Bsi bs au 224b 1997 scan

An spe ial provisio s or proc d ures to minimize the risk ofi nju ry or dama e sha ll be cl earl y spe cifie d... Base width o fa typical vehicle ramp rB arier stop Figur 3.. Typical veh

STD-BSI BS AU 2 4B-ENGL L777 W Lb24bb7 Ob1 7 31 707 e

ICs 4 18

Ní C.OPYING WT H IJT BSI PE MIS ION E C P AS PE MIT E B COPY IGHT LAW

12 b: 1997

Amd No

Frs p blsh d F bur 19 88

Amd 59 70, Ju e 19 88

The fo llo wing BSI references

rela te tnt he work o thi

sta nd a r d :

Com mitt ee reference Am9

Dra t for comm ent 9 5R16064 D C

ISBN O 6 0 2 3 6 1

BS AU 2 24 b : 1 97

The p rep arati o n ofthsBritish Stan ard was e n tru ste d t o T c nicl Commite

AW9, Automo ie de tai ls a d ac cesso ri e s, upon which th e folowing bodies w ere

rep re sented:

Automobile As s o c iation

C ons umer Polcy Commite ofB SI

D epartment ofTra e and Indu stry (C ons umer S fty Unit, CA Divis io )

D ep artment of'Ii-a s po rt

Garage Eq ip ment As s oc iatio n

I n stitu te of?k.a in Sta nd ar d s Adminis ts atio

So c iety ofMotor M anufactu rers a d Ik-ader Limited

T is B tish St a nd a rd , h a vin

b e prepa r ed u d er t he

d irect io of t he En in er in

S cto Boa r d , wa p blsh d

u d er t he a uthority oft he

St a nd a rd s Bo rd a nd com es int

e et o

1 Oct obe 19 97

O BS I 19 9 7

B S AU 224b :19 9 7

Con te n ts

page

2 Normative re e ren ces

3 D efinitio ns

6 Markin g

A ( no rmati v e) C las s ific atio n ofvehi c l es acc o rdi ng t the E U 4

B

C ( no rmati v e) Rolhf an d o ve rtrav el test

(normative) Test fo r lo ngitu inai mo ement

4

4

E ( no rmati v e) Ts oframp platform sec ti o n stren gth 6

F igures

STD-BSI BS AU 2 ’ B-ENGL 1997 Lb24bb7 Obi4 0 4 blb D

BS AU 22 4 b : 19 9 7

T h i s Britis h Stan dard h s bee n prepared b Tec hnic al C ommitte AU E/S to esta li sh a

stan dard ofp erfo rma c e for p rta l e whe l ramp s to e n su re tha t they a re s ufic iently

ro u st so that u n de r no rmal u se they wi n ot fai l The stan dard al so aims t o en su re

that the ramp s a re con stru cted an d desi g ne d s that th e y wi l be stabl e a n d wi n t

d mage the vehic le when u sed in their i ntende d ma ner I su pe rse des BS AU 2 4 :

19 8 whic h is w i thdraw n

Thi s Britis h Sta d rd cls for the us ofsu bstan ce s a d r proc du re s th at ma be

iqju o s to health if a e qu ate pre au tion s a re no t taken I re fer o iy to te c hni c al

su i tab i l i ty a d does n ot a so l ve the u ser fro m leg al o bl i g ati o ns re l ati n g to health a d

safety a a y stag e

Complanc e with a British Standard does not ofit elf confe immunity

from leg l obl g tions

S mmary of pa es

This do c u me nt c o mp ri ses a fro nt c over, a ins ide front c over, p ag e s i an d i, p ag es

1 to 6, a i nsi de b ck c o v er a nd a b ack co er

STD-BSI BS AU E'2 B-ENGL 1997 Ip Lb24bb7 Ob47035 552 W

BS AU 224b :19 9 7

1 Scope

This British Sta nd ar d spe ifies r eq uir em ents for t he

de si gn , co sb ctio , perfor m anc a nd marki ng of

p rtable whee l ra m ps for car s a nd li g ht v n s

This Bri ti sh Sta nd ar d incor porat es, by d ated or

u d a ted ref renc , pro ision s fro m other

pu bl i cation s T h ese n ormativ e ref renc s a re made

at t he a ppropria te pla ces in t he t ext a nd t he cited

pu bl i catio is lst ed o t he insid e back cov er F or

d at ed r ef renc s, o nl y t he editio cited a pl ie s; any

su seq uent am end m ents to or re vision s oft he cited

pu bl i catio appl y to this sta nd ar d only wh en

incorp ra ted in t he ref renc b amen dmen t or

revi si o n For u d at ed r ef r enc s,t he la test e ditio of

t he cited pu bl icatio a pples, together w i th any

ame n dmen ts

3 De initions

For the p r poses oft his sta nd a rd t he fo li o w i ng

defin iti on s ap p l y

3.1 bar ie s op

devic to impe de a v eh icl e trave l l in g be yon d t he

pl atform area oft he wh ee l ramp

3.2 base plane

plane wh ich includ es t he p ints ofco tact betwee n

t he base oft he wh e el ramp a nd t he surface u po

w h ich it r est s (se figu re i)

3.3 base width

minimum width m easured a cros t he base ofa wh e el

ram p (se figu re 2)

3.4 longitudinal mo ement

mo ve ment oft he ramp o t he su p rtin surîace,

forwar d s or r ea rwa rd s, as a v eh icl e is driven o or

o ff

3.5 o e al diamete oftyr

d iam eter ofa n i n fl ate d tyre at t he o term ost surfa ce

oft he trea d

3.6 o e tra el

actio ofa v eh icl e trave l l in g of the pl atform se tio

ofa wh e el ramp i n a d irectio past t he ba rrier st op

3.7 plan ar a of the base

a r ea oft he ba se pla ne e n cl osed b y the p ints of

co ta ct betwe n t he wh ee l ramp and t he sur fa ce o

w h ich it rest s (se figu re 2 )

3.8 plan ar a of the incl ne se tion

area o ta ined b proje ctin g the perim et er oft he

i n cl in e se t io ve rtical l y d ownward s o to t he ba se

plane (a rea A i n figu re 2 )

3.9 proje ted plan ar a o fthe platorm se tion

area o ta ined by proje ctin g t he per im eter ofthe

pl atform se tio vertical l y d ownwa rd s o to t he base

pl an e (ar ea B in figu re 2)

3.10 ramp height

ma imum d ista nc betwee n t he pl atform se tio a nd

t he ba se pla ne (se figu re 1)

3.1 rated capacity

( Saf Workin Lo d (SWL)

ca pa cit y ra ted b y t he m anufacturer as the maxim u m

m ass t hat ma be saf l y su p rted by a sin gl e wh e el

ramp

3.12 rol -of

actio ofa v eh icl e de sc n din g fro m a wh e el ramp

such tha t its tyre tra vels do w n the in cl in e oft he

ra m p

3.13 vehicle

passen er ca r or l i g ht v an ofcl as ificatio M1 or N1

(se a nnex A)

3.14 whe l ramp

devic con sistin g ofan in cl in e se tio and a pl atform

se tio o to wh ich a v eh icl e is driven for the

p rpose ofm a intena nc or displ ay (se figu re 3)

4 Design

4.1 Minimum rated capacity

The minimum ra ted ca acity ofa sin gl e whe l ramp

sha ll be 10 0 0 kg

4.2 Angle ofincl ne se tion

The ma imum a g l e bet we n t he in cl in e se tio a nd

t he base pla ne shall be 2 5"

4.3 Stabi ity

4.3.1 The base width di v i de d b the r am p h e igh t

shall n ot b e les tha n 1.2

4.3.2 The proje ted pl an a reas oft he pl atform

se tio a nd t he in cl in e se tio sha li b th l ie en tire l y

with in the pla n ar ea ofthe base

4.4 Plat orm dimensions

4.4.1 The pl atform se tio shall have a minimum

width of2 0 0 mm a nd a minimum l e n gth of3 00 mm

When t est ed i n a ccord a nc w i th a nnex B, t he t est

ve h icl e sha ll n t ro llo ff the ramp

4.6 Ove tra el

The wh e el ra m p sha ll be fitt ed with a devic t hat

prevents ov ertra el wh en t ested i n a ccord a nc with

annex B

4.5 Rol -of

BS AU 224b :1997

4.7 Longitu inal mo ement

When t est ed i n a ccor d anc w i th a nnex C, it sha ll be

p s ible for t he t est ve h icl e to be drive n or rever sed

o to t he r am ps withou t either ramp movin m or e

tha n 50 mm Si mi larly , neit her ramp shall mo v e m ore

tha 50 mm wh e n the v eh icl e d esc nd s

4.8 Finish

Su rfac s shall n t h ve an y haza rd ous proje tio s

Al sha rp ed ges sha ll be remov ed by rou n din g,

b e ve ll i ng , or b ot her m ea ns ofde bu rrin g to prevent

injur y to t he o er at or, or damage to v eh icl e tyr es

4 9 Str ngth

4.9.1 Str ngth ofthe ramp inclne se t on

When tested i n accord anc w i th annex D, t he whe l

ramp sha ll be ca pable ofwith stan din g a load

of1.5 tim es the man u factu rer’s ra ted capa city

witho t sh owin g a y sig ofbrea kin or fra ct urin

The ma imum defl e cti on ofa yp r t oft he in cl in e

se tio sha ll n t exc ed 2 % ofits origin al h eigh t

4 9 2 Str ngth ofthe ramp platf rm

When tested i n accord anc with annex E , t he wh e el

ramp sha ll be capa ble ofwith stan din g a load of

dou bl e the man u factu rer’s ra ted ca acity witho t

sh owin g an y si g n ofbreakin g or fr acturin The

ma imum defl e ctio ofan y p r t oft he ra m p

pl atform sha ll n t exc ed 5 % ofit s origin al h eigh t

5 Marking

E ach wh ee l ramp shall be leg ibly a nd perm a nently

mar ked with t he fo ll o w i ng in formation :

a) t he n u mbe r oft his British Sta nd a rd , i

BS A U 2 4 : 19’ ;

b) a man u factu rer’s mark as a m ea ns ofi denti fy i ng

t he m a nufa ct urer , im por ter or su pl er oft he

ramp;

c) t he r ated capacity oft he ramp, st at ed as ‘SWL’

in kg;

d) t he lar gest and sm a llest o eral l d ia m eter oftyre

for w hi c h t he ra m p is suita ble;

When tested in accord anc with annex F, a

markin gs sha ll remain l eg i b l e It ems c) a nd d) shal l

be cl earl y vi si bl e at t he p int ofsa le

A warn in g n tic sha ll b e a tta ched to ea ch wh ee l

ramp givin at lea st he fo ll o w i ng warn in gs

a) Us e o nl y a sin gl e pa ir ofwh e el r am ps at t he

front or rea r Do n t us e t wo ram ps o o e sid e of

the vehi c l e.’

b) ‘Use o a hard l ev el surfa ce, e.g co crete.’

c) ‘Securel y ch ck whe ls remain in g o t he

gr ou d , a nd a pl y t he h an dbrake.’

d) ‘E x ercise car e wh en u sin g with a tra iler or a

t hr ee whee l ed ve h icl e.’

The n tic sha ll also give instructio s to co er sa fe

use oft he ra m ps u d er the co d itio s in wh ich they

ar e l i e l y to be empl oye d, i n pa rticula r the fo l l o w i ng

sha ll be det a iled

-

ho w to set t he ra m ps ou t;

- ho w todrive o to them ;

-how to d esc nd saf l y

Warni ng s shall be g iven re gardi n g ha za rd s to peo le

i n t he immediate a rea An spe ial provisio s or

proc d ures to minimize the risk ofi nju ry or dama e

sha ll be cl earl y spe cifie d

The m a teria ls ofthe n tic shall be wate rpro fand

the mi ni mum ty esiz for th e bo dy oft he t ext sha ll

h av e a height of2 mm

Marking BS A U 2 4 o or in rela tio to a prod uct r epr ese t s a ma nufa ct urer’s d ecla ra t io ofco form it y, i.e a claim b or o b haif

oft he ma nufa cturer th t th prod uct meet s th r eq uirem ents ofth sta nd a rd Th a ccura cy oft he cla im is t herefor e solely t he

c l ma nt ’ resp nsibi t y Such a d ecla ra t io is n t o b co fused with th i rd party certifica tio ofco form it y, which ma als o b

d esira ble

2

O BSI 19 9 7

BS AU 2 413 : 1997

Ba se pla ne -I

Figur 1 Height ofa typical vehicle ramp

P roje ct e d pi an ar ea

of th b s

Figur 2 Base width o fa typical vehicle ramp

rB arier stop

Figur 3 Typical vehicle ramp

STD-BSI BS AU 22 B-ENGL L797 aS lb24bb7 üb47038 2b l M

BS AU 2 4b : 1997

Clas ificat ion ofvehicles a cc r ding to the

EU

Categ ry De initio

M

M1

Motor v ehi c l es with a le ast fou r w heel s

u se d for the c ari ag e ofp as eng ers

Vehicles u sed for the cari ag e of

pas s engem an d c ompris ing n mo re thn

ei g ht se ts in a di ti o n to the driver’s

se&

Motor vehic les with at l east fo u r w heel s

us ed fo r the ca nia ge ofgo ods

Vehicles us ed fo r the c ari ag e ofg o o ds

and h vin a ma jmum mass no t

ex c e edi ng 3.5 to nnes

N

N1

N OT E Th se d efinitio s ofv hicle ca t eg ry are als o used, with

v e ry slght ed it oria l d iferences, b th U E co om ic Comm is io

for E ur op (E EY ee a

Annex B (normat ive)

Rol -of and overt ravel tes t

B.l Principle

A sp e c i fi e d forc is ap p l i ed horizontaly to a vehic le

whic h is sec u rel y mo u nted o n a pair ofwhe l ramp s to

determi ne w hether the vehic le robof the ramps

B 2 Ap aratus

B.2.1 Te st wehi.de, a s ad r two- whe l- drive, fo u r

w he led p ro du c ti o n p as eng er c ar, w i th a nomin l

road w he l rmdi ameter ofa le ast 3 0 mm

(1 i nc hes) The vehic le mas

sh i

be known to

within 50 kg

B.2.2 Me u m o ap lying the ho izontal f r ce,as

spe cifie d

B.2.3 M eu m of measurin the ap li ed f r e, to within

f2%%

B.2.4 Me u m of c ntr i i i ng m a smo ement of the

veicle, ifrol-of oc u rs, w i tho u t afec ting t he test

p ro cess

B 3 Proc d re

B.3.1 Mo ntth e fro nt ofthe test vehic le o a pair of

the ramp s u n de r ts o a hard, level su rfac e E n su re

t ha n ir\iwy c noc u r ifthe vehic le does co me of

the ramp s

B.3.2 Take the test vehic le o t ofg ear (or ou t of

‘Pak’and rel ease th e h ndb rake.Dono t c ho ck the

whe ls

B.3.3 Ap ly a re arw ard ho ri z o ntal for ce,f, to the

vehic le a a c o nv eni e nt p o i nt an d n ote wh e th e r rol-of

oc u rs, us in the formula:

f= 0.5~

w here:

f

v

is the forc i n new to ns;

is the mas ofthe t est vehic le in kio rams

B.3.4 Remo unting the vehic le ifnee-, ap p l y the

same forc in a forwards di rec ti o n t esta li sh wh e th e r

o v ertrav el OCCUIS

B.3.6 Rep eat t he test proc du re B.3.2 to B.3.4 with

the rea r ofthe v ehi cle re ve rsed o n the ramp s Note

w hether rol-of or o v ertrav el oc u rs

B.3.6 The ramp has passe d the test ifther e is n

o v ertrav el

Annex C (normat ive)

Te st fo r longitudinal movement

C.1Principle

Toesta li sh t hat it is p o ssi b l e to asce n d an d desc e nd

the ramps w i tho ut th e ir mo in ex c essi v el x u n der

no rmal co ndi ti o ns

C.2 Ap aratus

C 2 1 A test ve hicle , as desc ri bed in B.2.1

C.2.2 Anar a o fi mdr c nc ete,fa an d level ,

with a smo o th su rface free from ri dg es that ar e vis ible

to the n ke d eye a nd w i th a c o e ffi c i ent offri cti o n

of0.6 * 0.1 when measure d w i th a fri c ti o n tester

manu fac ture d in ac ordan ce w i th the des ign

re c o mmende d by the ?i.ansp rt

Rese arc h

La oratory

(se e BS 812 : Pas 1 4 : 19 9 for a desc ri p ti o n ofths

des ign oftester)

C.2 3 Mea s of mar k ing the ra m ps’ p sition on the

J or a d measurin a 9 mo ement to within 2 mm

C 3 Proc d re

C 3 1 Se t o t the ramp s as re qu i re d in t he

manufactu rer’s in stru ction s, a nd mark th e ir p o si ti o n o n

the flo r

C.3.2 Drive t he vehic le forwards u the ramp s, to sto

o n t he platîorm se ction s

C 3 3 Meas ure a y movement ofeith e r or b th ofthe

ramps to within 2 mm Remark the fl o o r p o si ti o n if

ne-

C.3.4 Revers e the vehic le dow n the ramp s an d

measu re a y fu rth e r movement

STD-BSI BS AU 22 B-ENGL i997 lb24bb9 Ob47037 1 TB PI

AnnexD

BS AU 224b:19 7

C 3 6 Repeat the test proc du re C 3 1 to C 3 4,

re ve rsi ng u the ramp s, then drivin do w n them

C.3.6 Fo r the r mps to pa ss the tes, nei ther ramp

shal mo e mo re th an 50 mm when the vehic le is

driven o n n or when it is driven of

'Ièst oframp inc ine section strength

D.l Principle

A loadin devic e whic h si mul ates a p as eng e r ca r

whe l an d tyre is use d to apply a verti c al

tes

lo ad to

t he i nc l i ne se tio oft he ramp The lo ad is i n cre ased

to 1.5 ti mes the rate d c ap ac i ty ofthe ramp The ramp is

th en ex ami ned fo r b re akag e or excessi v e deormation

D 2 Apparatus

D.2 1 Hydmul c test rig, or oth er su i ta l e devic e

cap able ofa plyin the requi red forc an d h vin a

me ans ofi ndi cati ng the forc ap p li ed to within 2 %

D.2 2 Lar eJ t plate, c ap able ofsu p p o rti ng th e b se

ofthe ramp d rin the tes

D.2.3 Meam ofmasuring the height of the mmp

icln se tion,atse l ected p in ts, to within 1 mm

d ring the tst

D.2 4 Th loa i ng W e ,as sho w n in figure D.1 The

sem icircula r ste e l former, 2 0 5 m m o u tsi de ra ius

an d 10 5 mm wide, is c o v ered with a so l i d strip of

ru bbe r 4 5m in thickn e ss, sh re hardn e ss 4 to 50

D 3 Proc d r

D.3.1 Se le c t the p o i nt

o

the i nc l i ne se tio mo st

lkely to suffer ma imum de fo rmati o n an d measure its

height ab o ve the b ase

N T This is n ormal l y th e p int fur t hest from a y su p rt s Th

test ma hav to b rep a t ed o n w sa mples e ch time, if it is

u clea r

D.3.2 Mo nt th e ramp o n the p l ate w ith the sel e cte d

p o i nt vertic aìy u n der t he c ntre ofthe lo ading dev i c e,

with the u p p er fac ofthe lo ading devic e ho ri z o ntal

an d the ai ofth e c u rved se c ti o n acros th e ramp

D.3.3 E n su re that th e lo ading devic e, the ramp and

the piate a re securel y l ocate d s o t ha ther e is n

d ng er ofth eir s lip ping o r b ein e xp el l ed u n de r t he

lo ad

D.3.4 Ap ly a Vertical forc to th e i nc l i ne se tio

eq ivalent to 1.5 t me the ma u fac tu rer's rated

c ap ac i ty fo r the ramp , at a rate no t

e xc e edi ng 10 kN/min an d hold it for 6 s

D 3 6 Meas ure the ma imum defl ec ti o n oft he i nc l i ne

sec ti o n

D.3.6 Remo e the l o ad an d ex mine for breaks or

fractu re Meas ure the heig ht ofthe initial se l ected

p o i nt a o v e the base, an d cal c u late the pe rc n tage

re du c ti o n in hei g ht, if an

D.3.7 The ramp shalbe de emed t h v e passed t he

test ifth ere ar e n breaks or fractu res an d ifthe

ma imum defl ec ti o n is l es th an

2 o

F orc e Ste l plate, 8 m m

/

I

R ub b e r s trip

40 mm f 5 mrn th i ck

R = 2 0 rnrn k 5 m m

'Ste l pla te , 8 rnm

mi n i mum thickn ss

Figur D.l Ramp lo ding devic

O B S I 19 7

5

2248-ENGL

1997 E 1b24bb9 Ob47040 9LT W

BS AU 22 4 b :1997

An ex E

%t oframp platform s ectio n strength

E.l Principle

The lo ading devic e (figure D.1) is use d t o app ly a

verti c al test load to the p latform se ctio oft he ramp ,

eq ivalent to do ubl e the rate d c ap ac i ty ofth e ramp

E.2 Ap arat us

The same ap aratus as sp clf d in D.2

E.3 Proc dur

E.3.1 Se le c t the p o i nt o n the p latfo rm se tio lkely to

suffer ma imum defo rmati o n an d measure i s height

a o v e the b as e

NO TE T h is is n ormal l y th p int fur thest fr om a ny sup ort s The

test ma y ha ve t b rep a t ed o n w sa m ples ea ch time, if i t is

u n cl e ar

E.3.2 Mo nt the ramp o n the pl ate w i th the sel e cte d

p o i nt vertic aly u nder the ce n tre ofthe loadin de vi c e ,

w i th th e u ppe r fac e ofthe loadin dev i ce ho ri z o ntal

an d t he ax is ofthe c urv ed se tio acros the ramp

E.3.3 E n su re tha t t he lo ading devic e, the ramp a nd

t he p& a re sec u rel y lo c ate d so that th ere is n

d ng er ofth eir s lip ping or b ein exp el l ed u n der l o ad

E.3.4 Ap ly a verti c al forc to the p latfo rm se tio

eq ivaient t o tw i ce the manu fac turer's rate d c apac ity

for t he ramp , at a rate n ot ex c ee di ng 10 kN/min an d

ho ld it for 60 s

E 3 6 Meas ure t he ma imum defl ecti o n ofthe

platform secti o n

E.3.6 Remo e t he lo ad an d e xami ne fo r bre aks o r

fatue Meas ure th e height ofthe iiil se l ected

p o i nt ab o v e the base , an d cal c u late a y p erc entag e

redu c ti o n in height

E.3.7 The ramp shal l be dee me d to h v e p as e d the

test ifther e ar e n breaks or fra tures an d ifth e

p erc e ntag e ma imum defl ec ti o n is l es thn5 %

Wst for permanence ofma rk i n g

F.l Principle

The ramp markin is lg tly ru bbed w i th b th pe trol

an d wate r to c onfirm p erma e nce

F.2 Ap arat us

F.2.1 S uitabl e b ths,to hold the samp l e in the

so lv ents, w i th adeq u ate ume exbrac tio n an d

a pro ri ate safety pre au tion s for t he h n ling oft he

fuel

F 2.2 S up l y of commecial u leaded p tr l

c onformin to BS E N 2 8

F.2.3 S p ly of cl ea c ton ra

F 2.4 S p ly of c0mmecia.ìl iq id deterge t

F 3 Proc d r

F.3.1 Immers e the marked ar ea oft he te s t samp l e in

the pe trol for io min at 2 0

'

2 "C

F 3 2 Remo e from the pe trol an d ru b the markings

o ver a are ap p ro x i matel y 10 mm x 50 mm w i th firm

han d pres u re for 30 s, usin coto rag d mped in

p etro l

F 3 3 Dry the samp le tho roug hly in a cu rre n t ofd y

air, th en i mme rse in c l ean wate r in w hi ch 0.5 % b

v lume ofdeterg ent has b ee n dis s olved Lea e for 2 h

F 3 4 Remo e from the water an d ru b the marking s

over an ar ea ofap p ro x i matel y 10 mm X 50 mm with

firm h n pres ure for 3 s,us in coto rag d mp ed in

the water

E3.6 Ex mine the tes area for legibi ty and

p e rma e nc e ofthe markmg

NO TE F or e se of ha nd lin , t he m a rked are may b cut from th

ra mp wh n prepa rin th e test sa mple

F 3 6 The markin proc s p s es t he ts ifthe

markings remai n leg ib le

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