Bsi bs en 13121 2 2003

BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13121 2 2003 GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground — Part 2 Composite materials — Chemical resistance The European Standard EN 13121 2 2003 has the status of a British Stan[.]

GRP tanks and vessels

for use above ground —

Part 2: Composite materials —

This British Standard was

published under the authority

of the Standards Policy and

A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary

Cross-references

The British Standards which implement international or European

publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue

under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or

by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British

enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the

UK interests informed;

promulgate them in the UK

Amendments issued since publication

EUROPÄISCHE NORM October 2003

ICS 23.020.10

English version

GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground - Part 2:

Composite materials - Chemical resistance

Réservoirs et récipients en PRV pour utilisation hors sol

-Partie 2: Matériaux composites - Résistance chimique

Oberirdische GFK-Tanks und -Behälter - Teil 2: Verbundwerkstoffe - Chemische Widerstandsfähigkeit

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 June 2003.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

C O M I T É E U R O P É E N D E N O R M A L I S A T I O N

E U R O P Ä I S C H E S K O M I T E E F Ü R N O R M U N G

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels

© 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved

worldwide for CEN national Members.

Ref No EN 13121-2:2003 E

Page

Foreword 3

Introduction 4

1 Scope 5

2 Normative references 5

3 Definitions 5

4 Protective layers 6

5 Determination of partial design factor, A2 7

Annex A (normative) Determination of partial design factor, A2, in accordance with media lists 12

Annex B (normative) Determination of partial design factor, A2, by service experience 21

Annex C (informative) Evaluation of partial design factor, A2, by testing in situ or by laboratory testing 22

Annex Z (informative) Relationship between this European Standard 31

Annex ZA and the Essential requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC (PED) 31

This document (EN 13121-2:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 210 “GRP tanks andvessels”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or

by endorsement, at the latest by April 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest byApril 2004

This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and theEuropean Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC

For relationship with this European Directive see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this standard.This standard is Part 2 of EN 13121 which in total covers materials, design, manufacture, inspection, delivery,installation and maintenance of GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground This Part 2 specifies requirementsfor chemical resistance of composite materials used for GRP tanks and vessels for the storage or processing offluids, for use above ground The tanks and vessels may be factory made or site built, with or without lining

Annexes A and B are normative Annex C is informative

This document includes a bibliography

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom

European Standard EN 13121 consists of the following parts under the general title "GRP tanks and vessels for useabove ground":

Part 1 — Raw materials — Specification conditions and acceptance conditions

Part 2 — Composite materials - Chemical resistance

Part 3 — Design and workmanship

Part 4 — Delivery, installation and maintenance

These four parts together define the responsibilities of the tank or vessel manufacturer, the materials manufacturers

or suppliers and the purchaser

The design and manufacture of GRP tanks and vessels involve a number of different materials such as resins,thermoplastics and reinforcing fibres and a number of different manufacturing methods It is implicit that tanks andvessels conforming to this Standard should be made only by manufacturers who are competent and suitably equipped

to fulfil all requirements, using materials manufactured by competent and experienced material manufacturers

EN 13121-1 gives the requirements necessary to establish that the GRP material and any thermoplastic lining willhave the required chemical and thermal resistance to the service conditions EN 13121-1 specifies the requirementsfor the specification conditions and acceptance conditions for GRP and thermoplastic materials, which are necessary

in order to establish the chemical resistance properties of these materials in accordance with this Part of the standard

EN 13121-2 gives the requirements necessary to establish that the GRP material and any thermoplastic lining willlhave sufficient chemical and thermal resistance to service conditions Part 2 defines the requirements for theprotective layer and the structural laminate as well as defining methods for proof of suitability to meet thechemical/thermal effects caused by the fluids and of determination of the partial design factor, A2, as required fordesign in accordance with prEN 13121-3 Five methods are described — use of Media Lists, use of resinmanufacturers data, use of thermoplastics manufacturers data, service experience and sample testing Themanufacturer of the tank or vessel may choose any one of these methods subject to here being sufficient dataavailable in that method for the particular application

Together with the requirements and acceptance conditions for the raw materials determined in EN 13121-1, thedesign and workmanship requirements as determined in prEN 13121-3 and the delivery, handling, installation andmaintenance recommendations given in EN 13121-4, EN 13121-2 completes the total standard's requirements

1 Scope

This European Standard gives requirements for chemical resistance of composite materials used for GRP tanks andvessels for storage or processing of fluids, for use above ground The tanks or vessels may be factory made or sitebuilt, with or without lining

2 Normative references

This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications Thesenormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter For datedreferences, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard onlywhen incorporated in it by amendment or revision For undated references, the latest edition of the publicationreferred to applies

EN 59, Glass reinforced plastics — Measurement of hardness by means of a Barcol impressor

EN 590, Automotive fuels — Diesel - Requirements and test methods

EN 13121-1:2003, GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground — Part 1: Raw materials — Specificationconditions and acceptance conditions

prEN 13121-3, GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground — Part 3: Design and workmanship

EN 13121-4, GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground — Part 4: Delivery, installation and maintenance

EN ISO 4599, Plastics — Determination of resistance to environmental stress cracking (ESC) — Bent strip method(ISO 4599:1986)

EN ISO 6252, Plastics — Determination of Environmental Stress Cracking (ESC) — Constant-tensile-stressmethod (ISO 6252:1992)

EN ISO 14125:1998, Fibre-reinforced plastic composites — Determination of flexural properties (ISO 14125:1998)

ISO 1172, Textile-glass-reinforced plastics Prepregs, moulding compounds and laminates — Determination of thetextile-glass and mineral-filler content — Calcination methods

ISO 4433-1, Thermoplastics pipes — Resistance to liquid chemicals — Classification – Part 1: Immersion testmethod

ISO 4433-2, Thermoplastics pipes — Resistance to liquid chemicals — Classification — Part 2: Polyolefin pipes

ISO 4433-3, Thermoplastics pipes — Resistance to liquid chemicals — Classification — Part 3: Unplasticizedpoly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), high-impact poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-HI) and chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-C)pipes

ISO 4433-4, Thermoplastics pipes — Resistance to liquid chemicals — Classification — Part 4: Poly(vinylidenefluoride) (PVDF) pipes

a layer of resin with or without additives in accordance with clause 7 of EN 13121-1:2003, but without nonwovens

or any other fibre

single protective layer (SPL)

a protective layer of resin with or without surface nonwovens to meet slight or less significant effects caused byservice conditions

3.4

chemical resistant layer (CRL)

a protective layer of resin with or without surface nonwovens to meet more significant or major effects caused byservice conditions

maximum design temperature Td

maximum temperature for determination of the partial design factor, A2, by different methods of this standard

The required thickness of the protective layer shall be in accordance with Table 1

When required, flammability and/or electrical conductivity shall be taken into account and/or the protective layershall be selected on the basis of its ability to maintain the purity of the service fluids

The requirements for workmanship of the protective layer are defined in prEN 13121-3

For application in contact with foodstuffs the relevant regulations shall be considered

Table 1 — Required thicknesses of protective layers

4.2 Single protective layer (SPL)

The single protective layer SPL) shall be either a veil layer (VL) or a resin layer (RL)

4.3 Chemical resistant layer (CRL)

The chemical resistant layer (CRL) shall be a single or double veil layer (VL) followed by a layer or layers of eitherchopped strand mat or sprayed fibres with a total mass per unit area greater than or equal to 900 g/m2 The fibrecontent shall be between 25 % and 35 % by mass

Following the veil layer (VL), the subsequent chopped strand mats or sprayed fibres shall be applied before cure

4.4 Thermoplastic lining (TPL)

All parts of the lining shall be manufactured from the same or compatible grade of material

Linings of PVC-U are to be treated initially using a solvent based primer or the initial contact layer shall be appliedusing a specific bonding resin Linings of PP, PVDF, E-CTFE, FEP or PFA shall have a glass or synthetic fibrefabric backing — branches up to 100 mm diameter may use chemically etched E-CTFE or PVDF linings

The initial contact layer applied directly to the thermoplastic lining shall be reinforced with chopped strand mat with

300 g/m2 to 450 g/m2 The minimum bond strength of the reinforcement to the lining shall be in accordance withprEN 13121-3

Subsequent to any forming or machining, the specified thickness shall be maintained This may require initial use of

a thicker lining material

5 Determination of partial design factor, A2

An overall view of handling these methods is given in figure 1

service conditions (media / temperatures)

clause 5.2media lists

mediacateg 1table A.1

mediacateg 2table A.3

mediacateg 3table A.5

SPLCRL

CRL

CRLtable A.6

TPLtable A.8

manufacturer'sdata

clause 5.5serviceexperience

clause 5.6test procedures

clause 5.3

SPL, CRL

clause 5.4TPL

Figure 1 — Determination of partial design factor, A2

It will often be possible to specify the partial design factor,A2, by more than one of the above methods In such cases

it is permissible to choose the method which gives the lowest value ofA2

The absence of data for a particular method is not indicative that a resin or TPL is unsuitable, it usually implies onlythat the service condition has not been studied using that particular method This is especially so for the media listswhich only give data for temperatures as shown in Table 2, for higher service temperatures, other methods may beused

With regard to the service conditions, three possible situations can arise:

a) The service conditions can be considered identical to those for which data already exists In this case themethods listed can be used directly

b) The service conditions are sufficiently similar to those for which data already exists to allow direct use of theexisting data In this case a judgement on degree of similarity and use of existing data is required

c) The service conditions are significantly different to any previously encountered and only those methodspertaining to the evaluation of test laminates shall be used

It is particularly important that the chemical resistance is verified for the full range of service conditions, including anytrace impurities e g organics or fluorides, and transient temperatures In some cases there will be a need to take intoaccount that the protective layer may be exposed to different phases of the service fluids, e g gas and liquid, and thephase boundary between them

Table 2 — Maximum design temperature, Td, used for determination of the

partial design factor, A2

Maximum design temperature, Td

Method of determination by

PP-BPP-R

PVDFE-CTFEFEPPFAlists of media

n a = not applicable

5.2 Determination of partial design factor, A2by using media lists

The media lists when used with protective layers in accordance with clause 4, at different temperatures andconcentrations, are given in annex A

Use of media lists is only applicable when considering use of a resin described in the resin groups in accordance with

EN 13121-1 For other polyester, vinyl ester, furance and phenolic resins which are not in a resin group in accordancewith EN 13121-1, then methods 5.3, 5.5 or 5.6 shall be used

The list of media given in Annex A is not a comprehensive list of all media for which this Standard may be used.Additional data may be found using methods 5.3, 5.4 or 5.5

The lists do not apply for temperatures above 100 °C for category 1 media, not above 80 °C for category 2 media, notabove 60 °C for category 3 media and for mixtures of media.

The lists apply to parts which have been either post-cured or not post cured in accordance with the recommendations

of the resin manufacturer By post cure is meant that the laminate shall be maintained for a minimum of 4 h at aminimum temperature of 80 °C or the HDT of the resin or in accordance with the recommendation of the resinmanufacturer

The partial design factor,A2, is determined by taking account of the category of media, temperature, type of protectivelayer and resin group in accordance with the Table 2 of EN 13121-1:2003, type of fibre and post curing

5.3 Determination of partial design factor, A2 using resin manufacturer's data

5.3.1 Chemical resistance information supplied by resin manufacturers

The chemical resistance information supplied by resin manufacturers shall include details related to the cure of thematerial from which maximum temperatures, Tm, for different service conditions were determined; for example timeand temperature of cure including post cure and heat deflection temperature (HDT)

5.3.3 Partial design factor A2

The partial design factor, A2, using SPL or CRL, shall be determined in relation to the resin manufacturer'smaximum temperature, Tm,for the service conditions and the maximum design temperature, Td

The interpretation of resin manufacturer's maximum temperature, Tm, data in terms of A2, is given in Table 3

Table 3 — Partial design factor,A2, relating to the maximum design

temperature, Td, and the maximum temperature, Tm

Maximum design temperature, Td

a Conditions as given in 5.2 or subject to agreement with the resin manufacturer

5.4 Thermoplastics manufacturer's data

Use of chemical resistance data published by the manufacturer of the thermoplastic material or the manufacturer ofthe thermoplastic lining shall be restricted to data on materials which meet the characteristic properties of EN 13121-1

Direct use of the above data shall be restricted to those service conditions for which the material or lining turer gives a recommendation of suitability in the manufacturer's highest category

manufac-In some cases, referring to the manufacturer of the thermoplastic material or lining, environmental stress crackingshall be considered by a sufficiently low stress level in production and service

When the service fluids include organic media or their mixtures, diffusion may occur that is detrimental to the TPLbond to the structural laminate Reference shall be made to service experience or test data for such media before finalacceptance

Table 4 gives the minimum values for the partial design factor,A2, to be used at different design temperatures

Table 4 — Partial design factor,A2, relating to the maximum design temperature, Td , for TPL

Maximum design temperature, Td

°CTPL Material

a Subject to relevant service experience; see 5.5 and 5.6

5.5 Service experience

This method takes account of situations where equipment is already in use containing the same or a similar serviceconditions The equipment shall be in the form of an existing tank or vessel or as a pipe conveying the fluid

The partial design factor,A2, shall be evaluated by procedures given in annex B

In all cases, the value of the partial design factor, A2, shall be applicable to the same resin or lining as originallyspecified

5.6 Test procedures

Test procedures, given in Annex C, define the requirements for testing and assessment of laminates with SPL,CRL or TPL in order to determine their suitability and to evaluate the partial design factor, A2 Testing should becarried out by exposing specimen or samples of the material to the service fluid at the design temperature forspecified times

In testing the material may be exposed with stress or without stress and the material may be one side exposed tothe test fluid or fully immersed

Consideration is given, whether the material may might suffer environmental stress cracking in service When this

is considered possible, the suitability of the material should be qualified by testing with stress

As a first result of tests, materials may be rejected as "unsuitable" or accepted as "suitable" Following qualification

of the material as "suitable", the method given in C.3 then enables the determination of the partial design factor, A2

Annex A

(normative)

Determination of partial design factor, A2, in accordance with media lists

A.1 Category 1 media

Category 1 media are listed in Table A.1

For maximum design temperature
40 °C, the protective layer shall be a SPL or a CRL or TPL For maximum designtemperatures > 40 °C but
100 °C, the protective layer shall be a CRL or a TPL

The value of the partial design factor A2 for TPL shall be in accordance with Table 4 The value of the partial designfactorA2for SPL and CRL protective layers shall be in accordance with Table A.2

Table A.1 — Category 1 media

Sulphate, aq

Sodium Sulphate, aq Ammonium Nitrate, aq

Fatty acids (> 12 C-atoms), e.g Oleic acid

Palmitic acid Stearic acid

Potassium Bromate, aq Sodium Sulfite, aq

Barium Nitrate, aq

Fruit syrups (3
pH
8), e.g Beet syrup

Raspberry syrup Starch syrup Potassium Chromate, aq Brine, aq, sat Magnesium Chloride, aq Potassium Ferric

Cyanide, aq Calcium Chloride, aq Magnesium Nitrate, aq Potassium Ferrous

Cyanide, aq Calcium Nitrate, aq Magnesium Sulphate, aq Potassium Iodide, aq

Sugar, e.g GalactoseGlucose, SorbitolFructose

Mannose, Mannitol

Calcium Sulphate, aq Manganese-II-Chloride, aq Potassium Nitrate, aq

Cobalt Chloride, aq Manganese-II-Nitrate, aq Potassium Nitrite, aq

Cobalt Nitrate, aq Manganese-II-Sulphate, aq Potassium Phosphate, aq

Copper-II-Chloride, aq Mercuric-I-Chloride Seawater (3
pH
8)

Vegetable Oil, e.g castor oilcotton seed oilsoya oilwheat germ oil Copper-II-Nitrate, aq Mercuric-II-Chloride Silicon Oil/Grease

Copper-I-Sulphate, aq Mercuric-II-Nitrate Sodium Bromate, aq

Copper-II-Sulphate, aq Molasses (3
pH
8) Sodium Bromide, aq

Diesel Oil, fuel oil (EN 590) Nickel Chloride, aq Sodium Chlorate, aq

(no aromatics, no

methanol)

Nickel Nitrate, aq Sodium Chloride, aq

NOTE For higher temperatures other methods may be used; see 5.5 and 5.6

Table A.2 gives the type of protective layer required for the category 1 media at various design temperatures Inaddition, the correspondingA2-factors for post cured laminates are given.

Table A.2 defines also the resin groups in accordance with Table 2 of EN 13121-1:2003, which shall be used for themedia of category 1 at various design temperatures

At temperatures up to 60 °C the resin used for the structural laminate may be different from the resin used for the SPL

or CRL At temperatures above 60 °C a change of the resin shall only be permitted if relevant data of service, test or

of the resin manufacturer are available

NOTE When using different resins the thickness of the SPL or CRL may be required to be increased

Table A.2 — Resin groups to be used for protective layers and structural laminates in contact with media of category 1 and partial design factors,A2, for category 1 media at maximum design temperatures Td

Resin groupsMaximum design

temperature, Td

Laminate

A2post cureda

NOTE 1 Resin groups 1A-8 see Table 2 of EN 13121-1:2003

NOTE 2 For higher temperatures other methods may be used; see 5.5 and 5.6

a Conditions as given in 5.2 or subject to agreement with the resin manufacturer

A.2 Category 2 media

Category 2 media are listed in Table A.3

For maximum design temperatures, Td,
40 °C, the protective layer shall be a SPL or a CRL or a TPL Formaximum design temperatures Td, > 40 °C but
80 °C, the protective layer shall be a CRL or a TPL The value ofthe partial design factor,A2, for SPL and CRL shall be in accordance with Table A.4 The value of the partial designfactor,A2, for TPL protective layer shall be in accordance with 5.4, Table 4 taking into account the maximum designtemperature, Td, for each lining material given in Table A.3

Table A.3 — Maximum design temperature, Td, for category 2 media

CRL PVC-U PP-H, PVDF, FEP,

PP-B, E-CTFE PFAPP-R

Phthalates/Phthalic ester 65 30 30 30 80 Potassium Fluoride, aqb 60 60 80 80 80 Sodium Acetate, aq 80 60 80 80 80 Sodium Bicarbonate, aq 80 60 80 80 80 Sodium Fluoride, aqb 60 65 80 80 80 Sodium Tetraborate (Borax), aq 80 40 80 80 80 Succinic Acid, aq 80 60 60 60 80 Tartaric Acid, aq 80 25 60 60 80 Urea, aq (5pH8) 60 60 60 60 80 Water, not deionised or destilled 80 60 80 80 80

a higher concentration see Table A.5, media class VIII

b synthetic or carbon veils/nonwovens shall be used

NOTE For higher temperatures see other methods; see 5.5 and 5.6

Table A.4 gives the type of protective layer which shall be used for the media of category 2 at the various tures In addition, theA2-factors for post cured laminates are given.

tempera-Table A.4 defines the resin groups in accordance with tempera-Table 2 of EN 13121-1:2003, which shall be used for the media

of category 2 at the various temperatures

With the exception of phosphoric acid, at design temperatures up to 60 °C the resin and the type of glass fibre usedfor the structural laminate may be different from the resin and the type of glass fibre used for SPL or CRL At designtemperatures above 60 °C a change of the resin and the type of glass fibre shall only be permitted if relevant data ofservice, test; or of the resin manufacturer are available

NOTE When using different resins the thickness of the SPL or CRL may be required to be increased

Table A.4 — Resin groups to be used for manufacturing of protective layers and structural laminates in contact with media of category 2 and partial design factorA2 for category 2 media at various design

temperatures Td

Resin groupsMaximum design

NOTE Resin groups 1A-8 see Table 2 of EN 13121-1:2003

a Conditions as given in 5.2 or subject to agreement with the resin manufacturer

A.3 Category 3 media

Category 3 media are arranged into classes I to X and corresponding requirements for resin groups are listed inTable A.5

The type of protective layer shall be a CRL or a TPL

The type of fibre selected for the CRL shall be in accordance with Table A.6

Table A.7 gives the partial design factorA2, to be used for category 3 media applicable to a CRL

For media classes III to IX, with the exception of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, at design temperatures up to

40 °C the resin and type of glass fibre used for the structural laminate may be different from the resin and type ofglass fibre used for the CRL At design temperatures above 40 °C change of resin and type of glass fibre shall not

be permitted

At maximum design temperatures, Td, above 40 °C a change of the resin or of the type of glass fibres used for SPL

or CRL shall only be permitted if relevant service experience or relevant data by the manufacturer of raw materialsare available

NOTE When using different resins the thickness of the SPL or CRL may be required to be increased

The value of the partial design factor,A2, for TPL protective layers shall be in accordance with 5.4, Table 4, takinginto account the maximum design temperature, Td, for each lining material given in Table A.8