Bsi bs en 27963 1992 (1999) iso 7963 1985

00272116 PDF Li ce ns ed C op y A ki n K ok sa l, B ec ht el L td , 1 9 M ar ch 2 00 3, U nc on tr ol le d C op y, ( c) B S I BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 27963 1992 ISO 7963 1985 Specification for Calibrat[.]

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BRITISH STANDARD BS EN

27963:1992 ISO 7963:1985

Specification for

Calibration block No 2

for ultrasonic

examination of welds

This European Standard EN 27963:1992 has the status of a

British Standard

This British Standard, having

been prepared under the

direction of the General

Mechanical Engineering

Standards Policy Committee,

was published under the

authority of the Standards

Board and comes

into effect on

15 June 1992

© BSI 10-1999

The following BSI references

relate to the work on this

standard:

Committee reference GME/23

Draft for comment 83/71087 DC

ISBN 0 580 20472 3

Cooperating organizations

The European Committee for Standardization, under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards

organizations of the following Western European countries

Austria Oesterreichisches Normungsinstitut Belgium Institut belge de normalisation Denmark Dansk Standardiseringsraad Finland Suomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y

France Association française de normalisation Germany Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V

Greece Hellenic Organization for Standardization Iceland Technological Institute of Iceland

Ireland National Standards Authority of Ireland Italy Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione Luxembourg Inspection du Travail et des Mines Netherlands Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut Norway Norges Standardiseringsforbund Portugal Instituto Portuguès da Qualidade Spain Asociación Española de Normalización y Certificación Sweden Standardiseringskommissionen i Sverige

Switzerland Association suisse de normalisation United Kingdom British Standards Institution

Amendments issued since publication

Amd No Date Comments

BS EN 27963:1992

Contents

Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover

1 Scope and field of application 3

National appendix NA (informative) Inside back cover

ii © BSI 10-1999

National foreword

This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the General Mechanical Engineering Standards Policy Committee and is the English

language version of EN 27963:1992 “Welds in steel — Calibration block No 2 for

ultrasonic examination of welds” published by the European Committee for

Standardization (CEN)

EN 27963:1992 is identical with ISO 7963:1985 published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

National appendix NA gives the constitution of the committees responsible for

UK participation in the preparation of this standard

A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application

Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

Summary of pages

This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages 2 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover

This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover

EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

EN 27963

April 1992

UDC 621.791.053:669.14:620.179.16

Descriptors: Steels, welding, welded joints, ultrasonic tests, calibration, reference sample, dimensions

English version

Welds in steel — Calibration block No 2 for ultrasonic

examination of welds

(ISO 7963:1985)

Soudures sur acier — Bloc d’étallonage no 2

pour l’ examen par ultrasons des soudures

(ISO 7963:1985)

Schweißverbindungen in Stahl — Kalibrierkörper Nr 2 zur Ultraschallprüfung von Schweißverbindungen

(ISO 7963:1985)

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1992-03-27 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom

CEN

European Committee for Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Europäisches Komitee für Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels

© CEN 1992 Copyright reserved to all CEN members

Ref No EN 27963:1992 E

© BSI 10-1999 2

Foreword

In 1990, ISO 7963:1985 was submitted to the CEN

Primary Questionnaire procedure

Following the positive result of this procedure, the

CEN Technical Board, agreed to submit

ISO 7963:1985, without modifications, to Formal

Vote The result of the Formal Vote was positive

National standards identical to this European

Standard shall be published at the latest

by 92-10-31 and conflicting national standards shall

be withdrawn at the latest by 92-10-31

In accordance with the CEN/CENELEC Common

Rules, the following countries are bound to

implement this European Standard:

Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France,

Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,

Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,

Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom

EN 27963:1992

0 Introduction

This calibration block differs in size and shape from

the block described in ISO 2400

It is very much smaller and therefore lighter, and its

geometry is much simpler

It does not offer as much scope as the larger block;

in particular it is not meant to check an ultrasonic

flaw detector completely

Its easy handling, however, makes it possible,

during practical examination, to check simply, from

time to time, the setting of the time base and the

sensitivity of the ultrasonic equipment Moreover, it

is suited to checking the beam angle and the probe

index of miniature shear wave probes

1 Scope and field of application

This International Standard lays down the

dimensions, type of steel and directives for the use

of block No 2 for the calibration of ultrasonic

equipment for the examination of welds in steel

2 References

ISO 468, Surface roughness — Parameters, their

values and general rules for specifying requirements

ISO 2400, Welds in steel — Reference block for the

calibration of equipment for ultrasonic examination

ISO 2604-4, Steel products for pressure purposes —

Quality requirements — Part 4: Plates1)

3 Dimensions

The dimensions of the block, in millimetres, are

given in Figure 1

The tolerances are ± 0,1 mm, except on the length of

the engraved scale where it is ± 0,5 mm

NOTE 1 The thickness of the block can be greater (see the

Annex A).

NOTE 2 In Figure 1, Ra indicates the average roughness Ra is

not very different from Rz; both are defined in ISO 468.

4 Material

The calibration block is made of steel of composition

corresponding to P 18 of ISO 2604-4

5 Preparation

The calibration block shall be homogeneous and free

from defects revealed by ultrasonic examination

(see the Annex A)

In order to obtain a fine structure and good homogeneity, the block, before final machining, shall be heat treated as follows:

a) heating for 30 min at 920 °C and water-quenching;

b) re-heating for 2 h at 650 °C and cooling in still air

The thickness to be removed from all surfaces by machining after heat treatment shall be at least 2 mm

After the heat treatment, and without waiting for machining to end, the blocks shall undergo a further ultrasonic examination from two different

directions at right angles to each other and in the direction of rolling

All surfaces shall be machined lengthwise except the echo side, which shall be ground

In order to prevent parasitic effects, the depth of the marks of the engraved scale shall be 0,1 ± 0,05 mm The length of the marks shall be 6 mm and the tolerance on the positioning of the marks shall

be ± 0,2 mm On completion of machining, a final ultrasonic examination shall be carried out

6 Method of use

6.1 Setting of the time base

To set the time base, the leading edge (left side) of successive echoes shall be made to coincide with the appropriate scale markings on the screen of the equipment

The pulse-travel time depends on the velocity of ultrasonic waves in the material examined

For the steel composition given in clause 4, the

velocities of longitudinal and shear waves are (5 920 ± 30) m·s–1 and (3 255 ± 15) m·s–1, respectively

6.1.1 Calibration of time base up to 250 mm with a longitudinal wave probe

The position of the probe on the calibration block is indicated in Figure 2a) Figure 2b) is a schematic representation of the screen appearance for calibration of a distance of 50 mm

NOTE Depending on the probe and frequency used, difficulties may arise when calibrating distances greater than 10 times the thickness of the block.

1) At present at the stage of draft (Revision of ISO 2604-4:1975.)

4 © BSI 10-1999

6.1.2 Calibration of distance of 100 or 125 mm

with a miniature shear wave probe

The position of the miniature shear wave probe on

the calibration block is shown in Figure 3a) for a

distance of 125 mm and in Figure 3b) for a distance

of 100 mm In Figure 3a) and Figure 3b) the screen

appearances for the calibration of the two distances

are also shown schematically

NOTE Calibration of the distance of 125 mm is, however,

preferable, since the linearity of the time base is better.

6.2 Checking during examination

A large number of factors exercise an influence on

sensitivity setting (see the Annex A)

6.2.1 Longitudinal wave probes — Sensitivity

setting

The probe can be placed in position “a” as indicated

in Figure 4

The oscillogram representing the successive echoes

can be used as a reference for setting sensitivity

It is also possible to use the reflection from

the 5 mm diameter hole, position “b” in Figure 4,

the probe being placed so that the corresponding

echo amplitude is at its maximum

6.2.2 Miniature shear wave probes

6.2.2.1 Sensitivity setting

In this case, the maximum echo from the 5 mm

diameter hole can also be used (see Figure 5,

position “a”) as a reference for setting sensitivity

Similarly, it is possible to make use of the reflections

from the cylindrical surfaces of radii of 50 mm

and 25 mm respectively

In this case there are two possibilities

— In the first, by using a calibrated gain control,

the amplitude of the echo from the cylindrical

surface is initially set to 80 % of screen height

and subsequently adjusted to the level desired

(see Figure 5, position “b”)

— In the second, without the use of a calibrated gain control, the successive echoes from the cylindrical surfaces can be used for the adjustment of sensitivity (see Figure 6)

When checking probes, the acoustic coupling is an important factor and, when probes are compared, the same coupling medium shall be used

6.2.2.2 Determination of the position of the probe

index

The miniature shear wave probe is, as shown

in Figure 3a) and Figure 3b), moved parallel to the main faces of the calibration block until the

amplitude of the echo from the cylindrical surface has reached its maximum

The probe index then coincides with the centre mark

of the millimetre scale

6.2.2.3 Determination of beam angle

In this case, use is made of the echo obtained from the 5 mm diameter hole

The miniature shear wave probe is, as before, moved parallel to the main faces of the calibration block until the amplitude of the echo from the 5 mm diameter hole has reached its maximum

The beam angle is obtained either by direct reading

of the scale engraved on the calibration block, as shown in Figure 7, or by interpolation if the position found does not coincide with one of the scale lines The positions shown in Figure 7 make it possible to check beam angles of 45°, 60° and 70° probes

EN 27963:1992

Figure 1

6 © BSI 10-1999

Figure 2a) Figure 2b)

Figure 3a)

Figure 3b)

EN 27963:1992

8 © BSI 10-1999

Annex A

A.1 Thickness of the block for calibration of

“non-miniature” probes

If necessary, a thicker block may be used, for

example 20 or 25 mm thick

A.2 Ultrasonic inspection of material before

and after final machining

Two inspections with a longitudinal wave probe

(crystal diameter 10 mm; frequency 6 MHz) are

recommended:

a) With the probe positioned as shown in

Figure 2a), the amplitude of the back echo for a

path length of at least 50 mm shall be greater

than the grass level produced by the grain

structure when the latter is increased by at

least 50 dB

b) No echo arising from any defect in the homogeneity of the material shall have an amplitude greater than the grass level

A.3 Factors to be taken into consideration for the setting of sensitivity

These factors can be divided into the following four main groups:

a) equipment: pulse energy, frequency, pulse shape, amplification, etc.;

b) probe used: type, size, acoustic impedance, crystal damping, polar diagram, etc.;

c) material to be examined: surface condition (in connection with coupling), kind of material (its absorption), etc.;

d) defect analysis: shape, orientation, nature, etc

BS EN 27963:1992

© BSI 10-1999

National appendix NA (informative)

The United Kingdom participation in the preparation of this European Standard was entrusted by the General Mechanical Engineering Standards Policy Committee (GME/-) to Technical Committee GME/23 upon which the following bodies were represented:

Aluminium Federation

Associated Offices Technical Committee

Association of Consulting Engineers

BEAMA Ltd

BNF Metals Technology Centre

British Airways

British Chemical Engineering Contractors Association

British Gas plc

British Institute of Non-destructive Testing

British Photographic Association

British Steel Industry

Electricity Industry in United Kingdom

Health and Safety Executive

Institute of Physics

Institute of Quality Assurance

Light Metal Founders’ Association

Lloyd’s Register of Shipping

Ministry of Defence

NAMAS

Power Generation Contractors’ Association (BEAMA Ltd.)

Royal Society of Chemistry

Society of British Aerospace Companies Limited

Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Limited

Steel Castings Research and Trade Association

The Welding Institute

389 Chiswick High Road

London

W4 4AL

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