!For relationship with EU Directives, see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document." EN 1870 Safety of woodworking machines — Circular sawing machines con
General
The machine shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of Clause 5
The machine must be designed in accordance with the principles outlined in EN ISO 12100:2003, addressing relevant but not significant hazards, such as sharp edges on the machine frame, which are not covered in this document.
NOTE 2 For guidance in connection with risk reduction by design, see Clause 4 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003, and for safeguarding measures, see Clause 5 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003.
Controls
Safety and reliability of control systems
This document defines the safety-related parts of a control system, encompassing components from the initial device, such as actuators or sensors, to the power control element of the final machine actuator, like motors or brakes These safety components must meet the requirements outlined in EN 13849-1:2006 across various functions, including starting and restarting, prevention of unexpected startup, normal stopping, emergency stops, interlocking of guards and functions, mode selection, and speed detection and monitoring of the saw spindle Additionally, it covers power-operated adjustments, hold-to-run control circuits, braking systems, trip devices, and monitoring of powered workpiece clamping systems, all categorized appropriately to ensure compliance and safety.
NOTE Where more than one category is given further information about the necessary type is specified in the quoted clauses
In scenarios where category B is necessary, all categories meet the specified requirements When category 1 is required, both categories 3 and 4 comply with the criteria Similarly, if category 2 is needed, categories 3 and 4 also satisfy the requirements Additionally, when category 3 is mandated, category 4 fulfills the necessary conditions.
NOTE 2 6.3 of EN 13849-1:2006 give useful information on combination of safety-related parts to the same or different categories
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams and inspection of the machine
5.2.1.2 Use of well-tried components
Components are considered well-tried if they comply with 6.2.4 of EN ISO 13849-1:2006 (see also Annex H) NOTE 1 Well-tried electrical components are listed in Table D.3 of EN 13849-2:2003
NOTE 2 EN 13849-2:2003 gives useful information on assessment of well-tried components, possible exclusion of faults etc
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams and inspection of the machine
If electronic components are used the requirements given in Annex J shall be met
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine, measurement and relevant functional testing of the machine
Protective devices must comply with specific standards The following requirements apply to the listed devices: a) magnetic and proximity switches must meet the criteria outlined in section 6.2 of EN 1088:1995, and the associated control system should adhere to category 3 requirements.
According to EN ISO 13849-1:2006, component failures must not lead to unexpected movements, changes in operational conditions, or failures in commanded stops To meet category 3 requirements, established solutions such as monitoring and redundancy should be implemented Additionally, if a time delay is utilized, it must either employ a fail-safe technique, such as a capacity type, or comply with category 3 standards as outlined in EN ISO 13849-1:2006.
NOTE 1 Also see 5.4.8 for the EMC requirements on the complete circular saw bench or dimension saw
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine, measurement and relevant functional testing of the machine
NOTE 2 For the components characteristics a confirmation from the components' manufacturers can be useful.
Position of controls
All hand-operated electrical controls shall be positioned ≥ 600 mm above floor level
The start control for the main saw spindle and the scoring saw spindle on circular saw benches or dimension saws, as well as the post-formed edge pre-cutting saw spindle (when applicable), must be located next to one of the stop controls for the saw blade(s).
An emergency stop control, as mandated by section 5.2.5, must be located next to the saw blade(s) start control, unless the start control is positioned at the rear end of the sliding table, if applicable.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement and inspection of the machine
5.2.2.2 Circular saw benches without sliding table and building site saws
For circular saw benches intended for use without a sliding table and building site saws, the electrical control devices for normal and emergency stopping must be positioned appropriately These controls should be located at the operator's position and either below the table, fixed at least 50 mm from the table top, or more than 600 mm above the floor, as indicated in Figure 7.
1) on the left side of the machine (area X) and extending not more than half of the table length L (see b) in Figure 7), or
2) on the front side of the machine (area Y) on the left of the cutting line, or c) on a movable control panel fixed to the machine located so that:
1) its front face is at a distance from the front edge of the table not exceeding 700 mm;
2) its upper surface is at a distance from the floor level not exceeding 1 800 mm a ≥ 600 mm b ≤ ẵ L
Y front side controls area (on the left of saw line)
Figure 7 — Position of controls – Circular saw benches or building site saw
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement and inspection of the machine
5.2.2.3 Circular saw benches with sliding table
For circular saw benches with a sliding table, the electrical control devices for normal and emergency stopping must be located in the designated shaded area Y in Figure 7, or on a movable control panel.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement and inspection of the machine
For dimension saws, the electrical control devices for normal and emergency stops must be located on a fixed part of the machine, such as the frame or a movable control panel, within the designated shaded areas numbered 1 to 5 in Figure 8, and must comply with the specifications outlined in Table 4.
Dimension saws equipped with extra control devices for starting the saw blade drive motor must have a stop control positioned next to the start control, or an emergency stop control located as shown in position 2 of Figure 8 (refer to section 5.2.6).
1 rear end of the sliding table
A maximum distance between the edge of the sliding table and extreme position of moveable control panel
B maximum distance between the saw line and extreme position of moveable control panel
C distance between the rear end of the sliding table support and front edge of the fixed table
L width of the fixed table
Figure 8 — Position of controls – Dimension saws
Table 4 — Possible positions of normal stop and emergency stop controls on dimension saws
C B ≤ 850 mm B > 850 mm mm A ≤ 1 300 mm A > 1 300 mm
The separate start control device for scoring with post-formed edge pre-cutting must be installed on dimension saws at the rear end of the integrated sliding table or in positions 1, 2, or 5 as indicated in Figure 8.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement and inspection of the machine.
Starting
Before operating the machine, ensure that all interlocked guards are properly installed and functional, as specified in section 5.3.7 For guards that are not interlocked, refer to section 6.3 d) for guidelines on tool spindle and guide adjustments prior to starting the machine.
Start or restart shall only be possible by actuation of the start control device provided for that purpose
Control circuits for starting and interlocking arrangements must comply with EN ISO 13849-1:2006 Specifically, if the control circuits are hardwired, they should meet at least category 1 requirements, while those that incorporate electronic components must adhere to category 3 standards.
The scoring saw blade spindle drive motor and the post-formed edge pre-cutting saw blade drive motor must not be able to start before the main saw blade drive motor when equipped with a scoring and/or post-formed edge pre-cutting unit.
For electrically operated machines the requirements of 9.2.5.2 of EN 60204-1:2006 but the exceptions described in 9.2.5.2 of EN 60204-1:2006 are not relevant
Control circuits for interlocking the main saw blade drive motor with the scoring saw blade spindle drive motor or the post-formed edge pre-cutting saw blade drive motor must comply with EN ISO 13849-1:2006 requirements.
1) category 1 if the control circuits are hardwired;
2) category 3 if the control circuits include electronic components
Closure of movable interlocked guards shall not lead to an automatic restart of hazardous movements For each restart a deliberate action of the operator is required
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Normal stopping
The machine must be equipped with a stop control that ensures both the machine and any attached demountable power feed unit can be safely halted This stopping mechanism will also disconnect the energy supply to all actuators, with the exception of those used for workpiece clamping.
The machine shall stop directly from each speed
If the machine is fitted with a spring operated mechanical brake this stop control shall be of category 0 in accordance with the requirements of 9.2.2 of EN 60204-1:2006
If the machine is fitted with any other type of brake e.g electrical brake this stop control shall be of category 1 in accordance with the requirements of 9.2.2 of EN 60204-1:2006
In a category 1 stop control system, the stopping sequence involves first cutting power to all machine actuators and any sockets, except for workpiece clamping, while simultaneously engaging the brake(s) Following this, power to the brake(s) should be cut only after the saw spindle has come to a complete stop, which can be achieved by implementing a time delay as specified in section 5.2.1.4 c).
The control circuit design must ensure compliance with the standard stopping sequence If a time delay device is incorporated, it should have a duration that is at least equal to the maximum run-down time Additionally, the time delay can either be fixed or equipped with a sealed adjustment mechanism.
When fitted with a scoring saw blade, the scoring saw blade shall stop when the main saw blade stop control is operated
A dimension saw equipped with a post-formed edge pre-cutting saw blade must ensure that the stop control not only halts the rotation of the saw blade(s) but also lowers the post-formed edge pre-cutting saw blade to its lowest adjusted position beneath the table, as outlined in section 5.3.7.
The category of the control circuits (also see 5.2.1) for stopping shall be in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2006 and at least:
1) category 1 if the control circuits are hardwired;
2) category 3 if the control circuits include electronic components
For stopping power operated movements of the saw unit or fence(s) see 5.2.8, 5.3.7
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Emergency stop
The requirements of EN ISO 13850:2006 apply and in addition:
Machines equipped with multiple actuators must include an emergency stop control that meets the standards outlined in sections 9.2.5.4.2 and 10.7 of EN 60204-1:2006 This emergency stop device should be of the self-latching type to ensure safety at all times.
The emergency stop control (if fitted) shall be located in accordance with 5.2.2
If the machine is fitted with a spring actuated mechanical brake this stop control shall be of category 0 in accordance with the requirements of 9.2.2 of EN 60204-1:2006
If the machine is fitted with any other type of brake e.g electrical brake this stop control shall be of category 1 in accordance with the requirements of 9.2.2 of EN 60204-1:2006
In a category 1 stop control system, the stopping sequence involves first cutting power to all machine actuators and any sockets, except for workpiece clamping, while simultaneously actuating the brake Following this, power to the brake should be cut after the saw spindle has come to a complete stop, which can be achieved using a time delay as specified in section 5.2.1.4 c).
The control circuit design must ensure compliance with the emergency stopping sequence If a time delay device is incorporated, it should have a duration that is at least equal to the maximum run-down time Additionally, the time delay can either be fixed or equipped with a sealed adjustment mechanism.
The category of the control circuits (also see 5.2.1) for the emergency stop shall be in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2006 and at least:
1) category 1 if the control circuits are hardwired;
2) category 3 if the control circuits include electronic components
Verification: By checking relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Mode selection
Dimension saws equipped with a post-formed edge pre-cutting saw unit must include a mode selection switch This switch allows users to choose between "scoring with post-formed edge pre-cutting" and other operational modes.
“scoring without post-formed edge pre-cutting” in accordance with the principles of 4.11.10 of
The mode selection switch must meet specific criteria: it should have a control system that takes precedence over all other systems, except for the emergency stop; it must be lockable, such as with a key-operated switch; and altering the mode should not trigger any movement of the dimension saw or the post-formed edge pre-cutting unit.
When the "scoring with post-formed edge pre-cutting" mode is selected, the cycle for post-formed edge pre-cutting can only begin after a signal is received from either the rear edge of the workpiece or the integrated sliding table, such as a sensor Additionally, the initiation of this cycle requires the activation of a separate start control device or an enabling device, as specified in section 5.2.2.
The start control device must ensure that each activation permits only one post-formed edge pre-cutting cycle to occur within a maximum of 30 seconds, accompanied by a warning signal, such as a yellow light.
The category of the control circuits (also see 5.2.1) for the mode selection shall be in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2006 and at least:
1) category 1 if the control circuits are hardwired;
2) category 3 if the control circuits include electronic components
The control circuits for the separate initiation or activation of the post-formed edge pre-cutting cycle, which includes a time delay device, must comply with the specified requirements.
EN ISO 13849-1:2006 and at least: i) category 1 if the control circuits are hardwired; ii) category 3 if the control circuits include electronic components
Verification: By checking relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Speed changing/monitoring/detection for circular saw benches and dimension saws
Where a circular saw bench or dimension saw is designed to operate at more than one main saw spindle speed, the following conditions shall be met:
On circular saw benches or dimension saws, the control system for indicating and detecting the saw blade spindle speed must meet specific requirements when the spindle speed is adjusted by changing the belts on the pulleys.
be category 1 in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2006 if using electromechanical means, or
if one sensor per belt position is used only one belt position shall be indicated/detected at any one time or an error shall be indicated."
A circular saw bench or dimension saw equipped with an incremental speed change motor, such as a change pole motor, must have the selected speed clearly indicated in revolutions per minute (rpm) on the control actuator.
Circular saw benches or dimension saws equipped with an automatic control device, such as a frequency inverter, must ensure that the actual speed of the main saw blade spindle does not exceed the selected speed by more than 10% The selected speed should be displayed before the spindle starts, and the speed control system must meet category 2 requirements as per EN ISO 13849-1:2006 Continuous monitoring of the actual speed against the selected speed is essential, with automatic cessation of blade rotation if the actual speed surpasses the selected speed by over 10% Additionally, the actual speed sensor must be tested at a threshold of selected speed minus 10% each time the saw unit starts, and the processor should include an external watchdog function to halt the saw blade in case of a negative test result.
To prevent data loss and falsification, several measures will be implemented: Safety-related data for machine tools will be stored in two independent memory chips or duplicated within a single chip, with one instance inverted Operators must confirm the input of safety-related data, which will be automatically compared at each power-up, data retrieval, and at least once per shift If discrepancies are found, the spindle motor will not start, and a warning signal will activate Additionally, a processor with an external watchdog function will monitor for failures To safeguard against data falsification during transfer, the selected spindle speed will be stored in the inverter control or the speed monitoring unit, and the transmitted speed will be read back and displayed for operator verification.
A circular saw bench or dimension saw equipped for grooving must operate at a tool spindle speed that achieves a minimum cutting speed of 40 m/s, in accordance with the specified tool diameters outlined in the instruction manual.
Control circuits for interlocking, excluding belt position detection provided by electronic sensors, must comply with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2006.
1) category 1 if the control circuits are hardwired;
2) category 3 if the control circuits include electronic components
Control circuits for spindle speed selection must comply with EN ISO 13849-1:2006 requirements Specifically, they should be categorized as follows: category 1 for hardwired control circuits and category 3 for those that incorporate electronic components.
Verification: By checking relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, calculation, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine
NOTE For the components characteristics a confirmation from the components' manufacturers can be useful.
Power operated adjustment of the saw blade and/or fence(s) on circular saw benches or
For circular saw benches and dimension saws, any powered adjustments to the saw blade, including its inclination and the positioning of the rip and cross-cutting fences, must be initiated by a start command from the operator.
Powered movements for the main saw blade and fence(s) must be initiated through a control device, such as a push button or enabling device, that complies with category 1 or category 3 of EN ISO 13849-1:2006 standards.
The control circuits for each powered movements speed shall conform to category B in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2006
Only one powered movement can be activated at a time when using a hold-to-run control device A stop control must be located near the hold-to-run device, adhering to the basic principles outlined in section 4.11.8 b) of EN ISO 12100-2:2003 Additionally, the safety-related components of the control system must meet at least category 1 requirements.
According to EN ISO 13849-1:2006, when the control circuit for a hold-to-run control device meets category 1 requirements, it is permissible to combine the hold-to-run control device with the enabling control device.
Powered movements under electronic control can operate simultaneously, provided that the movements do not result in collisions between moving parts or between moving and fixed components To ensure safe stopping of these powered movements, it is essential that: a) releasing the hold-to-run control devices causes an immediate stop of the powered movement, with power cut to the motors after a controlled time delay; and b) for movements under electronic control, power must automatically be cut off when the target position is reached or when the stop control device is activated.
The speed for the powered movement of the fence(s) shall be ≤ 25 m min -1
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, measurement, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Failure of the power supply
14 Failure of the control circuit 4.11, 5.5.4 5.2.11
17 Falling or ejected objects or fluids 4.2.2 4.3, 4.10 5.3.5
18 Loss of stability / overturning of machinery 4.2.2 5.2.6 5.3.1
Table 2 — List of significant hazards – Dimension saws
Hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events EN ISO 12100
Relevant sub- clause of this document
- machine parts or workpieces due to:
5.2.7, 5.2.8, 5.2.10, 5.3.6, 5.3.7, 5.3.8 d) mass and velocity (kinetic energy of elements in controlled or uncontrolled motion);
- accumulation of energy inside the machinery:
5.3.3, 5.3.8 f) liquids and gases under pressure; 4.2 4.10, 5.5.4
1.5 Drawing-in or trapping hazard 5.2.3, 5.2.4,
1.9 High pressure fluid injection or ejection hazard
2.1 Contact of persons with live parts (direct contact) 4.3 4.9, 5.5.4 5.4.4, 5.4.12
2.2 Contact of persons with parts which have become live under faulty conditions
4 Hazards generated by noise, resulting in:
4.1 Hearing loss (deafness), other physiological disorders (loss of balance, loss of awareness)
4.2 Interference with speech communication, acoustic signals 6.3
7 Hazards generated by materials and substances (and their constituent elements) processed or used by the machinery
7.1 Hazards from contact with or inhalation of harmful fluids and dusts
8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machinery design:
8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 4.9 4.7, 4.8.2,
8.2 Hand-arm or foot-leg anatomy 4.9 4.8.3 5.4.5
8.5 Mental overload and underload, stress 4.9 4.8.5 6.3
8.7 Design, location or identification of manual controls 4.8.7,
4.11.8 5.2.2 8.8 Design or location of visual display units 4.8.8, 6.2 5.2.2
10 Unexpected start up, unexpected overrun/overspeed (or any similar malfunction) from:
10.1 Failure/disorder of the control system 4.11, 5.5.4 5.2.1, 5.2.11,
5.4.13 10.2 Restoration of energy supply after an interruption 4.11.4 5.2.10, 5.4.6,
5.4.7 10.3 External influences on electrical equipment 4.11.11 5.4.8, Annex J
10.5 Errors in the software 4.11.7 Annex J
10.6 Errors made by the operator (due to mismatch of machinery with human characteristics and abilities, see 8.6)
11 Impossibility of stopping the machine in the best possible conditions 4.11.1,
12 Variations in the rotational speed of tools 4.2.2, 4.3 5.2.7
13 Failure of the power supply 4.11.1,
14 Failure of the control circuit 4.11, 5.5.4 5.2.11
17 Falling or ejected objects or fluids 4.2.2 4.3, 4.10 5.3.5
18 Loss of stability / overturning of machinery 4.2.2 5.2.6 5.3.1
Table 3 — List of significant hazards – Building site saws
No Hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events EN ISO 12100 Relevant sub- clause of this document
- machine parts or workpieces due to: a) shape; 4.2
5.3.4, 5.3.5, 5.3.6, 5.3.7, 5.3.9, Annex A, Annex C, Annex D, Annex F, Annex G
- accumulation of energy inside the machinery: f) elastic elements (springs); 4.2 4.10, 5.5.4 5.3.3
1.5 Drawing-in or trapping hazard 5.2.3, 5.2.4,
2.1 Contact of persons with live parts (direct contact) 4.3 4.9, 5.5.4 5.4.4, 5.4.12
2.2 Contact of persons with parts which have become live under faulty conditions
4 Hazards generated by noise, resulting in:
4.1 Hearing loss (deafness), other physiological disorders (loss of balance, loss of awareness)
4.2 Interference with speech communication, acoustic signals 6.3
7 Hazards generated by materials and substances (and their constituent elements) processed or used by the machinery
7.1 Hazards from contact with or inhalation of harmful fluids and dusts 4.8 4.3b, 4.4 5.4.3, 6.3
8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machinery design
8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 4.9 4.7, 4.8.2,
8.2 Hand-arm or foot-leg anatomy 4.9 4.8.3 5.4.5
8.5 Mental overload and underload, stress 4.9 4.8.5 6.3
8.7 Design, location or identification of manual controls 4.8.7,
4.11.8 5.2.2 8.8 Design or location of visual display units 4.8.8, 6.2 5.2.2
10 Unexpected start up, unexpected overrun/overspeed (or any similar malfunction) from:
10.1 Failure/disorder of the control system 4.11, 5.5.4 5.2.1, 5.2.11,
5.4.13 10.2 Restoration of energy supply after an interruption 4.11.4 5.2.10, 5.4.6
10.3 External influences on electrical equipment 4.11.11 5.4.8
10.6 Errors made by the operator (due to mismatch of machinery with human characteristics and abilities, see 8.6)
11 Impossibility of stopping the machine in the best possible conditions 4.11.1,
13 Failure of the power supply 4.11.1,
14 Failure of the control circuit 4.11, 5.5.4 5.2.11
17 Falling or ejected objects or fluids 4.2.2 4.3, 4.10 5.3.5
18 Loss of stability / overturning of machinery 4.2.2 5.2.6 5.3.1, 6.3
5 Safety requirements and/or measures
The machine shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of Clause 5
NOTE 1 In addition, the machine should be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100:2003 for hazards relevant but not significant, which are not dealt with by this document (e.g sharp edges of the machine frame)
NOTE 2 For guidance in connection with risk reduction by design, see Clause 4 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003, and for safeguarding measures, see Clause 5 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003
5.2.1 Safety and reliability of control systems
This document defines the safety-related parts of a control system, encompassing components from the initial device, such as actuators or sensors, to the power control element of the final machine actuator, like motors or brakes These safety-related components must meet the requirements outlined in EN 13849-1:2006 for various functions, including starting and restarting, prevention of unexpected startup, normal stopping, emergency stops, interlocking of guards and functions, mode selection, speed detection and monitoring of the saw spindle, hold-to-run control circuits, power-operated adjustments, braking systems, trip devices, and monitoring of powered workpiece clamping systems Each function is categorized according to specific safety standards, ensuring the overall safety and reliability of the control system.
NOTE Where more than one category is given further information about the necessary type is specified in the quoted clauses
In scenarios where category B is necessary, all categories meet the specified requirements When category 1 is required, both categories 3 and 4 comply with the criteria Similarly, if category 2 is needed, categories 3 and 4 also satisfy the requirements Additionally, when category 3 is mandated, category 4 fulfills the necessary conditions.
NOTE 2 6.3 of EN 13849-1:2006 give useful information on combination of safety-related parts to the same or different categories
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams and inspection of the machine
5.2.1.2 Use of well-tried components
Components are considered well-tried if they comply with 6.2.4 of EN ISO 13849-1:2006 (see also Annex H) NOTE 1 Well-tried electrical components are listed in Table D.3 of EN 13849-2:2003
NOTE 2 EN 13849-2:2003 gives useful information on assessment of well-tried components, possible exclusion of faults etc
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams and inspection of the machine
If electronic components are used the requirements given in Annex J shall be met
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine, measurement and relevant functional testing of the machine
Protective devices must comply with specific standards The following requirements apply to the listed devices: a) magnetic and proximity switches must meet the criteria outlined in section 6.2 of EN 1088:1995, and the associated control system should adhere to category 3 requirements.
According to EN ISO 13849-1:2006, component failures must not lead to unexpected movements, alterations in operational conditions, or failures in commanded stops To meet category 3 requirements, established solutions such as monitoring and redundancy should be implemented Additionally, if a time delay is utilized, it must either employ a fail-safe technique, such as a capacity type, or comply with category 3 standards as outlined in EN ISO 13849-1:2006.
NOTE 1 Also see 5.4.8 for the EMC requirements on the complete circular saw bench or dimension saw
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine, measurement and relevant functional testing of the machine
NOTE 2 For the components characteristics a confirmation from the components' manufacturers can be useful
All hand-operated electrical controls shall be positioned ≥ 600 mm above floor level
The start control for the main saw spindle and the scoring saw spindle on circular saw benches or dimension saws, as well as the post-formed edge pre-cutting saw spindle (when applicable), must be located next to one of the stop controls for the saw blade(s).
An emergency stop control, as mandated by section 5.2.5, must be located next to the saw blade(s) start control, unless the start control is positioned at the rear end of the sliding table, if applicable.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement and inspection of the machine
5.2.2.2 Circular saw benches without sliding table and building site saws
For circular saw benches intended for use without a sliding table and building site saws, the electrical control devices for normal and emergency stopping must be positioned appropriately Specifically, these controls should be located at the operator's position and either below the table, fixed at least 50 mm from the table top and more than 600 mm above the floor, as illustrated in Figure 7.
1) on the left side of the machine (area X) and extending not more than half of the table length L (see b) in Figure 7), or
2) on the front side of the machine (area Y) on the left of the cutting line, or c) on a movable control panel fixed to the machine located so that:
1) its front face is at a distance from the front edge of the table not exceeding 700 mm;
2) its upper surface is at a distance from the floor level not exceeding 1 800 mm a ≥ 600 mm b ≤ ẵ L
Y front side controls area (on the left of saw line)
Figure 7 — Position of controls – Circular saw benches or building site saw
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement and inspection of the machine
5.2.2.3 Circular saw benches with sliding table
For circular saw benches with a sliding table, the electrical control devices for normal and emergency stops must be located in the shaded area marked Y in Figure 7 or on a movable control panel.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement and inspection of the machine
For dimension saws, the electrical control devices for normal and emergency stops must be located on a fixed part of the machine, such as the frame or a movable control panel, within the designated shaded areas numbered 1 to 5 in Figure 8, and must comply with the specifications outlined in Table 4.
Dimension saws equipped with extra control devices for starting the saw blade drive motor must have a stop control positioned next to the start control, or an emergency stop control located as shown in position 2 of Figure 8 (refer to section 5.2.6).
1 rear end of the sliding table
A maximum distance between the edge of the sliding table and extreme position of moveable control panel
B maximum distance between the saw line and extreme position of moveable control panel
C distance between the rear end of the sliding table support and front edge of the fixed table
L width of the fixed table
Figure 8 — Position of controls – Dimension saws
Table 4 — Possible positions of normal stop and emergency stop controls on dimension saws
C B ≤ 850 mm B > 850 mm mm A ≤ 1 300 mm A > 1 300 mm
The separate start control device for scoring with post-formed edge pre-cutting must be installed on dimension saws at the rear end of the integrated sliding table or in positions 1, 2, or 5 as indicated in Figure 8.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement and inspection of the machine
Before operating the machine, ensure that all interlocked guards are properly installed and functional, as outlined in section 5.3.7 For machines without interlocked guards, refer to section 6.3 d) for guidelines on tool spindle and guide adjustments prior to starting.
Start or restart shall only be possible by actuation of the start control device provided for that purpose
Control circuits for starting and interlocking arrangements must comply with EN ISO 13849-1:2006 Specifically, if the control circuits are hardwired, they should meet at least category 1 requirements, while those incorporating electronic components must adhere to category 3 standards.
The scoring saw blade spindle drive motor and the post-formed edge pre-cutting saw blade drive motor must not be able to start before the main saw blade drive motor when equipped with a scoring and/or post-formed edge pre-cutting unit.
For electrically operated machines the requirements of 9.2.5.2 of EN 60204-1:2006 but the exceptions described in 9.2.5.2 of EN 60204-1:2006 are not relevant
Failure of the control circuits
The requirements of Clause 6 of EN 1037:1995 shall apply and in addition:
Control circuits must be designed to ensure that any circuit interruption, such as a broken wire or ruptured pipe, does not compromise safety functions This includes preventing involuntary machine starts, saw blade unclamping, or loss of workpiece clamping, in compliance with EN 60204-1:2006 and EN 983:1996.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Protection against mechanical hazards
Stability
Stationary machines, excluding building site saws, should be securely mounted to a stable horizontal structure, such as a floor This can be achieved through designated fixing holes in the machine frame, as outlined in section 6.3 e).
Displaceable machines equipped with wheels must include mechanisms to ensure stability during cutting operations These mechanisms can include wheel brakes, a combination of wheels and stabilizers, or devices that retract the wheels off the floor.
The building site saws shall be rigid
Verification: By checking relevant drawings, inspection of the machine, performing the building site saw rigidity test of Annex A and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Hazard of break up during operation
Saw blade guards above the machine table must be constructed from either steel with a minimum ultimate tensile strength of 350 N/mm² and a wall thickness of at least 1.5 mm, or from a light alloy that meets the specifications outlined in Table 5.
Table 5 — Characteristics of light alloy saw blade guards
Polycarbonate with a minimum wall thickness of 3 mm, or alternative plastic materials such as polyethylene, polyester, polyvinyl chloride, or polymethyl methacrylate, must exhibit impact resistance that is equal to or superior to that of 3 mm thick polycarbonate.
The saw blade guard beneath the table must be constructed from the same materials as the guard above, adhering to the specified minimum thickness Alternatively, it can be made from cast iron with a minimum ultimate tensile strength of 200 N/mm² and a wall thickness of at least 5 mm.
Verification involves reviewing the relevant drawings and tensile strength measurements, as well as conducting impact tests as specified in Annex G for plastic materials that do not meet the required standards It is important to note that obtaining confirmation from the material manufacturer regarding the ultimate tensile strength can be beneficial.
5.3.2.2 Adjustment of the scoring saw blade and the post-formed edge pre-cutting saw blade
Circular saw benches, also known as dimension saws, equipped with a scoring saw blade unit or a pre-cutting saw blade unit must be designed to prevent these blades from contacting the main saw blade, regardless of its height adjustment This ensures safety and efficiency in operation, as the main saw blade is the largest diameter for which the machine is intended.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Tool holder and tool design
Saw blades and grooving tools and their fixing devices shall conform to EN 847-1:2005 and EN 847-3:2004
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and inspection of the machine
Saw spindles shall be manufactured in accordance with the tolerances given in Annex B
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and by measurement
To facilitate safe saw blade changes, a spindle holding or blocking device must be utilized, such as a double spanner arrangement or an integral locking bar inserted through the spindle This blocking device is essential as it prevents the tool spindle from rotating and must remain undamaged after the spindle drive motor is activated with the device in place.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine, measurement and relevant
Saw flanges (or in the case of flush mounted saw blades, a flange) shall be provided
The diameter of each flange shall be at least D/4 (where D = the diameter of the largest saw blade for which the machine is designed)
Flanges, excluding those designed for flush mounted saw blades, must feature an outer clamping surface that is a minimum of 2 mm wide and recessed towards the center.
Where two flanges are provided, both outside diameters of the clamping surfaces shall be within a tolerance of ± 0,1 mm
To prevent the loosening of saw blades during startup, operation, run-down, or braking, it is essential to establish a positive connection between the saw spindle and the saw blade, or between the front saw flange and the saw spindle.
Flanged bushes shall be provided where the spindle diameter is different from the bore size of the saw blade(s) for which the machine is designed
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine
Figure 9 — Saw flange detail (clamping surface) 5.3.3.5 Quick saw blade clamping device
For machines with a quick saw blade clamping device, it is essential that this device meets specific requirements to ensure safety It must prevent the loosening of saw blades during startup, operation, run-down, or braking by implementing a positive connection between the components.
saw spindle and the saw blade, or
The front saw flange and saw spindle must ensure that un-clamping is not possible during the powered rotation of the saw blade In cases where pneumatic or hydraulic clamping is utilized, it is essential to maintain clamping pressure even during power failures, which can be achieved through the use of a non-return valve Additionally, the run-out of the spindle, where the saw blade is attached, should not exceed a deviation of 0.02 mm when the quick saw blade clamping device is installed on the machine.
Control circuits for interlocking the unlocking mechanism with the powered saw spindle rotation must comply with the standards set forth in EN ISO 13849-1:2006.
1) category 1 if the control circuits are hardwired;
2) category 2 or 3 if the control circuits include electronic components If category 2 is used testing at least at each saw blade spindle start is required in this case
Where test result is negative it shall not be possible to operate the adjustment function of the machine A negative test shall be displayed;
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine
Circular saw benches, also known as dimension saws, must include flanges and a set of spindle rings with a minimum wall thickness of 9.75 mm and an H7 tolerance on their internal diameter These spindle rings should cover the entire usable length of the spindle and be made from steel with an ultimate tensile strength of at least 580 N/mm².
The spindle ring set must undergo a camming test, ensuring that the camming does not exceed 0.1 mm This measurement is taken on the test disk at a diameter of 100 mm, with the spindle set assembled using the same torque as that used for tool mounting (refer to Figure 10).
Figure 10 — Spindle ring camming test
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurements (see Figure 10) and inspection of the machine
NOTE For the strength of the steel a confirmation from the manufacturer of the material can be useful
To prevent the loosening of the grooving tool during startup, operation, deceleration, or braking, it is essential to establish a positive connection between the spindle and the tool, or alternatively, between the ring and the spindle.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurements and inspection of the machine.
Braking
All tool spindles must be equipped with an automatic brake if their un-braked run-down time exceeds 10 seconds, as detailed in Annex I Additionally, the braked run-down time should not surpass the specified limit.
10 s (for measurement of the braked run down time see Annex I)
NOTE In the case of failure of power supply this run-down time may be exceeded
For electrical braking, reverse current injection braking shall not be used
The braking torque shall not be applied directly to the saw blade itself or the saw blade flange(s)
When a mechanical brake is installed, the stipulations in the last paragraph of 9.3.4 of EN 60204-1:2006 are not applicable, and the following criteria must be fulfilled: a) the brake must not be released until the saw drive spindle has completely stopped, which can be achieved through a time delay as specified in 5.2.1.4 c); b) the control circuits for the interlocking function must meet at least category 1, in accordance with EN ISO 13849-1:2006; c) the minimum lifespan of the friction coating and the method for its replacement must be specified, as outlined in section 6.3 aa).
An electrical brake equipped with an electronic control system must have its control system designed to meet at least the standards set by category 2.
EN ISO 13849-1:2006 and shall be tested periodically, e.g by monitoring braked run down time or by monitoring braking current circuit during starting (short braking) The test shall:
1) be independent from the basic control system for braking;
2) be independent from the intention of the operator;
3) be performed at least once within every 8 h of machine running
Where the test result is negative more than three times in succession, it shall not be possible to operate the machine A negative test result shall be indicated
A simple electronic brake designed in category B, compliant with EN ISO 13849-1:2006, is acceptable as an exception to section 5.2.1 n) if its probability of failure in high demand mode (PFH) is below 3 × 10^{-6} h^{-1}.
For calculating the probability of a dangerous failure (PFH) for a simple electronic brake component with no fault tolerance and no testing capability (category B) the procedure described in Annex D of
EN ISO 13849-1:2006 shall be used
Verification involves reviewing the relevant drawings and circuit diagrams, inspecting the machine, and conducting functional tests To determine the un-braked and braked run-down times, the applicable tests outlined in Annex I should be performed.
The spindle brake can only be released to allow manual rotation and tool adjustment, such as for the saw blade or grooving tool, once the spindle has completely stopped turning This release mechanism is designed to activate only after a specified time delay, as outlined in section 5.2.1.4 c), between the control actuation and the brake release.
The machine cannot be started until the spindle brake control has been reset, and resetting the brake control will not trigger the machine's start-up.
The safety related part of the control system for brake release shall conform to category B in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2006
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Devices to minimise the possibility or the effect of kickback
The machine will include a riving knife mounting system along with one or more riving knives designed to fit the various saw blades intended for use with the machine.
The riving knife must be made from steel with a minimum ultimate tensile strength of 580 N/mm² or a comparable material It should feature flat sides within a tolerance of 0.1 mm per 100 mm and have a thickness that is less than the kerf width but at least 0.2 mm greater than the saw blade plate.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and measurement
NOTE For the tensile strength a confirmation from the manufacturer of the material can be useful
Key e riving knife thickness b saw blade plate
B kerf (width of saw blade cut)
The riving knife must have a chamfered leading edge to facilitate a smooth "lead-in" and maintain a constant thickness of ± 0.05 mm along its entire working length, as illustrated in Figure 11, which relates the riving knife thickness to saw blade dimensions.
Verification involves examining the relevant drawings, inspecting the machine, and taking measurements The riving knife must be adjustable vertically to ensure its tip is level with or above the highest point of the saw blade, in accordance with the specifications outlined in section 5.3.5 For further reference, see Figure 12 and section 6.3 m).
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and measurement
The riving knife must be designed to ensure that when mounted, its closest point to the saw blade is 3 mm, and the gap between the saw blade and the riving knife should not exceed 8 mm, measured radially through the center of the saw spindle.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and measurement
The design of the riving knife must ensure that the front and rear contours are composed of continuous curves or straight lines, avoiding any flexure that could compromise its strength, as illustrated in Figure 14.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and inspection of the machine
1 example of acceptable riving knife shape
2 example of unacceptable riving knife shape
3 shaded area: shape of riving knife for machines with a riving knife mounted saw blade guard
The mounting arrangement of the riving knife must ensure that its position relative to the fixed saw flange adheres to the specified tolerances, as illustrated in Figure 15 It is essential to maintain this alignment with the rise, fall, and tilt of the saw blade.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine, measurement and relevant functional testing of the machine
Figure 15 — Positioning of riving knife in relation to fixed saw flange g) arrangement for fixing the riving knife shall be longitudinally stable;
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and carrying out the stability test in accordance with Annex C h) riving knife and its mounting shall be laterally stable;
To ensure stability, conduct the stability test outlined in Annex D, or confirm that the width of the riving knife on either side of the fixing slot within the fixing area adheres to the specified formulae, as illustrated in Figure 16.
For riving knives supporting a saw guard:
For riving knives not supporting a saw guard:
D max is the maximum saw blade diameter for which the riving knife can be used
X and Y shall be measured midway along the riving knife fixing slot in the fixing area (see Figure 16)
The fixing plates' dimensions shall not be less than 2 mm that the dimensions of the riving knife in the fixing area
Figure 16 — Width of riving knife in the fixing area
Verification involves examining the relevant drawings, inspecting the machine, and taking measurements The riving knife must be secured in place by guiding elements, such as guiding pins (refer to Figure 17) Additionally, the fixing slot for the riving knife should not exceed 0.5 mm in width compared to the guiding elements.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and measurement
The riving knife mounting arrangement, as shown in Figure 17, includes guiding pins To facilitate the adjustment of the riving knife for various saw blade diameters, the fixing slot of the riving knife must be designed as open-ended.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and inspection of the machine.
Workpiece supports and guides
The machine is equipped with an adjustable rip fence to accommodate various workpiece widths The guiding component of the rip fence must be constructed from plastic, light alloy, or wood to prevent contact with the saw blade It should be adjustable, allowing the out-feed end to align with the front edge of the riving knife and to be positioned at table level in line with the first cutting tooth of the largest compatible saw blade at maximum cutting height After adjustment, the rip fence must maintain a vertical position and remain parallel to the saw blade's cutting line, with a slight deviation permitted to avoid jamming.
Figure 18 — Rip fence parallelism tolerance/adjustment range d) be either:
1) manufactured from a single component, having two guiding surfaces one with a high position for deep cutting and the other with a low position for shallow or angled cutting (see Figure 19), or
2) consist of two components, one, with a high guiding surface for deep cutting and the other with a low to the support at the same time except in the case of machines with a maximum saw blade diameter of 200 mm, where they may consist of two parts which can be fitted together but shall be removable without the aid of a tool; e) have, on machines designed to be used with saw blades with a diameter greater than 315 mm, a minimum height of A = 90 mm in its high position and a height B between 5 mm and 15 mm in its low position On machines capable of being fitted with saw blades up to a maximum diameter of 315 mm the workpiece guiding part shall have a minimum height of A = 50 mm in its high position and a height B between 5 mm and 15 mm in its low position (see Figure 19) On machines with a maximum saw blade diameter of 200 mm, the workpiece guiding part shall have a minimum height of 30 mm in its high position and between 5 mm and 15 mm in its low position;
1 rip fence in high position for deep cutting
2 rip fence in low position for shallow or angled cutting
A ≥ 90 mm for saw blade ∅ > 315 mm ≥ 50 mm for saw blade ∅≤ 315 mm
The design of the fence must ensure that, when in the low position, the saw blade cannot make contact with the rip fence at point A, even when the saw blade is fully tilted, as illustrated in Figure 20.
1 saw blade in its maximum tilted position
2 rip fence in low position
The design of the rip fence in its low position must ensure that the saw guard can be lowered to the minimum height of the workpiece guiding section of the fence.
Adjustment and fixing of the rip fence position shall be possible without the aid of a tool
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine
Circular saw benches, dimension saws, and building site saws must have a cross-cutting fence, which can be either fixed to a sliding table or movable The fixing arrangement should prevent the fence from lifting or swinging out of position during operation Additionally, if the cross-cutting fence extends beneath the saw guard, its height must not exceed 15 mm.
For cross-cutting fences with adjustable-length guiding parts, it is essential to ensure that if there is a risk of contact with the saw blade, these components should be constructed from materials such as plastic, light alloy, or wood-based materials.
Adjustment and fixing of the cross-cutting fence position shall be possible without the aid of a tool
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine
1 example of acceptable design of shape for locating the cross-cutting fence
2 example of unacceptable design of shape for locating the cross-cutting fence
Figure 21 — Examples of shapes of slot for locating cross-cut fence on circular saw benches 5.3.6.1.3 Workpiece clamping shoe
Dimension saws shall be equipped with a workpiece clamping shoe which shall be mounted on the integrated sliding table, for holding down the end of workpieces during ripping (e.g see Figure 2)
The fixing arrangement shall ensure that the workpiece clamping shoe cannot lift up or swing out of position during use
Adjustment and fixing of the workpiece clamping shoe position shall be possible without the aid of a tool
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine
The building site will feature an integral wedge cutting device, designed to ensure that any components in contact with the saw blade are made from plastic, light alloy, or wood Additionally, this device can be integrated with the cross cutting fence for enhanced functionality.
Adjustment and fixing of the integral wedge cutting device position shall be possible without the aid of a tool
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine
The machine table dimensions must comply with the specifications outlined in Table E.1 for circular saw benches, Table E.3 for dimension saws, and Table E.2 for building site saws, as detailed in Annex E.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and measurement
The machine must include a table or an extension table, ensuring that the distance from the center line of the saw spindle to the far end of the table complies with the specifications outlined in Annex E.
On building site saws the extension table shall be capable of being folded away whilst remaining attached to the machine
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and measurement
The sliding table on dimension saws must be designed to halt its forward movement when the rear of the workpiece support aligns with the center of the saw blade If there is an option to override this stop for blade changes, it should automatically reset to the blocked position once the integrated sliding table is returned to its standard operating range.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine
The facility to override the stop shall be interlocked with the drive motor of the saw blade to prevent the saw blade turning when the stop is overridden
The category of the control circuits (also see 5.2.1) for the interlocking shall conform to 5.2.9
The design of manually operated sliding tables must ensure that there are no crushing or shearing hazards with other machine components, in compliance with EN 349:1993 Specifically, the handle should be designed to prevent the hand from passing through.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Prevention of access to moving parts
5.3.7.1 Access to the saw blade above the machine table
To ensure safety, access to the rotating saw blade(s) above the machine table must be restricted by an adjustable saw blade guard, which can be mounted to the wall or ceiling, or utilized as a riving knife, or attached to the table independently from the riving knife.
This guard may be a self adjustable or self closing guard
The guard must be designed to fully cover the saw blade and scoring saw blade, if installed, and should extend beyond the first cutting tooth at the tabletop level when the blades are set to their highest position.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine b) it shall be rigid;
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and carrying out the rigidity test in accordance with
The lower inner edges of the saw blade guard must feature a rib made from plastic, light alloy, wood, or wood-based materials, with a minimum width of 3 mm This design is intended to prevent the saw blade teeth from cutting into the guard if it becomes misaligned during use If the rib is replaceable, its fixing mechanism should be designed to avoid damaging the saw blade, such as using brass screws.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine, measurement and relevant functional testing of the machine
The saw blade guard must allow for upward movement during cutting to accommodate variations in workpiece thickness, regardless of its pre-set adjusted position After the cutting operation, the guard may or may not return to its original pre-set position.
Verification involves reviewing pertinent drawings, inspecting the machine, and conducting necessary functional tests Additionally, if a self-adjustable saw blade guard is included, it must automatically return to either the lowest pre-set position or the table surface.
Verification involves reviewing pertinent drawings, inspecting the machine, and conducting relevant functional tests For non-transparent saw blade guards, the line of cut must be marked, such as by a groove molded into the guard.
Verification involves examining the relevant drawings and inspecting the machine For machines designed to accommodate saw blade diameters of ≤ 315 mm, the saw blade guard must be either self-closing or manually adjustable in height It should be mounted on the riving knife or separately from it If mounted separately, the guard must be either integrally fixed to the machine or permanently attached to the wall or ceiling Additionally, when the guard is mounted separately but integral to the machine, its support should not align directly behind the riving knife.
Figure 23 — Example of riving knife mounted saw blade guard h) on saw benches and dimension saws which are designed to be used with saw blade diameters of
For saw blades with a diameter of 315 mm, the guard must be either a self-closing or manually adjustable type, independently mounted from the riving knife The support for the guard should be designed for integral mounting to the machine or for permanent installation on the wall or ceiling If the support is part of the machine, it must not align directly behind the riving knife Additionally, permanent wall or ceiling mounting of the guard is not permitted for displaceable machines In the case of circular saw benches or dimension saws equipped for grooving, the saw blade guard must be mounted separately from the riving knife, regardless of the maximum diameter of the saw blades.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine
5.3.7.1.2 Additional requirements for riving knife mounted saw blade guards
To ensure safety, access to the exposed saw teeth must be restricted from the guard mounting point on the riving knife to the first cutting tooth at the machine table level, as well as to the top of the workpiece, regardless of the saw blade diameter or vertical position It may be necessary to install multiple fixing points on the riving knife to meet this safety requirement.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine
To prevent workpiece jamming during feeding, the rear end of the bottom edge of the saw blade guard must be positioned higher than the front end when the guard is fully raised and the saw blade is set to the machine's maximum cutting depth.
1 saw blade guard in its highest position
2 saw blade is adjusted to the maximum cutting depth
Figure 24 — Riving knife mounted saw blade guard bottom edge in its highest position
To prevent misfeeding when the saw blade guard is improperly set or when the workpiece is uneven, the in-feed end of the saw blade guard must feature a "lead-in." When the saw unit is equipped with the maximum saw blade and adjusted to the maximum cutting depth, the lead-in must meet specific criteria: a) the height \( H \) should allow the saw blade guard to be raised by a workpiece that is 20% of the machine's maximum cutting depth; b) the angle \( \alpha \) should be maintained at 40° ± 5°.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement and inspection of the machine
Figure 25 — Dimensions for the “lead-in” at the front edge of riving knife mounted saw blade guards
The maximum outside width of the saw blade guard shall be 40 mm
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and measurement
5.3.7.1.3 Additional requirements for saw blade guards mounted to the table separately from the riving knife
When mounted separately from the riving knife, the saw blade guard must meet specific requirements: it should prevent access to the top and sides of the saw blade in the vertical position, be adjustable in height up to 5 mm above the uppermost saw teeth, and maintain parallel alignment with the table within 1 mm for every 100 mm length Additionally, it should include an easy height adjustment mechanism, such as a handle or push stick holder, and allow visibility of the saw blade height from the adjustment point when set to its lowest position Finally, the design of the base's feed and outfeed ends must permit upward vertical movement of the saw blade guard to prevent misfeeding due to incorrect settings or uneven workpieces.
1) providing of “lead-ins” The front lead-in shall be in accordance with the following requirements
The height \( H \) must be sufficient to allow the saw blade guard to be lifted by a workpiece that is 20% of the machine's maximum cutting depth Additionally, the angle \( \alpha \) should be maintained at 40° ± 5°.
2) equipping the saw blade guard with rollers (see Figure 27) The minimum radius H of the rollers shall be such, that the saw blade guard can be raised by a workpiece with a thickness of 20 % of the maximum cutting depth for which the machine is designed
Figure 26 — Dimensions of the “lead-in” at the front edge of saw blade guards mounted to the table separately from the riving knife
Figure 27 — Dimensions of the roller at the front edge of saw blade guards mounted to the table separately from the riving knife
An automatic adjusting saw blade guard must fully restrict access to the saw blade when the operator is not feeding a workpiece It should also allow for automatic upward movement during cutting operations without jamming the workpiece, which can be achieved using a three-roller climber positioned at the front edge of the saw blade guard, separate from the riving knife.
Powered workpiece clamping
To prevent crushing during powered workpiece clamping, several safety measures must be implemented: a) utilize a two-stage clamping system with an initial maximum force of 50 N, followed by full clamping force activated manually; b) employ a manually adjustable device to reduce the clamp/workpiece gap to 6 mm and limit stroke to a maximum of 10 mm; c) restrict the clamp closing speed to 10 mm/s or less; or d) install a guard fixed to the clamping device to minimize the gap between the workpiece and the guard to under 6 mm, ensuring that the clamp extends no more than 6 mm outside the guard.
The full clamping force of each clamping unit shall be at least 700 N over the whole range of adjustment of the clamping device
The control circuits for monitoring the initial clamping force and limiting the clamp closing speed must meet at least category 1 standards as specified by EN ISO 13849-1:2006.
Where pneumatic or hydraulic clamping is provided the requirements of EN 982:1996 or EN 983:1996 respectively shall be met
Machines utilizing pneumatic clamping must ensure that clamping pressure is maintained during a pneumatic power failure To achieve this, non-return valves should be installed on the actuating cylinders in compliance with EN 983:1996 standards.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine, measurement and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Safety appliances
All machines must be equipped with a push block handle and a push stick, as illustrated in Figures 31 and 32 Additionally, there should be designated storage for both the push stick and push block handle on the machine.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine
Push sticks and push blocks shall be made from plastic, wood or plywood
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and inspection of the machine
Push sticks must have a minimum length of 400 mm, and their design should adhere to the dimensions specified in Figure 32 An illustration of an appropriate push stick profile is also provided in Figure 32.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and measurement
Figure 31 — Example of push block