/home/gencode/overflow/cen/w12629p1/126 1 11838 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |[.]
Mechanical hazards
Mechanical hazards caused by moving parts of the machine and products
4.1.5 Drawing-in or trapping hazards
4.1.8 Slip, trip or fall hazards
Hazards caused by failure of energy supply
5 ! !Safety requirements and/or protective measures" ! ! " " "
Machinery must adhere to the safety requirements and protective measures outlined in this clause Furthermore, the design of the machine should align with the principles of EN ISO 12100, addressing relevant but not significant hazards that are not covered by this document.
When designing guards, it is essential to adhere to the relevant clauses of EN 953:1997+A1:2009 Additionally, guards should be installed as close as possible to hazardous moving parts, while considering the requirements outlined in EN 349:1993+A1:2008 and EN ISO 13857:2008.
NOTE 1 The protective devices stated in this clause were fixed taking into consideration the criteria described in clause 7 of
NOTE 2 Some guarding examples to avoid contact with hazardous parts are described in Annex B
Where it is necessary to see the working process, guards shall be designed to allow visibility e.g grids, transparent material or electro-sensitive devices
When using electro-sensitive protective devices, the requirements described in !4.2.2 of EN 61496-1:2004", shall be fulfilled
Guards should be positioned away from noise enclosures whenever feasible However, if it is not possible for an individual to be situated between the guard and the machine's hazardous moving parts, combining the guards is permissible.
According to EN ISO 13857:2008, it is essential that the processes of setting, changing molds, cleaning, and maintenance can be performed easily and safely, as outlined in EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009 Additional requirements, if necessary, are detailed in the machine-specific standards EN 12629-2 to -8.
Mobile parts of power transmission
5.1.1 Mobile parts to which access during the machine operation is not necessary shall be protected by fixed guards according to clause 3.2 of !EN 953:1997+A1:2009" (see B.1)
If mobile parts of the power transmission are accessed no more than once a week, and the work can be performed without energy supply, fixed guards must be installed in accordance with section 3.2 of !EN 953:1997+A1:2009.
If the frequency of operation exceeds once a week or if the work cannot be performed with an isolated energy supply, interlocking guards must be installed in accordance with section 3.5 of EN 953:1997+A1:2009 These guards should comply with category 3 of EN 954-1:1996.
If the time required to access the hazardous area is shorter than the after-running time, interlocking guards with guard locking, as specified in section 3.6 of !EN 953:1997+A1:2009, must be installed.
Fixed guards on machines, which are not permanently affixed through methods like welding, must be secured using systems that require tools for opening or removal Additionally, these securing systems should remain attached to either the guards or the machinery when the guards are taken off.
Where possible, fixed guards shall be incapable of remaining in place without their fixings
To minimize the risk associated with the removal of fixed guards for maintenance, it is essential to ensure that they are properly replaced and securely fastened This requirement addresses the potential hazards of guards being left off or inadequately secured due to lost fixings.
The application of this requirement is based on the manufacturer's risk assessment It specifically pertains to fixed guards that users may remove, which poses a risk of losing the fixings This includes fixed guards that could be taken off during routine cleaning, setup, or maintenance activities conducted at the location of use.
Fixed guards are not always required to be removed, as they may only need to be taken off during complete overhauls, major repairs, or when the machinery is being dismantled for relocation to a different site.
Mobile parts taking part in the working process
5.2.1 Mobile parts taking part in the working process and to which access during the operation is not necessary shall be protected by fixed guards according to 3.2 of !EN 953:1997+A1:2009" (see B.1)
When work in hazardous areas is required more than once a week, it is essential to implement interlocking guards as specified in section 3.5 of !EN 953:1997+A1:2009 These guards must adhere to the circuit requirements outlined in EN 954-1:1996, which includes the use of two mechanical controllers in accordance with section 6.2.2 of EN 1088:1995.
When selecting sensitive protective equipment as outlined in section 3.26.5 of EN ISO 12100-1:2003, it is essential that these devices comply with the requirements of EN 61496-1:2004 Additionally, they must provide an equivalent level of integrity as previously described in sections B.2, B.3, and B.4.
When performing operations beneath suspended components that could potentially fall, it is essential to implement independent mechanical restraint devices as outlined in section 3.26.7 of EN ISO 12100-1:2003 These devices must be activated when access to moving parts is required, and there should be clear indicators, such as markings or notches, to confirm that the restraint device is engaged Additionally, the machine must not be able to restart while the restraint device is in operation.
Where access beneath the suspended parts is required as part of the manufacturing cycle, the restraint device shall be engaged automatically
5.2.4 If it is possible to enter the danger zone before the mobile parts have come to rest, interlocking guards with guard locking according to 3.6 of !EN 953:1997+A1:2009" shall be fitted
Fixed guards on machines, which are not permanently attached through methods like welding, must be secured using systems that require tools for opening or removal Additionally, these securing systems should remain connected to either the guards or the machinery when the guards are taken off.
Where possible, fixed guards shall be incapable of remaining in place without their fixings
To minimize the risk associated with the removal of fixed guards for maintenance, it is essential to ensure that these guards are either fully replaced or securely reattached This prevents situations where guards are only partially fixed due to lost fixings.
The application of this requirement is based on the manufacturer's risk assessment It specifically pertains to fixed guards that users may remove, which poses a risk of losing the fixings This includes fixed guards that could be taken off during routine cleaning, setup, or maintenance activities conducted at the location of use.
Fixed guards are not always required to be removed, as they may only need to be taken off during complete overhauls, major repairs, or when the machinery is being relocated to a different site.
Tool-setting changing of tools and machine maintenance operations
The machine must be designed to allow tool setting and maintenance procedures to be performed safely, ensuring that it is completely isolated from all power sources and that any stored energy has been properly dissipated.
5.3.2 If operations as described in 5.3.1 cannot be carried out when the machine is isolated from all power supply, protective devices for moving parts shall be installed as described in 5.2.2
If the operations outlined in section 5.3.1 cannot be performed while the machine is disconnected from all power sources, and if protective devices cannot be installed as specified in section 5.2.2, a control mode must be implemented in accordance with section 4.11.9 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003 Additionally, the visibility of the moving parts must be clearly observable from the main control panel.
If the main control panel does not provide clear visibility of moving parts, a local control panel must be installed outside the danger zone This panel should allow visibility of the moving parts and have the capability to stop them, in accordance with EN ISO 12100-2:2003 standards.
The local control panel shall be activated by a selecting switch according to
If the operations required within danger zones are not clearly visible from the local control panel, a control device must be implemented in accordance with sections 4.11.9 and 4.11.10.
EN ISO 12100-2:2003" (see annex B) shall be installed at the accesses to the danger zone which can only be activated outside the danger zone (see !EN ISO 13857:2008")
The additional control device enables the machine to restart automatically after completing its operation, ensuring that the exit is recognized The startup command is issued from the main control panel (refer to B.7).
NOTE The following are examples of devices that should be used:
Fitting sensitive protective equipment as specified in clause 5.2.2 should be done as close as possible to the hazardous area This equipment must take precedence within the control circuit to stop or hold the moving parts in place The operator can issue a reset command from outside the danger zone when leaving it (refer to B.7).
Implement a time-restricted sequence for machine restarts, which can only be initiated outside the hazardous area after activating the control located within the danger zone, ensuring that all safeguards are properly enclosed (refer to B.7).
To ensure safety during maintenance, install a trapped key device near the intervention zone This device releases a key that the operator retains, preventing machine operation while maintenance is in progress Once the intervention is complete, the operator can reintroduce the key into the system, allowing the machine to restart safely.
To ensure safety during maintenance, install a lockable isolator or switch near the intervention zone The operator must open and lock this device before starting work and unlock and close it upon completion to enable the machine's restart.
5.3.6 If operations beneath suspended part(s) of the machine have to be carried out, see 5.2.3
Manufacturers must ensure that a permanent means of access is provided for any machine parts, such as hoppers, that require daily or more frequent access at height, in compliance with EN ISO 14122-1 to -4 standards.
5.3.8 Travelling functions controlled by remote control
Remote-controlled machines shall be equipped with devices for stopping operation automatically and immediately and for preventing potentially dangerous operation in the following situations:
— if the driver loses control,
— if it receives a stop signal,
— if a fault is detected in a safety-related part of the system,
— if no validation signal is detected within a specified time
For guidance on design of remote controls, see EN 60204-1:2006, 9.2.7."
Safety functions treatment by control networks
In addition to the requirements of !9.4.3.3 of EN 60204-1:2006", the safety related control systems shall be designed according to EN 954-1:1996
!For cable-less control, an automatic stop shall be activated when correct control signals are not received, including loss of communication."
The design logic of the control circuit integrates safety systems by considering the technology of the various components involved to ensure the effectiveness of the safety function.
NOTE 2 The use of dual circuit control system monitored by safety relays is a method of achieving the necessary level of integrity.
Warning equipment
5.5.1 When machines have mobile parts to which operators have access at any time the machine shall be fitted with audible equipment according to !EN 61310-1:2008" and EN 457:1992 (see also clause 7.2)
To ensure safety, it is crucial to provide adequate time between the initiation of a warning signal and the onset of a hazardous movement, allowing all individuals to evacuate the danger zone effectively (refer to EN 999:1998).
Electrical equipment
5.6.1 Electrical equipment shall be designed and installed according to !EN 60204-1:2006"
5.6.2 Emergency stops shall be designed according to !EN ISO 13850:2008, 4.1.4"
5.6.3 To avoid unexpected starting the control system shall be designed according to
Noise
5.7.1 Principles for noise reduction at source by design
When designing machinery, the information and technical measures to control noise at the source given in
!EN ISO 11688-1:2009" shall be taken into account
5.7.2 Noise reduction by protective measures
Where applicable, !EN 12629-2 to –8" give possible protective measures to be implemented in order to achieve further noise reduction where noise reduction measures at the design stage are not sufficient
!The manufacturer shall give information on noise emission In the absence of a noise test code contained in EN 12629-2 to –8, the following applies:
the A-weighted sound power level shall be determined according to EN ISO 3746:2009;
the A-weighted and the peak C-weighted emission sound pressure levels at the operator’s position(s) shall be determined according to EN ISO 11204:2010;
the mounting and operating conditions of the machinery during noise emission measurement shall be detailed with the noise emission values;
the operator’s position(s) where emission sound pressure levels have been determined shall be detailed with the noise emission values
Materials and products
The machines shall be designed taking into consideration !EN 626-1:1994+A1:2008"
Where exposure to release oil mist is likely, engineering controls (e.g brush application, local exhaust ventilation) shall be provided to remove oil mist.
Ergonomic design
The ergonomic design principles described in !EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009" shall be observed
The access openings shall comply with !EN 547-1:1996+A1:2008" to !EN 547-3:1996+A1:2008"
The signalling and control devices of the machines shall be designed and constructed according to EN 894 series.
Hydraulic and pneumatic equipment
Hydraulic equipment shall be designed according to !EN 982:1996+A1:2008"
Pneumatic equipment shall be designed according to !EN 983:1996+A1:2008".
Integrated transport systems that are an integral part of the machine
5.11.1 !Integrated transport systems shall be secured with fixed guards according to 3.2 of
EN 953:1997+A1:2009 and/or interlocking guards according to 3.5 of EN 953:1997+A1:2009 and/or sensitive protective equipment as defined in 3.26.5 of EN ISO 12100-1:2003 (see B.4)."
5.11.2 For tool setting, tool installation and machine maintenance operations, the requirements listed in 5.3 shall apply
5.12 !!!!Additional requirements for mobile manufacturing machines""""
Mobile machines shall be provided with !sensitive protective equipment" as defined in !3.26.5 of
According to EN ISO 12100-1:2003, devices must include deterring or impeding mechanisms in their direction of motion, whether forward or backward Additionally, protective measures must be implemented on both sides to prevent foot crushing by the wheels These protective measures can consist of enclosing guards or distance guards, adhering to safety distances as specified in the combination of EN 349:1993+A1:2008 and EN ISO 13857:2008, section 4.3.
The starting and moving of the mobile machine shall be controlled by a hold-to-run control device as defined in
When a mobile machine operates automatically or via remote control, it is essential to install sensitive protective equipment to prevent movement if individuals enter the danger zone, as outlined in section 3.26.5.
Where mobile machinery operates on predetermined paths or tracks, the safety distances between it and building parts or other obstacles shall be maintained in accordance with !EN 349:1993+A1:2008"
6 Verification of safety measures and/or provisions
For checking purposes the methods shown in the following table shall be used
Table 1 — Checking conformity with safety requirements
Safety distances according to !EN 349 and EN ISO 13857"
Guards according to 3.2 of !EN 953:1997 +A1:2009 "
Safety distances according to !EN 349 and EN ISO 13857"
Guards according to 3.5 of !EN 953:1997 +A1:2009 " and
Interlocking guard with guard locking
Safety distances according to !EN 349 and EN ISO 13857"
Guards according to 3.6 of !EN 953:1997 +A1:2009 " and
Safety distances according to !EN 349,
5.2.3 Check valves X X Hydraulic systems according to EN 982
5.3.3 Control mode X X According to EN 954-1
5.3.4 Localised control panel X X X According to EN 418 and
EN 954-1 5.3.5 Additional control device Remote control
According to !EN ISO 13850" and EN 954-1
According to EN 547-1 and EN 547-2
EN 61310-1 and EN 457 5.6 Electrical equipment X X X
According to !EN ISO 13850", EN 574, EN 954-1, EN 1037,
LpA determined according to EN ISO
5.10 Pneumatic equipment X X X According to EN 983
Hydraulic equipment X X X According to EN 982
5.11 Approach speed X X X According to EN 999
EN ISO 12100- 1:2003" and EN 999 5.12.1 Hold to run control
According to !3.26.3 of EN ISO 12100- 1:2003"
Safety distances in accordance with
!The written instructions shall be drawn up according to 6.5 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003."
They shall specify when the need arises for the use of personal protective equipment.
Safety systems
In the relevant parts of the instruction handbook the use of safety requirements and measures shall be given by the manufacturer of the machine
The application of safety systems according to clause 5 shall be described in the instructions for use
In particular, indications shall be given about the operating mode and on the protection measures to take during mould changing operations
Information shall also be given about the cleaning procedures
Interface
The manufacturer must clearly identify potential hazards and hazard zones in the instruction manual, while also providing essential safety information regarding the interface between the machine and other components of the installation.
In line with section 5.5.1, it is essential to provide recommendations for the installation of appropriate signaling devices, as restarting one machine may trigger the restart of interconnected machines located in close proximity.
Spare parts
The instruction handbook must include a comprehensive spare-part list that clearly identifies all safety-related spare parts and provides detailed information on their replacement locations.
Noise
If noise elimination or reduction as outlined in sections 5.7.1 and 5.7.2 is not feasible, the machine manufacturer must include a warning in the instruction manual This warning should indicate that noise reduction or protection measures may be necessary Additionally, the instructions should recommend the use of appropriate protective measures when needed.
low-noise operating modes, and/or limited time of operation;
7.4.2 !The instruction handbook shall give:
the noise emission values determined according to 5.7.3 as follows:
the A-weighted emission sound pressure level at operator’s position(s), where this exceeds 70 dB Should the sound pressure level not exceed 70 dB, this fact shall be indicated;
the peak C-weighted emission sound pressure level at operator’s position(s), where this exceeds
63 Pa (130 dB in relation to 20 àPa);
the A-weighted sound power level emitted by the machinery, where the A-weighted emission sound pressure level at one operator’s position exceeds 80 dB
the measurement uncertainty associated to these values;
the noise test conditions (operator’s position(s), mounting and operating conditions of the machinery)."
Access
The instruction handbook will outline the required frequency for accessing machine components that have permanent access points, such as the daily cleaning of hoppers.
Storage
Explanation on the necessary means for handling and storage shall be added in the instructions for use.
Oils
An indication on the fact that in certain conditions, oils may initiate a fire
The machine shall bear as minimal marking:
!the business name and full address of the manufacturer and, where applicable, his authorised representative;"
!the designation of the machinery;"
!the year of construction, that is the year in which the manufacturing process is completed;"
designation of series or type;
mass in kilogrammes of the most usual configuration;
Other markings shall, if appropriate, include:
warnings and references to instructions for maintenance and use;
installed electrical power in kilowatts, voltage and frequency
1) !For machines and their related products intended to be put on the market in the EEA, CE marking as defined in the applicable European Directive(s), e.g Machinery."
Examples of machines for the manufacture of constructional products from concrete and calcium silicate
1 Production of constructional products from concrete and calcium silicate
1.1 Machines for manufacturing constructional products from concrete
1.1.1 Machines for manufacturing blocks and similar products
1.1.1.1.1 Pallet machine [One layer machine]
1.1.2 Machines for making hollow bodies like pipes, man-holes, masts
1.1.2.1.1 Machines producing elements whose axes run vertically during production
1.1.2.1.2 Machines producing elements whose axes run horizontally during production
1.1.2.2.1 Machines producing elements whose axes run vertically during production
1.1.3 Machines for producing prefabricated products using vibrating tables 2)
1.1.3.1 Machines for making longitudinal prefabricated elements
1.1.3.2 Machines for producing panel-like products
1.1.3.3 Machines for producing any other forms of prefabricated elements (e.g polygons)
1.1.4 Gilding plant for producing prestressed or unstressed prefabricated elements
1.2 Machines for producing bricks, blocks and elements from calcium silicate
2) Not dealt with by this standard yet
2 Transport and stacking of constructional products which form an integral part with the producing machine
2.2 Equipment for stacking and palletising
Key c Fixed guard according to 3.2 of !EN 953:1997+A1:2009"
B.2 Guarding example according to 5.2.2 with interlocking guard
Key c Fixed guard according to 3.2 of
B Danger zone d Interlocking guard according to 3.5 of
B.3 Guarding example according to 5.2.2 with ! ! ! !sensitive protective equipment" " " "
Key c Fixed guard according to 3.2 of
A Controlled area e !Sensitive protective equipment" according to !3.26.5 of EN ISO 12100- 1:2003" – Opening for frequent access
B.4 Guarding example according to 5.2.2 and e.g 5.11.1 with interlocking and
Key c Fixed guard according to 3.2 of
!EN 953:1997+A1:2009" d Interlocking guard according to 3.5 of
C Access door e !Sensitive protective equipment" according to !3.26.5 of EN ISO 12100-1:2003"
X Position switch with positive action at opening
Y Position switch with negative action at opening
Key c Fixed guard according to 3.2 of
!EN 953:1997+A1:2009" d Interlocking guard according to 3.5 of
MC Main Control e !Sensitive protective equipment" guard according to 3.23.5 of
EN 292-1:1991 f Control mode according to 3.7.10 of
X Position switch with positive action at opening
Y Position switch with negative action at opening
Key c Fixed guard according to 3.2 of
!EN 953:1997+A1:2009" d Interlocking guard with guard locking according to
3.6 of !EN 953:1997+A1:2009" e !Sensitive protective equipment" guard according to !3.26.5 of
C Access door f Local control mode according to !4.11.9 of
Mode selector according to !4.11.10 of
X Position switch with positive action at opening
Y Position switch with negative action at opening
Sequence of activating the switches when leaving the “danger” zone is
Time 1: take the key at the local control ffff
Time 4-5-6: close the guard, activate 6.3, restart the machine from ggg g
Key c Fixed guard according to 3.2 of !EN 953:1997+A1:2009" d Interlocking guard with guard locking according to 3.6 of
!EN 953:1997+A1:2009" e !Sensitive protective equipment" guard according to
!3.26.5 of EN ISO 12100-1:2003" f Local control mode according to
!4.11.9 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003" g Mode selector according to
!4.11.10 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003" h "Acknowledge" switch (6.1, 6.2, 6.3) i Visual obstruction
! Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC
This European Standard was developed under a mandate from the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to ensure compliance with the Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC.
Citing this standard in the Official Journal of the European Union and implementing it as a national standard in at least one Member State grants a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements of the Directive and associated EFTA regulations, within the scope of the standard's normative clauses.
WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard."
[1] EN 981:1996+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — System of auditory and visual danger and information signals
[2] EN 1339:2003, Concrete paving flags — Requirements and test methods
[3] EN 1340:2003, Concrete kerb units — Requirements and test methods
[4] EN 12151:2007, Machines and plants for the preparation of concrete and mortar — Safety requirements
[5] EN 61310-2:2008, Safety of machinery - Indication, marking and actuation - Part 2: Requirements for marking (IEC 61310- 2:2007)"