 day

One o enin p r we k is al owed for a test d ration ex e din 10 day

The d ration of these o enin s s al b l mited to the time neces ary to remove an

introd ce sp cimen an /or co p r coup n ;

– at the en of the test p riod, sto the f low of gases ex e t c lorine whic s al remain

ru nin Al ow s f f icient time to empty the c amb r of the other gases, to an extent

s f f icient to avoid interf eren e with c lorine analy es;

– me s re the c lorine con entration whic s al b within the l mits pres rib d in order for

the test to b vald;

– remove the test sp cimen an the cor osion monitorin materials

Af ter removal of the sp cimen from the test c amb r, they s al b stored in ac ordan e with

the relevant sp cif i ation prior to f i al me s rements

9 Final measurements

The fi al me s rements s al b car ied out as req ired by the relevant sp cif i ation whic

may also req ire a vis al examination of the sp cimen after the test

The relevant sp cifi ation s al provide the criteria up n whic the ac e tan e or rejection of

the sp cimen is to b b sed

If the neces ary me s rements can ot b made within the sp cified time, the p riod of

storage u der recovery con ition may b exten ed to a maximum of one we k Su h an

exten ion s al b mentioned in the test re ort

10 Inf ormation to be given in the relevant specification

When this test is in lu ed in a relevant sp cif i ation, the fol owin detais s al b given, in so

f ar as they are a plca le The relevant sp cif i ation s al s p ly information as req ired in

the clau es lsted b low, p yin p rtic lar atention to the items marked with an asteris (*) as

this information is alway req ired

h) Final me s rements* an p s ible vis al examination 9

11 Inf ormation to be given in the test report

Inf ormation to b given in the test re ort is as folows:

– test method;

– test d ration;

– precon itionin ;

– method an res lts of initial me s rement;

– con ition an d ration of test;

Annex A

(normative)

Cor osion monitoring copper coupons

Co p r coup n are exp sed with the test sp cimen in order to verif y the conf orman e of the

test to the l mits set out in this stan ard The mas in re se of the coup n s al b taken as

a me s re of this conformity

A.2 Nature and dimension

The coup n s al b made from half hard OFHC co p r (Cu-OF ac ordin to ISO 4 1) s e t,

maximum thic nes of 0,5 mm, an have a total s rf ace are of 0,1 dm

2

to 0,2 dm

2

e c The

s rf ace of the coup n is an es ential y faultles s rf ace (fre f rom p res, mark , s ratc es

an an l g t colouration) an a mat f i is (arithmetical y me n deviation of the profile

Ra = 0,15 µm ± 0,1 µm)

A.3 Cleaning procedure

Bef ore the start of the test, the co p r coup n s al b cle ned, as des rib d b low,

weig ed by a b lan e with a resolution of 0,01 mg an stored for a maximum of 12 h in a

desic ator with non-cor osive deh dratin agent

The cle nin proced re of the co p r coup n s al b as fol ows:

– cathodic degre se in 1 N NaOH, for 15 s to 3 s, at 5 V to 10 V, u in a stainles ste l

4, for 2 s to 3 s;

– rin e with ta water;

– rin e with demineral zed water;

– rin e with alcohol: denatured eth l alcohol or iso ro yl alcohol;

– dry with warm air (a out 5 °C)

Al solution s al b pre ared with demineral zed water, of at le st the same q al ty as u ed

in the clmatic s stem

Annex B

(inf ormativ )

Description of test apparatus

The test a p ratu con ists of a cl matic s stem, a test en los re, a gas del very s stem an

gas analy in s stems An example of test a p ratu is s own in Fig re B.1

B.2 Cl matic system

The cl matic s stem s p l es h midif ied air to the test en los re A common way is to bub le

pres urized air throu h a water b th held at a temp rature a ove the dew p int of the

h midif ied air ne ded When calc latin the temp rature an ad itional ad in of dry air to

the test atmosphere s ould b taken into ac ou t The relative h midity of the air in the test

en los re s ould b p riodicaly c ec ed an the temp rature of the water b th adju ted

ac ordin ly

Pres urized air s ould b cle ned from oi an p l utants One or several oi tra s, oi f ilters

an c emical f ilters, s c as a combination of dry active carb n an a molec lar sieve, s ould

b u ed an regenerated at reg lar intervals Alternatively, s nthetic air can b u ed Water

s ould b disti ed or deionized

The h midified air can b introd ced into the test en los re by the method s own in

Fig re B.1 In this case, the air from the test en los re is ex au ted by s ction there y

prod cin a lower pres ure in the test en los re than in the outer c amber This h midif ied

air from the outer c amb r is s c ed into the test en los re throu h a hole, the size of whic

af f ects the pres ure diff eren e The f low rate of the air out of the en los re is adju ted to

o tain the sp cif ied n mb r of volume c an es p r hour The lower pres ure within the test

en los re, as comp red with the ambient, may however cau e dif f ic lties when u in certain

in truments f or gas analy is

B.3 Test enclosure

The con tituents of the test atmosphere are c emical y active an hen e l a le to ad orb,

a sorb or re ct with the materials of con tru tion of the test en los re an of tub s Materials

recommen ed f or test en los res are glas , p lymeth lmetacrylate (PMMA), p lytetrafl

oro-eth lene (PTFE), p ly in l den uorid (PVDF) an an au tenitic stainles ste l of the 18 % Cr,

10 % Ni typ with ad ed Mo, Ti, Nb or other resistant materials, in order to in re se the

resistan e to c lorine comp u d , es ential f or this a pl cation Hig er amou ts of the gases

than sp cified are of ten ad ed, esp cial y regardin c lorine, in order to o tain sp cif ied

con entration in the workin volume When u in some typ s of stainles ste l, cor osion of

the en los re wi oc ur A “burn-in” p riod, d rin whic gas ad orption rates wi b

u u ual y hig , mig t b neces ary for new c amb rs

The minimum volume of the test en los re is recommen ed to b 0,1 m

3

The test en los re may b of an s a e A c l n rical s a e general y prod ces a more

u if orm air f low an a larger workin volume relative to the volume of the en los re as

comp red to a c bical s a e

It is recommen ed that the test en los re ena les the samples to b exp sed only

in idental y to s nl g t or other lg t sources

The desig of the c amb r s ould al ow e s an thorou h cle nin of wal s an other p rts

within the en los re Wal s may b he ted, to sp cif ied temp rature or sl g tly hig er, in

order to avoid con en ation; normal y an air jac et (may b an outer c amb r) or a water

jac et is u ed

The en los re s ould b f ited with s ita le gas-tig t se ls to ena le electrical me s rements

an al electrical an mec anical o eration to b p rf ormed d rin the test

The test atmosphere is pref era ly injected throu h o enin (s) in the b tom of the c amb r

an ex au ted throu h o enin (s) in the o p site wal ( o of the c amb r) Baf f les in f ront of

the o enin (s) can b u ed in order to improve u iformity of the air f low

Tub s f or the ex au t can b he ted in order to avoid con en ation an cor osion

Forced movement of the air is al owed, in order to improve u iformity, provided the

req irements in Ta le 1 are met Forced movement of the air can b ac ieved by the u e of

f an or by movin the test o jects slowly throu h the atmosphere by u in a carou el In

general, f an prod ce turbulent air movement whic ten s to in re se the rate of cor osion

To avoid that, the air velocity to the test sp cimen s al b as low as p s ible Uniform air

velocity when u in carou els is only prod ced at a con tant diameter When u in f an or

carou els, p wer dis ip tion from this eq ipment s ould b taken into ac ou t Fan can

normal y b placed far f rom the test o jects so that he t dis ip tion do s not af f ect test

p rf orman e For carou els, the motor is normal y p sitioned outside the c amb r to avoid

he t dis ip tion within the test en los re The ef f ect of fan or a carou el can b in estigated

prior to u e (se Clau e B.7)

B.4 Gas del very system

The gas s p ly s stem, tubin , valves etc s ould not ad orb or a sorb gases to an extent

af f ectin the p rf orman e of the test PTFE is a general y u ed material in tubin s Valves,

etc are general y man f actured from acid pro f ste l, pref era ly co ted with PTFE on the

s rf aces in contact with the gas Chlorine, in p rtic lar, atac s acid pro f ste l in the

presen e of h midity

Gases u ed can b s p l ed by p rme tion tub s with purif ied air, s nthetic air or nitrogen as

car ier gas An alternative method is to u e gas c l n ers, pref era ly with di uted gas (u ualy

in nitrogen)

Gases u ed s ould b cle n enou h not to af f ect p rforman e of the test The recommen ed

purity level for active gases other than the sp cif ied gas is a maximum con entration of 0,1 %

of the active gas con entration; gas s c as nitrogen monoxide in nitrogen dioxide is alowed

at hig er con entration to a maximum of 10 % of the sp cif ied gas

For reg latin gas flow dosin pumps, orif i es or mas f low meters can b u ed Mas flow

meters are recommen ed f or reg latin the di uted cor osive gases

Bef ore introd cin the cor osive gases in the test en los re, it is recommen ed to u e a

mixin c amb r The con entration of the in ivid al cor osive gases, when mixin with other

cor osive gases, s ould avoid u wanted re ction b twe n the gases

B.5 Analysing system

B.5.1 Temperature a d humidity

For me s rin temp rature an h midity, method u af fected by cor osive gases present can

b u ed Humidity an temp rature may b control ed b fore mixin with di uted cor osive gas

In test a p ratu , ac ordin to Fig re B.1, this would b in the outer c amb r In this case,

the set in s are adju ted ac ordin to the mixin with the di uted cor osive gases The

cor elation b twe n the true h midity an temp rature in the test en los re an the

temp rature an h midity normal y me s red outside s ould b c ec ed p riodicaly

(normal y twice p r ye r) This exp s re of in truments to the cor osive en ironment in the

test en los re is recommen ed to b l mited

B.5.2 Ga e

In order to avoid con en ation in sampl n tub s, these tub s can b he ted Relative

h midity in the tub s s ould b 8 % maximum, prefera ly lower

Pos ible ef f ects of the pres ure diff eren e b twe n the test en los re an outside of the

c amb r on the f un tion of the gas analy in in truments s ould b c ec ed thorou hly Most

in truments req ire gas samples of ambient pres ure When havin a negative pres ure in

the test en los re, some in truments may have dif f ic lties evac atin the air out of the

en los re, th s givin to low re din s A p sitive pres ure is more e si y managed, in this

case me s res in order to red ce pres ure to ambient can e si y b taken

Examples of in trument typ s whic can b u ed f or s lph r dioxide are UV-f l ores en e,

con u tometry an colorimetry

For h drogen s lphide, UV-f l ores en e, gas c romatogra h with f lame photometric

detection, ad orption on gold f ilm sen or (interf eren e by NO

2), con u tometry or colorimetry

may b u ed

For nitrogen dioxide, c emiuminis en e or colorimetry may b u ed

Chlorine gas (Cl

2) can b me s red u in electroc emical method or colorimetry Both

method are af fected by the other cor osive gases u ed in the test atmosphere The c lorine

analy is can ac ordin ly only b con u ted when the other gases are a sent

Af ter mixing al gases, total c lorine may b analy ed u in ionic c romatogra h Chlorine

content u in this method is taken as a me s re of Cl

2con entration

In truments u ed s ould b cal brated ac ordin to the man f acturer’s in tru tion

Ad itional y, al in truments s ould b p riodical y cal brated u in gas cal bration sources

When u in UV-f l ores en e typ in truments, air s ould b u ed as car ier gas in the gas

cal bration source sin e dif ferent re din s are o tained when u in nitrogen as comp red to

when u in air

It is also imp rtant to note that man in truments (for example, UV-f l ores en e f or SO

2

analy is) are af f ected by relative h midity The same relative h midity in the car ier gas, from

the cal bration u it, as in the sampl n tub may b dif f ic lt to ac ieve In this case, re din s

u in pure air f rom the c amb r, u in the same temp rature, h midity, f low an the same

he tin of tub s as when takin gas samples, are taken an comp red with re din s f or pure

car ier gas from the cal bration u it When analy in the cor osive gas f rom the c amb r, the

For monitorin of cor osion by determinin mas gain of co p r or siver, a q artz

micro alan e can b u ed Sin e the co p r co ted q artz cry tals can ot b cle ned u in

the method des rib d in An ex A, the method s ould b cal brated by comp rin with mas

gain me s rements f or co p r coup n cle ned ac ordin to the stan ard an weig ed on a

normal analytical b lan e

B.6.2 Surf ac a aly is of monitoring coup ns

In estigation of the cor osion layers prod ced on the s rface of the coup n exp sed in an

of the f our method des rib d by this stan ard, gives ad itional information regardin the

nature, c emical comp sition, layer stru ture an thic nes of the cor osion prod cts

Ap ro riate method s c as coulometric red ction, c cl c voltametry, X- ay micro naly is

(SEM EDS, WDS or micro ro e), Au er electron sp ctros o y (AES), secon ary ion mas

sp ctrometry (SIMS), electron sp ctros o y for c emical analy is (ESCA), are avai a le

in trumental tec niq es f or these stu ies

B.6.3 Vis al e amination

The u e of gold-plated coup n or other sp cimen as ad itional cor osion monitorin

materials is recommen ed in order to determine the dominatin cor osion mec anism

Dominant mec anism f ou d in Method 1, 2 an 4 is p re cor osion an cre p cor osion in

the case of Method 3

B.7 Cal bration of the chamber

The workin volume of a new c amb r, as wel as af ter c an es in ge metry or air f low,

s ould b determined u in co p r coup n Co p r coup n (cle ned ac ordin to An ex A)

are p sitioned at dif ferent location within the c amb r, with a minimum of thre coup n at

e c location

Maximum lo din of the c amb r may also b estimated u ing co p r coup n At maximum

lo din , the cor osion s ould b within the toleran es given in Ta le 1 It s ould b noted that

organic materials may a sorb ju t as mu h or even more cor osive gas as metal c materials

Annex C

(inf ormativ )

Guide to the selection of methods and test duration

C.1 Introductory remarks

Cor osion of electrotec nical prod cts d rin storage or o eration in in o r location is

af f ected by clmatic f actors s c as temp rature, relative h midity, air velocity an rate of

c an e of temp rature an h midity Ad itional y, gase u p l utants seriou ly af fect the rate

of cor osion as wel as the oc ur en e of dif ferent cor osion mec anisms Contaminants on

the s rf ace s c as d st, oi an comp u d l b rated from plastic materials may af fect the

rate an mec anism of cor osion

Al gases u ed in the test atmospheres have natural sources; however, dif ferent gase u

p l utants dominate in dif f erent f ield en ironments:

– s lph r dioxide an nitrogen oxides f rom combu tion of f os i fuels an in traf f ic

en ironments;

– h drogen s lphide in the vicinity of p troc emical an ste l in u try, decayin organic

mater, stag ant water an animal s elters;

– h drogen s lphide an c lorine comp u d in the vicinity of pulp an p p r in u try

The test method in this stan ard are not desig ed to cor esp n to a sp cifi typ of

en ironment The test method have b en c osen to prod ce cor osion prod cts o served in

the f ield for materials normaly u ed in electrotec nical prod cts

C.2 Function of cor osive gases used in the tests

Hy rogen s lphide has a stron cor osive in uen e on man metals, esp cial y siver an

co p r

In Method 1, there is a s nergistic ef fect of s lph r dioxide an h drogen s lphide This

impl es that an en los re an tubin u ed with h drogen s lphide can ot b u ed f or a pure

s lph r dioxide cor osion test In Method 4, s lph r dioxide is ad ed b cau e s lph r dioxide

has a cor osive ef f ect on nic el, as wel as on ste l an zin

Nitrogen oxide is u ed, mainly as an oxidant in test Method 2 to 4

Chlorine is seldom o served as a major p lutant in the f ield In test Method 2 to 4, it is

p rtly u ed as an oxidant an p rtly as a c lorine comp u d The c loride formed when

red ced has the a i ty to p netrate protective oxide layers on metal c s rf aces Havin this

d al ef f ect, c lorine s ows a stron s nergistic ef f ect when combined with, in p rtic lar,

h drogen s lphide Becau e of the stron s nergistic ef f ect an the so cal ed “memory ef f ect

(i.e it is diff ic lt to f uly remove the c lorine comp u d from the c amb r, tub s, etc.), it is

recommen ed that en los res an tubin u ed for tests that in orp rate c lorine only b u ed

f or c lorine tests

C.3 Use of the dif ferent test methods

Althou h co p r is con idered to b a go d monitorin material, its mas in re se in the test

method is not, in general, related to the cor osion of other metal c samples

Test Method 1 can b u ed as a p re cor osion test on gold co tin s A test d ration of

10 day is a pro riate for o enly exp sed gold co ted s rfaces

Test Method 1 can also b u ed for testin of contacts with gold-plated s rf aces, contacts to

b u ed in mi d en ironments (f or example telecommu ication centres in “cle n”

s r ou din s) In this case, a d ration of 10 to 21 day is a pro riate

Test Method 2 an 4 are a pro riate for electrotec nical prod cts to b u ed in moderately

cor osive en ironments Su h en ironments may b f ou d in telecommu ication centres, most

of f ice environments an some in u trial in trument ro ms In these en ironments, the

predominant cor osion mec anism on gold co tin s is p re cor osion

Test Method 3 is a pro riate f or more cor osive en ironments Su h en ironments may b

f ou d in in trument ro ms in in u try an some in u trial location In these en ironments,

gold co tin s are prone to p re cor osion an cre p of cor osion of prod cts

For test Method 2 to 4, test d ration of four to seven day are u eful for vis al as es ment

of co tin s stems The a p aran e is in uen ed by the materials u ed Four to 10 day test

d ration is a pro riate f or s ort-lf e prod cts an 7 to 21 day for prod cts with hig er

req irements for rel a i ty an l f e

Bibl ography

[1] Shige Su a, Shin Watana e, Kohei Saito, L w-con entration c lorine gas

me s rement tec nolog an its a pl cation to gas cor osion test in truments,

P ro e d in s of 25th Ke k u a p o k i, Materials Lif e Society Ja an, p 6 -7 , July

2 14

[2] Shige Su a, Kohei Saito, Develo in New Gas Cor osion Test In trument with

"Chamb r Ex han e Sy tem", P ro e din s of the 2 th a n al RCJ rela i ty

s mp sium, Rel a i ty Center for Electronic Comp nents of Ja an, p 19 -2 1,

Octo er 2 14

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