Bsi bs en 00419 2 2006

untitled BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 419 2 2006 Non domestic gas fired overhead luminous radiant heaters — Part 2 Rational use of energy The European Standard EN 419 2 2006 has the status of a British Stan[.]

Non-domestic gas-fired

overhead luminous

radiant heaters —

Part 2: Rational use of energy

The European Standard EN 419-2:2006 has the status of a

British Standard

ICS 97.100.20

This British Standard was

published under the authority

of the Standards Policy and

Strategy Committee

on 30 June 2006

© BSI 2006

National foreword

This British Standard is the official English language version of

EN 419-2:2006 Together with BS EN 416-2:2006, it supersedes

DD ENV 1259-1:1994, DD ENV 1259-2:1996 and DD ENV 1259-3:1996 which are withdrawn

The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GSE/20, Non-domestic space heaters (Gas), which has the responsibility to:

A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary

Cross-references

The British Standards which implement international or European

publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue

under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or

by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British

— aid enquirers to understand the text;

— present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed;

— monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK

Amendments issued since publication

NORME EUROPÉENNE

1259-3:1996

English Version

Nondomestic gasfired overhead luminous radiant heaters

-Part 2: Rational use of energy

Appareils surélevés de chauffage à rayonnement lumineux

au gaz, à usage non domestique - Partie 2 : Utilisation

rationnelle de l'énergie

Gasgeräte-Heizstrahler Hellstrahler mit Brenner ohne Gebläse für gewerbliche und industrielle Anwendung - Teil

2: Rationelle Energienutzung

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 March 2006.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

C O M I T É E U R O P É E N D E N O R M A L I S A T I O N

E U R O P Ä IS C H E S K O M IT E E FÜ R N O R M U N G

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels

Contents

Foreword 4

1 Scope 5

2 Normative references 5

3 Terms and definitions 5

4 Classification of appliances 7

4.1 Classification according to the nature of the gases used 7

4.2 Classification according to the gases capable of being used 7

4.3 Classification according to the mode of evacuation of the combustion products 7

5 Symbols 7

6 Requirements for the rational use of energy 8

7 Test methods 9

7.1 General 9

7.2 Radiant factor 9

7.2.1 General 9

7.2.2 Method A 9

7.2.3 Method B 19

Annex A (informative) Recording test data (Test Method A) 22

A.1 General information to be recorded 22

A.2 Measurement results 22

Annex B (informative) Blank forms (Test method A) 23

B.1 Model test result form – Quarter sphere burner end and opposite end 23

B.2 Model test result form – Quarter cylinders for appliances greater than 1,3 m long – Front side and back side 24

B.3 Half sphere for appliances less than or equal to 1,3m long 25

Annex C (informative) Worked example (Test method A) 26

C.1 Radiant factor – Recorder data and calculation 26

C.2 Radiant output – Recorded data and calculation 27

Annex D (normative) Procedure for measuring the window correction factor (Fw ) (Test method A) 28

Annex E (normative) Correction of measured radiant output for absorption by air (Test methods A and B) 29

E.1 General 29

E.2 Mean beam length (D) 29

E.3 Absorption of radiation by water vapour 29

E.4 Absorption of radiation by carbon dioxide 30

E.5 Total radiation absorption 31

E.6 Calculation method 31

Annex F (informative) Radiant heat output data - Recording of results (Test method B) 32

F.1 General information to be recorded 32

F.1.1 Test and appliance data 32

F.1.2 Radiometer technical data 32

F.1.3 Measuring plane technical data 32

F.2 Measurement results 33

F.2.1 Test information 33

F.2.2 Test ambient conditions 33

F.2.3 Gas/heat input data 33

F.2.4 Flue gas data 33

F.2.5 Absorption of water vapour and CO 2 data 34

F.2.6 Irradiation measurement data 34

Annex G (informative) Worked example (Test method B) 35

G.1 General information 35

G.2 Radiometer technical data 35

G.3 Measuring plane technical data 35

G.4 Measurement results 36

G.4.1 Test information 36

G.4.2 Test ambient conditions 36

G.4.3 Gas/heat input data 36

G.4.4 Flue gas data 36

G.4.5 Absorption of water vapour and CO 2 data 37

G.4.6 Irradiation measurement data 37

Annex H (informative) Radiometer design (Test method B) 39

H.1 Principle radiometer design features 39

H.2 Radiometer technical design 40

H.3 Pyro-electric detector 40

Annex I (normative) Radiometer calibration (Test method B) 41

I.1 Radiometer calibration 41

I.1.1 General 41

I.1.2 Black Body calibration method 41

I.2 Worked example 42

Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements or other provisions of EU Directives 44

Foreword

This European Standard (EN 419-2:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 180

“Non-domestic gas-fired overhead radiant heaters”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2006

This European Standard supersedes ENV 1259-1:1994, ENV 1259-2:1996 and ENV 1259-3:1996 This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s)

For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this European Standard

This part of EN 419 complements EN 419-1: “Non-domestic gas-fired overhead luminous radiant heaters - Part 1: Safety”

It is intended that this standard would be reviewed 3 years after publication

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom

1 Scope

This European Standard specifies the requirements and test methods for the rational use of energy of non-domestic gas-fired overhead luminous radiant heaters for environmental comfort, incorporating

an atmospheric burner system referred to in the body of the text as “appliances”

This European Standard is not applicable to:

a) appliances designed for use in domestic dwellings;

c) appliances of heat input in excess of 120 kW (based on the net calorific value of the appropriate reference gas);

d) appliances having fully pre-mixed gas and air burners in which:

1) either the gas and all the combustion air are brought together just before the level of the combustion zone; or

2) pre-mixing of the gas and all combustion air is carried out in a part of the burner upstream

of the combustion zone

e) appliances in which the supply of combustion air and/or the removal of the products of combustion is achieved by integral mechanical means

This standard is applicable to appliances which are intended to be type tested Requirements for appliances which are not intended to be type tested would need to be subject to further consideration

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies

EN 419-1: 1999, Non-domestic gas-fired overhead luminous radiant heaters — Part 1: Safety

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in Clause 3 of EN 419-1:

1999 apply together with the following

3.1

radiation reference plane

flat horizontal surface bound by the lower edge of the reflector or, in the case where radiant parts project below this lower edge of the reflector, the flat horizontal surface touching the lowest radiant part (see Figure 1)

2 2

measuring plane (Test method B only)

3.5

measuring grid (Test method B only)

regular arrangement in the measuring plane of straight lines running parallel and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the appliance with sufficient precision (± 1 mm) The nodal points of the measuring grid are located at the points of intersection of these lines (see Figure 2) such that the distance

4.1 Classification according to the nature of the gases used

The requirements of 4.1 of EN 419-1:1999 apply

4.2 Classification according to the gases capable of being used

The requirements of 4.2 of EN 419-1:1999 apply

4.3 Classification according to the mode of evacuation of the combustion products

The requirements of 4.3 of EN 419-1:1999 apply

Symbol Title Unit

D Average thickness of radiating gas layer (from measurement point to radiation reference plane) m

2

if

6 Requirements for the rational use of energy

When mounted horizontally in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and measured by one

of the methods given in 7.2 the radiant factor of the appliance, adjusted to the nominal heat input, shall be in accordance with the values given in Table 2

Table 2 — Radiant factor for appliances mounted horizontally

7.2.1.1 Working area (requirements applicable to all methods of test)

The working area shall be of a size to allow installation of the appliance and shall:

a) provide sufficient ventilation to remove the combustion products and the heat generated by the appliance;

b) have an ambient air temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C;

c) allow the sensors to be positioned free from draughts;

The sensor temperature shall be checked before and after measurements are taken and shall:

d) for air cooled sensors, be 20°C ± 5 °C;

e) for water cooled sensors, the temperature of the cooling water shall not change by more than

± 5 °C during the test

7.2.1.2 Choice of test method

The radiant factor of the appliance may be determined by the method described in 7.2.2 or the method described in 7.2.3

7.2.2 Method A

7.2.2.1 Installation and adjustment of the appliance

The appliance shall be installed at a height of between 2 m and 2,5 m and initially adjusted in accordance with the requirements of 7.1

The test shall be carried out with the appliance adjusted to its nominal heat input or, in the case of a

1999) and supplied with one of the reference gases for the category to which the appliance belongs (see 7.1.1 of EN 419-1: 1999)

7.2.2.2 Apparatus

7.2.2.2.1 Mechanical apparatus

In order to move the sensor positions in an imaginary envelope around the appliance a mobile, rigid test rig having a graduated, circular metal arc, with sensors attached, pivoted on its vertical axis is required The radius of the metal arc shall be within the range given in Figure 3

NOTE It is important to check that the maximum irradiance does not exceed the maximum value allowed for the instrument

40º

60º

80º 100º

120º 140º

160º

180º

90º 0º

70º

50º 30º

surface of the radiometer The radius shall be in the range 1,54 m to 1,88 m For any one measurement, the radius shall not vary by more than ± 20 mm

Figure 3 — Test rig (Test method A)

Test equipment shall:

a) for an appliance with a length of more than 1,3 m, have sufficient adjustment to allow the arc centre to coincide with either end of the reference plane;

b) for an appliance with a length of 1,3 m or less, the arc centre shall coincide with the centre of the reference plane (see Figure 1)

c) be installed in a test area with sufficient floor area to allow marking on the floor for measurement positions;

d) have a detachable or retractable radiation shield in front of each sensor to mask it from the appliance The radiation shield shall be designed and arranged so that the surface of the shield facing the sensor is at thermal equilibrium under the ambient conditions of the working area (see 7.2.1.1) The general arrangement and construction of the radiation shields is given in Figure 4;

e) have an individual radiation shield for each sensor which does not reflect radiation towards any other sensors

f) If appropriate, a guide rail to position the arc along the length of the appliance

Figure 4 — Radiometer shield (Test method A) 7.2.2.2.2 Measurement apparatus

7.2.2.2.2.1 Sensor characteristics

Sensors used shall:

range of 15 °C to 30 °C;

in the radiation angle of incidence;

e) in order to eliminate the influence of draughts on the radiometer, a suitable window shall be installed which shall :

1) have a viewing angle ≥ 170°;

2) This may be necessary for the purposes of calibration

2) maximise radiation transmission in the range 2 µm to 9 µm

7.2.2.2.2.2 Sensor positions

The sensors shall be positioned (see Figures 3, 5a) and 5b)) such that:

a) where a single sensor is used, it shall be capable of being moved along the length of the metal arc and of being positioned every 20° ± 1° (between 10° and 90°);

b) where multiple sensors are used, they shall be positioned along the length of the arc every

a) Integrating surface (Test method A) – Appliance greater that 1,3 m in length

70º

50º

30º 10º

200º 220º 240º 260º 280º 300º 320º

b) Integrating surface (Test method A) – Appliance less than 1,3 m in length

Figure 5 — Appliance integrating surface (Test method A) 7.2.2.3 Working area

Working areas shall:

a) have walls and ceilings that are isolated from exterior influences (e.g sunlight through windows and other heating equipment);

b) have interior surfaces treated so as to reduce spurious radiation reflection (e.g matt reflective surfaces);

during the measurement phase of testing

c) where the emitter is symmetrical (e.g a linear tube) examination of the radiation shall be limited to :

1) in the case of an appliance of less than or equal to 1,3 m long, a quarter hemisphere (the result shall be multiplied by two); or

2) in the case of an appliance of length greater than 1.3 m to a quarter cylinder plus two quarter hemispheres (the result shall be multiplied by two)

7.2.2.4.2 Measurement

Connect each sensor to a milli-voltmeter of the potentiometric type, electronic type or electronic

Make the measurements in a still atmosphere with the appliance in thermal equilibrium when operating under the adjustment conditions described in 7.2.2.1

NOTE It is important to measure the outside temperature of the instrument to ensure it is not being overheated

The measurement points shall be situated at the intersection of the parallels and the meridians (see Figures 5a) and 5b)) such that:

a) for an appliance less than or equal to 1,3 m long, the measurement point shall be on the hemisphere required for a panel and the intersections shall be at meridians 0°, 20°, 40° etc, up to

180°, with parallels 10°, 30°, 50° etc up to 90° (see Figure 5b));

b) for an appliance of length greater than 1,3 m, the measurement point shall be on the half

50° etc up to 170°, with parallels 10°, 30°, 50° etc up to 90°

On the half cylinder required for a reference surface of length L for a number of measurements N, the

intersections shall be at the points given by Expression (1)

where :

L is the reference surface length;

N is the number of measurements taken

with parallels at 10°, 30°, 50° etc up to 90°

L/N shall have a maximum value of 0,8 m

7.2.2.4.3 Determination of radiant factor

The test shall be performed in stages by:

a) measuring the voltage at all points shown in the imaginary envelope These measurements shall be made with and without the radiation shield in place (see Figure 4)

The actual irradiance E can then be calculated using Equation (2)

Fw is the window correction factor;

S is the radiometer sensitivity in µV/(W/m2)

b) integrating over the envelope of each quarter sphere and quarter cylinder to obtain the energy received from the appliance and its contribution to the radiant output (see Annexes A and B);

1) for an appliance less than or equal to 1,3 m long :

where :

Q (R)M is the measured radiant output in W;

Q (R)5 is the radiant output of the hemisphere in W

2) for an appliance of length greater than 1,3 m :

where :

Q(R)1 is the radiant output of the quarter sphere (burner end) in W;

Q(R)3 is the radiant output of the quarter cylinder (burner side) in W;

Q(R)4 is the radiant output of the quarter cylinder (opposite side) in W

Qm = Vo(Hi) (5)

where :

Qm is the heat input to the appliance in W;

Hi is the net calorific value of the test gas in Wh/m3; and

15 ,

g

p p p t

V is the gas volume input at the test conditions in m3/h;

p is the gas supply pressure in mbar;

pw is the saturation vapour pressure of the fuel gas at temperature tg in mbar;

NOTE Qm is derived from the gas volume flow rate under reference conditions and the net

calorific value of the gas used for testing, utilising the units specified in Clause 5 Equation (6)

is not the same as that given in EN 416-1 for the calculation of the nominal heat input, which is not appropriate in this instance

m

) R (

Q(R)c is the radiant output after correction for the absorption of radiation in air in W;

(R)M (R)c

TOT1-

Q Q

A

=

ATOT is the radiant correction factor for water vapour and CO2 in air

NOTE For the calculation of ATOT see Annex E

The requirements given in Clause 6 shall be satisfied

7.2.3.1.2.1 General radiometer requirements

For the measurements, one or more radiometers can be used at the same time, each having a

Each radiometer shall be calibrated in accordance with the requirements of Annex I

Only radiometers that have thermostatically controlled water-cooling and nitrogen purge for the integrating sphere shall be used

NOTE An example of a proved and tested radiometer design is given in Annex H

7.2.3.1.2.2 Mechanical test equipment

Test equipment shall:

a) if it is mechanical equipment, enable the appliance to be suspended horizontally in accordance with the requirements of 7.1; and

b) provide a stable, mobile test arrangement enabling the radiometer to be adjusted accurately

in the measuring plane

NOTE Adjustment may be achieved by hand or automatically

7.2.3.1.2.3 Radiometer measurement positions

Before commencing the test, the first and last node points (measurement points) shall be established where the parallel and perpendicular lines intersect This is achieved by measuring the irradiance at the edge of the reflector and the crossover points or nodes are where irradiation is smaller than 1 %

of the maximum measured value under the appliance

The radiometer shall be positioned at the nodal points of the measurement grid (see Figure 2)

7.2.3.1.3 Working area

The test shall be carried out in a working area having a floor with a non-reflecting surface

7.2.3.1.4 Test procedure

7.2.3.1.4.1 Measuring principle

Radiant output is determined by means of a radiometric method in which the irradiance in the measuring plane is measured and the measured values are integrated over the area of the measuring grid

7.2.3.1.4.2 Measuring method

The radiometer is placed at each of the nodal points specified in 3.5 with a maximum deviation (for each of the three axes) of 3 mm and a measurement of the irradiance is taken as soon as the reading

is stable

The radiometer axis shall not incline by more than 2° from the perpendicular

NOTE It is recommended that the measuring sequence is recorded using an automatic system

7.2.3.1.5 Calculation of radiant output

The radiant output corresponds to the sum of all the products between the individual node surface and the arithmetic mean of the measured values of the irradiance of the four nodes forming each node surface (see Figure 2)

where :

U is the sensor voltage in µV;

S is the radiometer sensitivity in µV/(W/m2)

4

, 1 , , 1 1 ,

i

ij

E E

E E

j i

M

Q

1 1

if if )

where :

Fif is the area of the measurement cell in m2 (see Figure 2);

Eif is the average irradiance over the measurement cell Fij in W/m2

7.2.3.1.6 Calculation of heat input

The heat input to the appliance is given by Equation (5)

15 ,

g

p p p t

NOTE This heat input is derived from the gas volume flow rate under reference conditions and the net calorific value of the gas used for testing, utilising the units specified in Clause 5 The equation is not the same as that given in EN 419-1 for the calculation of the nominal heat input, which is not appropriate in this instance

7.2.3.1.7 Calculation of radiant factor

The radiant factor (Rf) of the appliance is given by Equation (6)

Annex A

(informative)

Recording test data (Test Method A)

A.1 General information to be recorded

Technician : Test date :

Air temperature (after) : _ °C Flue gas temperature (after) : °C

L/N : m ATOT : _ a)

For appliances greater than 1,3 m in length

A.2 Measurement results

Radiant output (Q(R)c)after correction for absorption of radiation in air :

Q (R )c = Q(R)M /(1 - A TOT ) = W

Radiant factor (Rf) :

R f = Q (R)c /Q M = _