BSI Standards PublicationAlarm systems -Part 4: Electromagnetic compatibility — Product family standard: Immunity requirements for components of fire, intruder, hold up, CCTV, access co
Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply
European Standard (EN) that specifies the product performance requirements, which may include EMC requirements but is not limited to EMC requirements
EXAMPLES EN 54 series for fire alarm systems, EN 50131 series for intruder alarm systems
Basic EMC standards provide descriptions and methodologies for testing and measuring electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) phenomena They include details on the necessary test apparatus and setup, offering guidance on selecting severity levels, although they do not specify compliance limits or criteria.
3.1.3 intruder alarm system alarm system to detect and indicate the presence, entry or attempted entry of an intruder into supervised premises
3.1.4 fire detection and fire alarm system alarm system to detect the presence of fire in supervised premises and to raise the appropriate alarm
3.1.5 hold-up alarm system alarm system providing the means fro a user to deliberately generate a hold-up alarm condition
3.1.6 social alarm system alarm system, providing facilities to summon assistance, for use by persons, who can be considered to be living at risk
3.1.7 response time amount of time required for the system to react to a stimulus such as an alarm or fault
3.1.8 indication annunciation of a condition in the alarm system by visual or audible means such as but not restricted to a LED or a buzzer
CCTV system system consisting of camera equipment, storage, monitoring and associated equipment for transmission and controlling purposes which might be necessary for the surveillance of a defined secure area
3.1.10 access control system system comprising all the constructional and organizational measures as well as those pertaining to the apparatus which are required for controlling access
Alarm transmission equipment and networks are essential for relaying information about the status of alarm systems at monitored locations to various annunciation devices at alarm receiving centers.
Abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply
CW Continuous Wave, Carrier Wave
Tests will be conducted individually, adhering to specified compliance criteria for each test When multiple tests are performed on a single equipment specimen, the testing sequence is flexible Intermediate functional tests can be replaced with abbreviated versions, with a comprehensive functional test conducted at the end However, it is important to recognize that if a failure occurs, pinpointing the specific test exposure responsible for the failure may be challenging.
This standard references applicable basic EMC standards in relevant clauses, providing necessary modifications or additional information for specific test applications While the detailed descriptions of test procedures, apparatus, and setups from these standards are not fully repeated, essential guidance is included to ensure proper implementation.
Based on the electrical characteristics and usage of specific equipment, certain tests may be deemed inappropriate and unnecessary In such instances, it is essential to document the decision not to perform the test in the report, including a justification for this choice.
Configuration
When the Equipment Under Test (EUT) is integrated into a system or can connect with other devices, it must be tested in at least the minimum configuration required to validate its performance.
When the EUT has numerous inputs and outputs, it is essential to select an adequate number to accurately simulate real operating conditions and encompass all input/output types For testing purposes, connections to these inputs and outputs, which may be divided into separate cables in actual installations, should also be organized into distinct cables during the tests, such as in the case of detector loops.
All external cables connected to the Equipment Under Test (EUT) and any ancillary equipment must be documented in the test report This documentation should include essential details such as the cable type, length, termination, and the specific ports to which they are connected.
During conditioning, it is essential to monitor the EUT for any status changes, including variations in outputs that may be perceived as status changes by connected equipment.
Environmental conditions
Tests should be conducted at the rated supply voltage for the Equipment Under Test (EUT) and under standard atmospheric conditions as outlined in EN 60068-1:1994, section 5.3.1, unless specified otherwise in the basic standard or test procedure.
– air pressure : 86 kPa to 106 kPa.
Operating conditions
When a relevant European product performance standard (EN) is available, it specifies the appropriate operating conditions for environmental or EMC tests, such as the EN 54 series for fire alarm systems and the EN 50131 series for intruder alarm systems The operating conditions of the Equipment Under Test (EUT) during these tests must adhere to the definitions outlined in the respective standard.
In the absence of a relevant European product performance standard (EN), the operating conditions of the Equipment Under Test (EUT) during testing must encompass at least the primary functional mode pertinent to the specific test being conducted.
"set" mode, for an intruder alarm system during a radiated immunity test)
The configuration and mode(s) of operation during the tests shall be precisely noted in the test report
The variety and the diversity of the equipment within the scope of this standard makes it difficult to define a precise functional test for evaluation of the EUT performance:
The functional test acceptance criteria require that the equipment's operation remains unchanged, and any measurements, such as detector sensitivity, must stay within specified limits without significant variation.
Object of the test
To demonstrate the ability of the equipment to function correctly over the anticipated range of mains supply voltage conditions.
Principle
The test involves subjecting the specimen to both maximum and minimum power supply conditions for a duration that allows temperature stability to be achieved, followed by conducting a functional test.
Test procedure
No reference can be made to an internationally accepted standard at present
Before the conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test (see Clause 6)
7.3.3 State of specimen during conditioning
Connect the specimen to suitable power supply, monitoring and loading equipment (see 5.1) The specimen shall be in its operating condition (see 5.3)
Subject the specimen to the power supply conditions listed in Table 1 until temperature stability is achieved When a relevant European product performance standard (EN) is available, which specifies a functional test for evaluating the performance of the Equipment Under Test (EUT) before and after environmental or EMC tests (such as the EN 54 series for fire alarm systems or the EN 50131 series for intruder alarm systems), the applicable functional test and its acceptance criteria must adhere to that standard.
In cases where there is no applicable European product performance standard (EN) or when the relevant performance standard does not specify functional tests, it is essential to conduct tests or measurements that assess the primary functions of the equipment.
Table 1 – Mains supply voltage variations – Conditioning
Supply voltage max (U max) U nom a + 10 %
The minimum supply voltage (U min) is defined as U nom - 15%, where U nom represents the nominal mains voltage If the equipment can be adjusted for various nominal supply voltages, such as through transformer tap changing, the specified conditioning severity must be applied to each nominal voltage with appropriate adaptations For equipment that is designed to operate across a range of nominal mains voltages, like 220/240 V, the maximum voltage (U max) is calculated as (Maximum U nom) + 10%, while the minimum voltage (U min) is (Minimum U nom) - 15%.
U nom shall include the European nominal mains voltage of 230 V.
During the conditioning process, it is essential to monitor the specimen for any changes in status Once temperature stability is achieved under all supply conditions, the specimen should undergo the functional test as outlined in Clause 6.
After the conditioning at both of the specified power supply conditions inspect the specimen visually for mechanical damage.
Criteria for compliance
There shall be no damage, malfunction or change of status due to the different supply voltage conditions
The EUT shall meet the acceptance criteria for the functional test (see Clause 6), during the conditioning
CLC/TC 79 believes that the specified requirement is more of a performance test than an EMC test This requirement will be eliminated in the next maintenance cycle, but it remains in the current revision to provide performance standards working groups with time to incorporate it into their standards, ensuring continuity.
8 Mains supply voltage dips and short interruptions
Object of the test
The equipment's immunity to brief voltage dips and interruptions in the A.C mains supply, often resulting from load switching and the activation of protection devices in the mains distribution network, is effectively demonstrated.
Principle
The test consists of applying short duration dips and interruptions to the A.C mains supply to the equipment.
Test procedure
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 61000-4-11
Before the conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test (see Clause 6)
8.3.3 State of specimen during conditioning
Connect the specimen to a suitable power supply, monitoring and loading equipment (see 5.1) The specimen shall be in its operating condition (see 5.3)
To lower the A.C mains supply voltage from its nominal value, implement the specified reductions for the designated periods as outlined in Table 2, ensuring that voltage adjustments occur at the zero crossings of the voltage wave.
Table 2 – Mains supply voltage reductions – Conditioning
Duration of reduction (No of periods)
(i.e cycles of the voltage wave)
Number of reductions at each duration 3 3 3 3
It is permitted to use ancillary equipment (e.g A UPS) to meet the requirements of this clause This
Monitor the specimen during the conditioning period to detect any change in status
After the conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test (see Clause 6), and inspect it visually for mechanical damage.
Criteria for compliance
Conditioning should not cause any damage, malfunction, or alteration in status While flickering of an indicator during conditioning is acceptable, it must not result in any lasting changes to the Equipment Under Test (EUT) or affect outputs in a way that could be perceived as a change by connected equipment.
The EUT shall meet the acceptance criteria for the functional test (see Clause 6), after the conditioning
Object of the test
To demonstrate the immunity of equipment to electrostatic discharges caused by personnel, who may have become electrostatically charged, touching the equipment or other equipment nearby.
Principle
The test involves applying electrostatic discharges to accessible parts of the equipment and coupling planes located 0.1 m away These discharges are produced by devices designed to replicate the capacitance and discharge resistance of the human body Details of the procedure will be included in the test report and the manufacturer's installation manual It is permissible to signal a mains fault during the 100% voltage reduction test.
Test procedure
The testing apparatus and procedures must adhere to the guidelines outlined in EN 61000-4-2 For type tests conducted in laboratories, the specified test procedure should be utilized When testing wall and ceiling mounted equipment, the same procedure for floor standing equipment applies, ensuring that the equipment is positioned with its normal mounting surface 0.1 m above the earth reference plane.
Contact discharges shall be applied to the conductive surfaces of the EUT and the coupling plane(s) and air discharges shall be applied to insulating surfaces of the EUT
Each test voltage will involve ten direct discharges applied to the preselected points of the specimen, which should be easily accessible as per the manufacturer's installation instructions.
Ten indirect discharges must be applied to the relevant coupling planes for each orientation of the Equipment Under Test (EUT) Surfaces that are infrequently accessed by operators or service engineers, such as battery terminals, may be exempt unless specified by a product-related standard However, these surfaces must display an appropriate ESD hazard symbol or warning, and the operating instructions should include suitable ESD mitigation procedures.
Before the conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test (see Clause 6)
9.3.3 State of specimen during conditioning
Connect the specimen to suitable power supply, monitoring and loading equipment (see 5.1) The specimen shall be in its operating condition (see 5.3)
Apply the severity of conditioning indicated in Table 3
Contact discharges 2 kV; 4 kV & 8 kV
Number of discharges per point for each voltage and polarity 10
Interval between discharges ≥ 1 s a The test voltages specified are the open-circuit voltages Where the test voltages for the lower severity levels are included, they shall also be satisfied
Monitor the specimen during the conditioning period to detect any change in status
After the conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test (see Clause 6), and inspect it visually for mechanical damage.
Criteria for compliance
The conditioning process should not cause any damage, malfunction, or alteration in status While flickering of an indicator during discharge application is acceptable, it must not result in any lasting changes to the Equipment Under Test (EUT) or its outputs, as these could be misinterpreted by connected devices.
The EUT shall meet the acceptance criteria for the functional test (see Clause 6), after the conditioning
Object of the test
To demonstrate the immunity of equipment to electromagnetic fields (e.g such as produced by portable radio transceivers, mobile telephones, etc.).
Principle
The test consists of exposing the equipment to electromagnetic radiation, swept between 80 MHz and 2,7 GHz The equipment is exposed to a sinusoidal amplitude modulated signal Motion detectors,
Test procedure
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 61000-4-3 or EN 61000-4-20
For wall and ceiling mounted equipment, follow the procedure for table top equipment
The Equipment Under Test (EUT) and its cabling must be installed so that both the EUT and a minimum of 1 meter of cabling are positioned within a uniform plane Additionally, cables connected to the EUT should be organized to maintain a minimum distance.
1 cm gap between cables to ensure illumination in the RF field
The cable type shall be in accordance to the manufacturer’s installation instructions If no instructions are available, an unscreened cable with parallel wires is to be used
In amplitude and pulse modulation tests, the frequency range must be swept incrementally, ensuring that the step size does not exceed 1% of the fundamental frequency from the previous step.
The dwell time of the amplitude modulated carrier at each frequency shall not be less than the response time, however, in no case, shall it be less than 3 s
The pulse modulated carrier's dwell time at each frequency is set to three complete cycles To prevent unintended transient responses at the start and end of each dwell time, the pulse modulation test must be synchronized to ensure that only full pulses are generated.
The test results are significantly influenced by the arrangement of cables In accordance with the cabling documentation requirements outlined in section 5.1, the test report must meticulously document the positioning and identification of each cable, supplemented with photographs or diagrams that include a metric scale Additionally, flame detectors must be subjected to pulse modulated (switched CW) signals, as specified in Table 4, due to their heightened sensitivity to pulsed or switched signals based on practical experience.
Future amendments may require additional devices to be exposed to pulse modulation if they are found to be susceptible to pulsed or switched signals.
For EUTs with extended response times, sweeping at the previously mentioned rate may be unfeasible due to time limitations To address this, it is possible to enhance the required sweep rate to a more practical level by implementing one or more strategies.
To enhance the efficiency of the Equipment Under Test (EUT), it is essential to modify its operation to minimize overall response time This can be achieved through the implementation of specialized test modes or software that effectively reduce delays and sampling periods while preserving the EUT's core functionality.
– by monitoring EUT parameters, which may reveal malfunctions before the EUT exhibits them to the user/interface;
– by comparing infrequent functions with frequent functions which have similar operation
In some cases it may not be possible to detect all possible malfunctions within an acceptable time frame
In instances of malfunctions, both the probability and impact must be evaluated, and the sweep rate should be mutually established by the manufacturer and the testing or certification organization This agreement will be documented in the test report.
The tests shall be carried out as described in EN 61000-4-3 or EN 61000-4-20
The initial test orientation of the Equipment Under Test (EUT) requires the largest area of the PCB to be vertically aligned with the antenna (as per EN 61000-4-3) or the generator port (according to EN 61000-4-20) However, determining the maximum area can be challenging due to multiple PCBs positioned differently In such instances, the EUT should be set up in its normal operational position.
Before the conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test (see Clause 6)
10.3.4 State of specimen during conditioning
Connect the specimen to suitable power supply, monitoring and loading equipment (see 5.1) The specimen shall be in its operating condition (see 5.3)
Apply the severity of conditioning indicated in Table 4
Table 4 – Radiated electromagnetic fields – Conditioning
Frequency range 80 MHz to 2 700 MHz
The upper frequency limit will be reassessed in the upcoming maintenance cycle, taking into account the anticipated growth of higher frequency transmitters, with frequencies up to 6 GHz potentially being included The field strength mentioned refers to the root mean square (r.m.s.) value for the continuous wave prior to modulation This information is applicable only to devices specified in section 10.2, as illustrated in Figure 1.
A = The signal amplitude needed to obtain the required CW field strength (10 V/m r.m.s.)
NOTE This figure is only intended to show the forms and relative amplitudes of the modulation; it does not accurately represent the relative frequencies
Figure 1 – Forms of the modulation types relative to the continuous wave
Monitor the specimen during the conditioning period to detect any change in status
After the conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test (see Clause 6), and inspect it visually for mechanical damage.
Criteria for compliance
Conditioning should not cause any damage, malfunction, or change in status Flickering of an indicator is acceptable during conditioning, as long as it does not result in any residual changes in the Equipment Under Test (EUT) or outputs that could be misinterpreted by associated equipment Additionally, no flickering should occur at a field strength of 3 V/m.
CCTV system components can tolerate picture deterioration at levels up to 10 V/m, provided there is no permanent damage to the equipment under test (EUT), such as memory corruption or changes to programmable settings At 3 V/m, any picture deterioration is minimal, allowing the system to remain functional, while at 1 V/m, there is no observable deterioration in the picture quality.
For radio link components, communication may be disrupted during the conditioning phase within the exclusion bands specified in the relevant section of ETSI EN 301 489 If no other section of ETSI EN 301 489 applies to the specific radio link equipment, the exclusion bands should be referenced from ETSI EN 301 489-1.
Continuous Sinusoidal amplitude modulation (80 %) Pulse modulation wave (CW)
The EUT is allowed to detect and indicate a loss of communication unless explicitly prohibited by its product performance standard In the absence of a published performance standard, the indication must comply with the manufacturer's specifications.
It may be necessary to use appropriate filters to ensure that failures out of the exclusion bands are not due to harmonics generated by the test system
The EUT shall meet the acceptance criteria for the functional test (see Clause 6), after the conditioning
11 Conducted disturbances induced by electromagnetic fields
Object of the test
To demonstrate the immunity of equipment to conducted disturbances induced by electromagnetic fields onto the field wiring (e.g such as produced by portable radio transceivers, radio telephones, etc.).
Principle
The test consists of injecting radio frequency disturbances, in the frequency range of 150 kHz to
100 MHz, onto the various input/output ports of the equipment The equipment is exposed to amplitude
Test procedure
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 61000-4-6, with the following modifications and clarifications taken into account
In amplitude and pulse modulation tests, the frequency range must be swept incrementally, ensuring that the step size does not exceed 1% of the fundamental frequency from the previous step.
The dwell time of the amplitude modulated carrier at each frequency shall not be less than the response time, however, in no case, shall it be less than 3 s
The pulse modulated carrier's dwell time at each frequency is set to three complete cycles To prevent unintended transient responses at the start and end of each dwell time, the pulse modulation test must be synchronized to ensure that only full pulses are generated.
For EUTs with long response times, sweeping at the previously mentioned rate may be impractical due to time limitations To address this, it is possible to enhance the required sweep rate to a more feasible level by implementing one or more strategies.
To enhance the efficiency of the Equipment Under Test (EUT), it is essential to modify its operation to minimize overall response time This can be achieved through the implementation of specialized test modes or software that effectively reduce delays and sampling periods while preserving the EUT's core functionality.
– by monitoring EUT parameters, which may reveal malfunctions before the EUT exhibits them to the user/interface;
– by comparing infrequent functions with frequent functions which have similar operation
The use of artificial hands may be necessary for operating handheld devices that utilize modulated signals, including motion and flame detectors These devices should be exposed to pulse modulated (switched continuous wave) signals, as indicated in Table 5, due to their heightened sensitivity to such signals Future amendments may also require additional devices to undergo pulse modulation exposure if they demonstrate susceptibility to pulsed or switched signals.
In certain situations, detecting all potential malfunctions within a reasonable timeframe may be unfeasible Therefore, it is essential to assess the likelihood and impact of these malfunctions, with the sweep rate being determined in agreement between the manufacturer and the testing or certification organization This agreement must be documented in the test report.
Ports designated for supply or signal lines, excluding AC mains supply lines, do not require testing if the manufacturer's specifications state that cables longer than 3 meters are not allowed to be connected.
Before the conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test (see Clause 6)
11.3.3 State of specimen during conditioning
Connect the specimen to a suitable power supply, monitoring and loading equipment (see 5.1) The specimen shall be in its operating condition (see 5.3)
Apply the severity of conditioning indicated in Table 5
Table 5 – Conducted disturbances induced by electromagnetic fields – Conditioning
Frequency range 0,15 MHz to 100 MHz
1 Hz (0,5 s ON : 0,5 s OFF) a The voltage level quoted is the open-circuit r.m.s value for the continuous wave, before modulation b See Figure 1 c For EUTs as defined in 11.2 only.
Monitor the specimen during the conditioning period to detect any change in status
After the conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test (see Clause 6), and inspect it visually for mechanical damage.
Criteria for compliance
Conditioning should not cause any damage, malfunction, or change in status Flickering of an indicator is acceptable during conditioning, as long as it does not result in any residual changes in the Equipment Under Test (EUT) or affect outputs that could be misinterpreted by associated equipment Additionally, no flickering of indicators should occur at a level of \$U_0 = 130 \, \text{dB}\text{àV}\$.
The arrangement of the system and cables for testing must adhere to the EN 61000-4-6 standard In cases where space is limited and not all Coupling/Decoupling Networks (CDNs) can be positioned within 300 mm of the Equipment Under Test (EUT), some CDNs that are not being injected may be placed further than 300 mm away, but should be positioned as close as possible to the EUT.
In CCTV systems, the picture quality can deteriorate under certain conditions, specifically at a signal level of U 0 = 140 dBµV, as long as there is no permanent damage to the equipment under test (EUT), such as memory corruption or changes to programmable settings At U 0 = 130 dBµV, any picture deterioration is minimal, allowing the system to remain functional Furthermore, at U 0 = 120 dBµV, there is no observable deterioration in the picture quality.
For radio link components, communication may be disrupted during the conditioning phase within the exclusion bands specified in the relevant section of ETSI EN 301 489 If no other section of ETSI EN 301 489 applies to the specific radio link equipment, the exclusion bands should be referenced from ETSI EN 301 489-1.
The EUT shall meet the acceptance criteria for the functional test (see Clause 6), after the conditioning
Object of the test
This article highlights the importance of demonstrating equipment immunity to fast low energy transients generated by relays and contactors when switching inductive loads These transients can adversely affect signal and data circuits, making it crucial to ensure robust performance in such conditions.
Principle
The test consists of the injection of bursts of fast transients onto the power supply and/or signal inputs and outputs of the equipment.
Test procedures
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 61000-4-4, using the test procedures for type tests performed in laboratories
Before the conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test (see Clause 6)
12.3.3 State of specimen during conditioning
Connect the specimen to a suitable power supply, monitoring and loading equipment (see 5.1) The specimen shall be in its operating condition (see 5.3)
Apply the severity of conditioning indicated in Table 6
Table 6 – Fast transient bursts – Conditioning
Number of applications for each polarity 1
The specified test voltages are the open-circuit voltages applied by a CDN DC ports, such as outputs for sounders, are classified as signal ports and are not meant for connection to a DC distribution network Additionally, the capacitive clamp injection method is used for testing, and no test is necessary if the manufacturer's specifications prohibit connecting cables longer than 3 meters.
Monitor the specimen during the conditioning period to detect any change in status
After the conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test (see Clause 6), and inspect it visually for mechanical damage.
Criteria for compliance
The conditioning process must not cause any damage, malfunction, or alteration in status Flickering of an indicator during burst application is acceptable, as long as it does not result in any lasting changes to the Equipment Under Test (EUT) or its outputs, which could be misinterpreted by related equipment After conditioning, the EUT must satisfy the acceptance criteria outlined in Clause 6 for the functional test.
13 Slow high energy voltage surge
Object of the test
This article highlights the resilience of equipment against slow high-energy transients, which can be caused by nearby lightning strikes or switching activities in power distribution systems and low voltage networks, including the operation of large capacitor banks.
Principle
The test involves injecting slow high energy transients into the A.C mains supply lines using both line-to-line and line-to-ground coupling modes, as well as into the signal and extra low voltage supply lines through line-to-ground coupling mode.
The impedance of a transient generator, approximately 2 Ω, is defined by the characteristics of the open circuit voltage and short circuit current pulses, including their amplitude, rise time, and decay time For testing extra low voltage and signal lines, a series impedance of 40 Ω is added to the generator, while a 10 Ω impedance is used for line-to-ground tests on A.C mains lines.
The test pulses are coupled into the leads to be tested by means of appropriate coupling networks, which maintain the test pulses within their specification.
Test procedures
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 61000-4-5, with the following modifications and clarifications taken into account
The Equipment Under Test (EUT) must be installed and connected following the manufacturer's guidelines In addition to the specified earth connections, both the EUT and the interconnecting cables should be insulated from the ground reference.
In cases where a CDN impacts the Equipment Under Test (EUT) or its ancillary equipment, testing must be conducted in two distinct configurations The first test involves connecting the EUT and ancillary equipment normally while applying transients, as illustrated in Figure 2 The second test evaluates the EUT in isolation, acknowledging that this setup may hinder proper system functionality This test is crucial to verify that the EUT can withstand the full energy of the transient without sustaining damage.
A.C mains power lines will experience transients from both line-to-line and line-to-ground coupling modes For line-to-ground coupling, transients are injected through a 10 Ω series resistor Additionally, the distance between the equipment under test (EUT) and the coupling/decoupling network must not exceed 2 meters.
A minimum of 20 pulses of each polarity must be applied at the specified voltage levels corresponding to the required severity These pulses should be synchronized with the mains voltage waveform to ensure proper alignment.
Five pulses are applied at each zero crossing point, as well as at the maximum and minimum points The maximum pulse application rate is one pulse every five seconds It is crucial to confirm that any failures are not caused by excessive pulse frequency If the cause of failure is unclear, the faulty devices should be replaced, and the test should be repeated with a pulse rate of less than one pulse per minute.
Extra low voltage and signal lines must undergo transients induced by line-to-ground coupling mode, utilizing a 40 Ω series resistor For equipment with numerous identical inputs/outputs, such as detector loops, it is permissible to select representative samples for testing Additionally, the length of the signal lines connecting the equipment under test (EUT) to the coupling/decoupling network(s) is specified.
For signal lines specified by the manufacturer to be connected with screened cables, transients should be applied directly to the screen of a 20 m length of screened cable without a 40 Ω series resistor To mitigate attenuation issues, current compensated chokes can be utilized to decouple high-frequency signal lines It is essential to apply at least 5 pulses of each polarity at the designated voltage levels for the required severity, with a maximum application rate of 1 pulse every 5 seconds If failures occur, it is crucial to ensure they are not caused by excessive pulse frequency; in such cases, replace the failed devices and retest with a pulse rate of less than 1 per minute.
Figure 2 – Coupling method 1, if CDN is not applicable
Capacitor is included if the screen is not connected to the EUT or if the EUT is not
20 m screened cable ( non inductively bundled)
Earth connections to be in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions earthed.
Figure 3 – Typical arrangement for coupling onto screened signal lines
Before the conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test (see Clause 6)
13.3.3 State of specimen during conditioning
Connect the specimen to a suitable power supply, monitoring and loading equipment (see 5.1) The specimen shall be in its operating condition (see 5.3)
Apply the severity of conditioning indicated in Table 7
Table 7 – Slow high energy voltage surge – Conditioning
Test voltages a : AC mains supply lines:
0,5 kV & 1 kV 0,5 kV; 1 kV & 2 kV
Minimum number of surges at each polarity, voltage, coupling mode and line: AC mains supply lines
The EN 61000-4-5:2006 standard emphasizes the importance of considering the non-linear current-voltage characteristics of the equipment under test It specifies that the test voltages are the open-circuit voltages, and lower severity levels must also be satisfied Additionally, a 10 Ω series resistor is used, while no tests are required if the manufacturer's specifications prohibit connecting cables longer than 30 m A 40 Ω series resistor is also mentioned, and measurements should be taken at five points: each zero-crossing point and at the maximum and minimum points of the mains voltage wave.
Monitor the specimen during the conditioning period to detect any change in status
After the conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test (see Clause 6), and inspect it visually for mechanical damage.
Criteria for compliance
The conditioning process must not cause any damage, malfunction, or alteration in status While flickering of an indicator during surge application is allowed, it should not result in any lasting changes to the Equipment Under Test (EUT) or its outputs, which could be misinterpreted by related equipment After conditioning, the EUT must satisfy the acceptance criteria outlined in Clause 6 for the functional test.
14 Conducted, common mode disturbances from 0 Hz to 150 kHz
NOTE Testing according to EN 61000-4-16 is under consideration for inclusion in this standard in the next maintenance cycle
Coverage of Essential Requirements of EC Directives
This European Standard, developed under a mandate from the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, addresses all essential requirements outlined in Article 1(b) of Annex I of the EC Directive 2004/108/EC.
Compliance with this standard provides one means of conformity with the specified essential requirements of the Directive(s) concerned
WARNING: Other requirements and other EC Directives may be applicable to the products falling within the scope of this standard
EN 54 series Fire detection and fire alarm systems
EN 50131 series Alarm systems – Intrusion and hold-up systems
EN 50132 series Alarm systems – CCTV surveillance systems for use in security applications
EN 50133 series Alarm systems – Access control systems for use in security applications
EN 50134 series Alarm systems – Social alarm systems
EN 50136 series Alarm systems – Alarm transmission systems and equipment
CLC/TS 50398 Alarm systems – Combined and integrated alarm systems – General requirements
EN 61000-2-2:2002 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 2-2: Environment – Compatibility levels for low-frequency conducted disturbances and signalling in public low- voltage power supply systems (IEC 61000-2-2:2002)
EN 61000-4-16 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-16: Testing and measurement techniques – Test for immunity to conducted, common mode disturbances in the frequency range 0 Hz to 150 kHz (IEC 61000-4-16)